Examining the bank of microscopic stages in kelps using culturing and barcoding

Robuchon, Marine; Couceiro, Lucía; Peters, Akira F.; Destombe, Christophe; Valéro, Myriam

doi:10.1080/09670262.2014.892635

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Although the Laminariales zoospores are unique as compared with those of other brown algal species, identification based on their morphological features is nearly impossible. Several reports have previously confirmed the presence of macroalgal reproductive cells in seawater and that of microscopic stages on the sea shore (Hoffmann and Ugarte ; Müller and Ramírez ; Robuchon et al ; Peters et al ). Investigations on algae development through culture experiments have focused on morphological identification or DNA barcoding (Robuchon et al ; Peters et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…One of the methods to confirm the existence of reproductive cells in seawater is through discovery of gametophytes or sporophytes in seawater culture or via identification of the substratum in medium (Hoffmann and Ugarte ; Müller and Ramírez ; Robuchon et al ; Peters et al ). However, it is difficult to accurately determine the number of zoospores in natural seawater by counting the number of grown plants from zoospores, as zoospores may be lost during the culture process (Nabata ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantification of laminarialean zoospores in seawater by real‐time PCR

Nagasato

Kawamoto

Tomioka

et al. 2019

Phycological Research

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Laminarialean plants undergo heteromorphic alternation of generations between the macroscopic diploid sporophyte and the microscopic haploid gametophyte. The generations change through the formation and release of asexual or sexual reproductive cells. It is difficult to monitor the release and diffusion of zoospores into the environment. Furthermore, even if zoospores can be detected, species identification remains difficult. This study attempted to develop a sensitive and fast identification method for laminarialean zoospores using quantitative PCR. In addition, we aimed to estimate the density of zoospores in natural seawater. Specific primers for Saccharina japonica and Undaria pinnatifida were designed and used to estimate the quantity of zoospores in seawater. DNA samples (environmental DNA) were collected from seawater once or twice each month for 2 years at the same area, and seasonal variations in the release of zoospores was monitored. The estimated maturation period based on the number of released zoospores in this study was comparable with those of the previously reported maturation periods of S. japonica and U. pinnatifida sporophytes. This supports the validity of our method in estimating zoospore release from laminarialean plants. The method will be a useful tool for ecological studies on these commercially relevant species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of laminarialean zoospores in seawater by real‐time PCR

Nagasato

Kawamoto

Tomioka

et al. 2019

Phycological Research

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“…This life cycle may facilitate resilience of kelp populations, allowing for refuge from environmental and biological stressors as either (a) a large sporophyte is too large for grazers or (b) a microscopic stage is safe from storms or otherwise that would uproot large sporophytes (i.e., bet‐hedging: Lubchenco & Cubit, 1980). However, our understanding of the role of kelp gametophytes as a spore bank is limited to only a handful of studies (e.g., Robuchon, Couceiro, et al, 2014).…”

Section: Resilience and Monitoring Of Laminaria Hyperborea Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanical removal of L. hyperborea results in the removal of whole individuals. Recovery can take greater than 5 years (Lorentsen, Sjøtun, & Grémillet, 2010), and populations in the heaviest areas of harvest may be important reservoirs of genetic diversity (e.g., Brittany, France: Robuchon, Couceiro, Peters, Destombe, & Valero, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of subtidal kelp forests in Ireland: From first descriptions to new habitat monitoring techniques

Schoenrock

Chan

O'Callaghan

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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Aim Kelp forests worldwide are important marine ecosystems that foster high primary to secondary productivity and multiple ecosystem services. These ecosystems are increasingly under threat from extreme storms, changing ocean temperatures, harvesting, and greater herbivore pressure at regional and global scales, necessitating urgent documentation of their historical to present‐day distributions. Species range shifts to higher latitudes have already been documented in some species that dominate subtidal habitats within Europe. Very little is known about kelp forest ecosystems in Ireland, where rocky coastlines are dominated by Laminaria hyperborea. In order to rectify this substantial knowledge gap, we compiled historical records from an array of sources to present historical distribution, kelp and kelp forest recording effort over time, and present rational for the monitoring of kelp habitats to better understand ecosystem resilience. Location Ireland (Northern Ireland and Éire). Methods Herbaria, literature from the Linnaean society dating back to late 1700s, journal articles, government reports, and online databases were scoured for information on L. hyperborea. Information about kelp ecosystems was solicited from dive clubs and citizen science groups that are active along Ireland's coastlines. Results Data were used to create distribution maps and analyze methodology and technology used to record L. hyperborea presence and kelp ecosystems within Ireland. We discuss the recent surge in studies on Irish kelp ecosystems, fauna associated with kelp ecosystems that may be used as indicators of ecosystem health and suggest methodologies for continued monitoring. Main Conclusions While there has been a steady increase in recording effort of the dominant subtidal kelp forest species, L. hyperborea, only recently have studies begun to address other important eco‐evolutionary processes at work in kelp forests including connectivity among kelp populations in Ireland. Further monitoring, using suggested methodologies, is required to better understand the resilience of kelp ecosystems in Ireland.

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“…For such smaller algae from the sublittoral, we have recently employed the germling emergence technique, by which macroalgae are obtained from natural substratum incubated in the laboratory [16]. This method has been used to reveal the diversity of macroalgae and their microstages, e.g., [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. We have now used the same method for substrata collected during diving surveys off Rhodes (Greece) in October-November 2015, and here report the second-ever record and isolation from 24 m depth of Schizocladia ischiensis E.C.Henry, K.Okuda, and H.Kawai of the poorly known monotypic Schizocladiophyceae, the sister group of the brown algae among the Ochrophyta, enabling novel insights into its habitat and development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Minute Alga Schizocladia ischiensis (Schizocladiophyceae, Ochrophyta) Isolated by Germling Emergence from 24 m Depth off Rhodes (Greece)

et al. 2020

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Substratum collected during diving surveys of sublittoral communities off the Greek island of Rhodes (Dodecanese, South-East Aegean) in late 2015 was incubated in the laboratory. Among the emerging macroalgal germlings, there was the second-ever record and isolate of the small benthic multicellular alga Schizocladia ischiensis of the poorly known monotypic Schizocladiophyceae, the sister group of the brown algae (Phaeophyceae). Its nuclear ribosomal small subunit, Rubisco spacer (rbcL, psaA, and psbC sequences (in total 5237 bp)) were similar to those of the only previous isolate of the species from Ischia, western Mediterranean. Our new strain formed branched upright thalli attached to the substratum by an amorphous substance secreted at the bottom of the basal cell. It is possible that S. ischiensis is a common member of the infralittoral and circalittoral communities in the Mediterranean and generally overlooked because of its minute size. Germling emergence appears to represent the method of choice to reveal benthic algae of this small size.

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Examining the bank of microscopic stages in kelps using culturing and barcoding

Cited by 16 publications

References 36 publications

Quantification of laminarialean zoospores in seawater by real‐time PCR

Quantification of laminarialean zoospores in seawater by real‐time PCR

A review of subtidal kelp forests in Ireland: From first descriptions to new habitat monitoring techniques

The Minute Alga Schizocladia ischiensis (Schizocladiophyceae, Ochrophyta) Isolated by Germling Emergence from 24 m Depth off Rhodes (Greece)

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