“…Since the popularization of electrified transportation, the intense energy consumption by transportation and the negative effects of energy use have led to irreconcilable conflicts between the two. Facing the severe challenges brought by resource constraints, climate change, and environmental pollution, promoting the revolution of energy and transportation supply and promoting industrial transformation, are fundamental ways to cope with each challenge (Jia et al, 2020;Mantalovas and Di Mino, 2019;Barakat et al, 2022;Mantalovas et al, 2020.a;Praticò et al, 2020). Meanwhile, building a green, resilient, self-sustained and sustainable transportation energy integration system is an important future development path for the road engineering sector, and exploring renewable energy and transportation integration development technology is of great significance to improve the energy efficiency of transportation.…”