Examining the Bertuzzi–Moore NHL ice hockey incident: Crossing the line between sanctioned and unsanctioned violence in sport

Kerr, John H.

doi:10.1016/j.avb.2005.07.010

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Kerr [1999Kerr [ , 2002Kerr [ , 2005] also alludes to this type of act in his description of players with a reputation for ''policing the game.'' Given the potentially severe impact on the assaulted athlete [and even for the attacker in extreme circumstances; see Kerr, 2006 for further reading] and the potential financial cost to sport clubs, it is clear that such practices should be discouraged. In the informal contract or ''norms'' between players of collision and contact sports, most are willing to accept injury occurring through accidents or fair play; however, few are likely prepared to lose their career and income through unnecessary or extreme foul play.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the informal contract or ''norms'' between players of collision and contact sports, most are willing to accept injury occurring through accidents or fair play; however, few are likely prepared to lose their career and income through unnecessary or extreme foul play. Recent legal action in response to severe cases of unsanctioned aggression would testify to this claim [for an example see Kerr, 2006].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hostile aggression is the intentional infliction of pain or injury and is unrelated to the aims or goals of the contest. Hostile aggression differs from reactive aggression because it is planned, rather than an immediate emotional reaction, and may be a vengeful attack that is detached from the original provocation by a considerable duration [Kerr, 2006;Maxwell, 2004].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unsanctioned aggression in rugby union: relationships among aggressiveness, anger, athletic identity, and professionalization

Maxwell

Visek

2009

Aggressive Behavior

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Aggressive players who intentionally cause injury to their opponents are common in many sports, particularly collision sports such as Rugby Union. Although some acts of aggression fall within the rules (sanctioned), others do not (unsanctioned), with the latter tending to be less acceptable than the former. This study attempts to identify characteristics of players who are more likely to employ unsanctioned methods in order to injure an opponent. Male Rugby Union players completed questionnaires assessing aggressiveness, anger, past aggression, professionalization, and athletic identity. Players were assigned to one of two groups based on self-reported past unsanctioned aggression. Results indicated that demographic variables (e.g., age, playing position, or level of play) were not predictive of group membership. Measures of aggressiveness and professionalization were significant predictors; high scores on both indicated a greater probability of reporting the use of unsanctioned aggressive force for the sole purpose of causing injury or pain. In addition, players who had been taught how to execute aggressive illegal plays without detection were also more likely to report using excessive force to injure an opponent. Results provide further support that highly professionalized players may be more likely to use methods outside the constitutive rules of Rugby Union in order to intentionally injure their opponents. Results are discussed within the context of the increasing win-at-all-cost attitude that is becoming more prevalent in sport and its implications for youth athletes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unsanctioned aggression in rugby union: relationships among aggressiveness, anger, athletic identity, and professionalization

Maxwell

Visek

2009

Aggressive Behavior

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“…As a result, physical aggression is privileged as the most important form of aggression (Kerr, 2006;Smith, 2003). This erases sport behaviors that could expand our understanding of aggression.…”

Section: Aggression Gender and Contact Sport: Extending Our Understamentioning

confidence: 99%

Mean(ing) to Me: A Symbolic Interactionist Approach to Aggression in Sport Psychology

Baird

McGannon

2009

Quest

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“…One of those reasons is related to the last line of the Baron's definition that suggests aggression is directed toward someone who is motivated to avoid harm. In sport, most participants are aware of some harm that may be inflicted upon them as a result of their sport and are willing to endure that harm (Kerr, 1999(Kerr, , 2002(Kerr, , 2006. For example, I know that it hurts when someone tackles me in rugby; however, this type of intentional harm is not included within the traditional definition of aggression.…”

Section: Defining Aggressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Who do you think you are? constructing self/identity in women's rugby through aggression, control and unacceptable behavior

Baird¹

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Who do you think you are? constructing self/identity in women's Who do you think you are? constructing self/identity in women's rugby through aggression, control and unacceptable behavior rugby through aggression, control and unacceptable behavior ABSTRACT Some behaviors in sport may be labeled: bad, unnecessary and distasteful. Sport psychologists have used concepts of aggression to understand and lessen these behaviors.To date, most research has conceptualized aggression as a product of individual cognition. Specifically, aggression is defined in the sport psychology literature as any behavior motivated by the intent to harm one's opponent (Baron, 1977;Bredemeier & Shields, 1986b;Husman & Silva, 1984;Kirker, Tenenbaum & Mattson, 2000).Consequently, sport psychology analyses of aggression tend to reproduce take-forgranted conceptions of aggression as male, physical and other-directed. To better understand sport aggression, it has been argued that symbolic interactionism has much to offer (Baird & McGannon, 2009). By utilizing symbolic interactionism we can reconceptualize aggression as a social construct given meaning in and through interaction with self and others. From this perspective, self notions and interactions with others are important "locations" of meaning making and are significant in the study of behavior.The present study used symbolic interactionism to explore female rugby players' experiences of aggression and how they interpret, define and structure experiences relative to self development. In conjunction with participant-observation, 12 semistructured interviews with female rugby players ages 18-45 were conducted to explore:(1) how do women define themselves as ruggers/how do they (re)produce these identities in and out of rugby, (2) how do women define and experience aggression, and (3) how are these accounts used in the construction of self/identity? Data emerging from interviews and observations suggested that athletes defined and experienced behavior in ways challenging contemporary sport psychology 2 conceptualizations of aggression. The participants often used the word aggression to describe forceful and physical play. In sport psychology literature, this is typically referred to as assertive behavior (Husman & Silva, 1984; Tenenbaum, Saks, Miller, Golden, & Doolin, 2000) and aggressive behavior is a label reserved for unacceptable behavior motivated by the intent to harm . According to the women in this study, unacceptable behavior was not defined by intent; rather, unacceptable behavior was a negotiated space that was constructed through notions of lack of control. That is, if a player was constructed as out of control, that player was seen as engaging in unacceptable behavior.In terms of self/identity construction, pain, contact and aggression emerged as important in the (re)production of self-related experiences within and outside of rugby.Within rugby these characteristics indicated a player's rugbyness. Outside of rugby these characteristics were often exhibited by non-rugby playe...

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Examining the Bertuzzi–Moore NHL ice hockey incident: Crossing the line between sanctioned and unsanctioned violence in sport

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

Unsanctioned aggression in rugby union: relationships among aggressiveness, anger, athletic identity, and professionalization

Unsanctioned aggression in rugby union: relationships among aggressiveness, anger, athletic identity, and professionalization

Mean(ing) to Me: A Symbolic Interactionist Approach to Aggression in Sport Psychology

Who do you think you are? constructing self/identity in women's rugby through aggression, control and unacceptable behavior

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