Examining sediment infill dynamics at Naracoorte cave megafauna sites using multiple luminescence dating signals

Arnold, Lee J.; Demuro, Martina; Power, Ronika K.; Priya,; Duval, Mathieu; Guilarte, Verónica; Weij, Rieneke; Woodhead, Jon; White, L.B.; Bourne, Steven; Reed, Elizabeth Helen

doi:10.1016/j.quageo.2022.101301

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…S7), and low overdispersion values of 26 ± 2% to 27 ± 2% (table S4). These overdispersion values are consistent with (i.e., within 2σ) those typically reported for well-bleached and undisturbed single-grain D e datasets [see, e.g., (34,37,38)] and they are comparable to, albeit slightly higher than, the 2σ overdispersion range obtained in the dose recovery tests for sample TAM19-1 (13 to 25%). Both D e datasets are considered to be normally distributed according to their weighted skewness scores (32,39).…”

Section: Chronostratigraphic Framework Of the Upper Paleolithic Unitssupporting

confidence: 90%

Nobody’s land? The oldest evidence of early Upper Paleolithic settlements in inland Iberia

Sala,

Alcaraz-Castaño,

Arriolabengoa

et al. 2024

Sci. Adv.

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The Iberian Peninsula is a key region for unraveling human settlement histories of Eurasia during the period spanning the decline of Neandertals and the emergence of anatomically modern humans (AMH). There is no evidence of human occupation in central Iberia after the disappearance of Neandertals ~42,000 years ago until approximately 26,000 years ago, rendering the region “nobody’s land” during the Aurignacian period. The Abrigo de la Malia provides irrefutable evidence of human settlements dating back to 36,200 to 31,760 calibrated years before the present (cal B.P.) This site also records additional levels of occupation around 32,420 to 26,260 cal B.P., suggesting repeated settlement of this territory. Our multiproxy examination identifies a change in climate trending toward colder and more arid conditions. However, this climatic deterioration does not appear to have affected AMH subsistence strategies or their capacity to inhabit this region. These findings reveal the ability of AMH groups to colonize regions hitherto considered uninhabitable, reopening the debate on early Upper Paleolithic population dynamics of southwestern Europe.

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Section: Chronostratigraphic Framework Of the Upper Paleolithic Unitssupporting

confidence: 90%

Nobody’s land? The oldest evidence of early Upper Paleolithic settlements in inland Iberia

Sala,

Alcaraz-Castaño,

Arriolabengoa

et al. 2024

Sci. Adv.

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“…The D e distribution also has a relatively low overdispersion value of 12 ± 3%, which is consistent with overdispersion values commonly reported for well-bleached and unmixed multi-grain pIR-IRSL D e datasets at 2σ (e.g. the average overdispersion of 8 ± 1% presented by Arnold et al, 2022). We have therefore used the weighted mean D e value (calculated using the central age model; Galbraith et al, 1999) to derive the burial dose estimate.…”

Section: Geochronologysupporting

confidence: 78%

Fluvial response to Quaternary Hydroclimate in Eastern Africa: Evidence from Gona, Afar

Stinchcomb¹,

Quade²,

Levin³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The Busidima Formation in the Afar region, Ethiopia, spans the Quaternary and records the cultural evolution of the genus Homo. Yet, the Middle Pleistocene to Holocene fluvial environments in which early humans lived are undersampled in eastern Africa. This paper examines the stratigraphy, geochronology and paleoenvironments of the newly designated Odele Member of the uppermost Busidima Formation (< 152 thousand years (ka)), which has received little attention despite being a critical period in the evolution of early Homo sapiens and its migration out of Africa. The Odele Member is 40–50 m thick and spans 151 to 7 ka, defined at the base by the widespread Waidedo Vitric Tuff (WAVT, 151 ± 16 ka modeled age and 95.4% C.I.). There are two prominent erosional unconformities in the Odele Member, a lower one after the WAVT deposition with a modeled 95.4% C.I. range of 124 − 97 ka; and an upper one involving widespread alluvial fan incision commencing between 13 and 10.6 ka. The uppermost Odele Member also contains black, organic-rich mats, redox features, reed casts, and semi-aquatic and aquatic gastropods marking wetter conditions during the terminal Pleistocene and Early Holocene. A black, fine-grained relict soil coeval with the Halalalee paleosol bounds the top of the Odele Member and has mollic and vertic properties, weathering since ~ 12 ka. These incision events and prominent paleosol development near/at the top of the Busidima Formation document Middle to Late Pleistocene Awash River incision to its present-day course. Paleo-rainfall estimates suggest that the Early Holocene-age Halalalee paleosol weathered under a climate with mean annual rainfall 10–15% higher than today. A compilation of radiocarbon ages from aquatic gastropods, carbonized wood and charcoal from the upper Odele Member shows wetter and possibly more vegetated conditions during late marine isotope stage (MIS) 3 and the African Humid Period (AHP) that are tightly coupled with precession-driven summer insolation maxima. The Odele Member revises upward the age of the Busidima Formation to 7 ka, showing that it spans into the Holocene and now includes Middle and Later Stone Age archaeological traditions.

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“…The earliest evidence of the species comes from Main Fossil Chamber, Victoria Fossil Cave (225 ka min. age) (Grün et al 2001;Arnold et al 2022), with a specimen found at a similar stratigraphic level to samples yielding dates of 478 ± 22 ka and 443 ± 32 ka (Grün et al 2001) Protemnodon mamkurra sp. nov. is known from middle and late Pleistocene deposits.…”

Section: Pleistocene Distributions (Fig 143)mentioning

confidence: 72%

Systematics and palaeobiology of kangaroos of the late Cenozoic genus Protemnodon (Marsupialia, Macropodidae)

KERR,

CAMENS,

VAN ZOELEN

et al. 2024

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Species of the kangaroo genus Protemnodon were common members of late Cenozoic communities across Australia and New Guinea until their extinction in the late Pleistocene. However, since the genus was first raised 150 years ago, it has proven difficult to diagnose, as have the species allocated to it. This is due primarily to the incompleteness of the type material and a heavy reliance on cheek tooth size and slight variations in premolar form. Along with the rare association between cranial and postcranial material, this has hampered understanding of the palaeobiology of these large-bodied kangaroos. Here we review and re-diagnose Protemnodon, recognising a total of seven species and providing a hypothesis of species interrelationships. The following new synonymies are made: Protemnodon chinchillaensis is synonymised with P. otibandus and P. hopei with P. tumbuna. The following are considered nomina dubia: Protemnodon brehus, P. roechus, P. mimas, P. antaeus, and P. devisi. We reveal that the morphology of the cheek dentition is not as consistently useful for differentiating species of Protemnodon as features of the cranium and postcranial skeleton. As a whole, the species share anatomical features that reflect stability and power in the limb joints, yet they differ in body proportions, and axial and limb morphology. This we interpret as showing locomotory adaptations to different habitats. Of the three Pliocene species, Protemnodon snewini is interpreted as a medium- to high-geared hopper, suggesting proficiency in more open environments, whereas P. dawsonae sp. nov. we infer to have been a medium-geared inhabitant of eastern Australian forests and woodlands. Protemnodon otibandus, with a range extending through the woodlands and forests of eastern Australia into the rainforests of eastern New Guinea, displays adaptations to slower hopping. Its Pleistocene descendant, P. tumbuna, is convergent on the morphology of modern New Guinea forest wallabies, and was likely facultatively quadrupedal. Of the three Australian Pleistocene species, the long-necked P. anak is hypothesised to have been a large, medium-geared, eastern Australian species, and P. mamkurra sp. nov. a robust, low-geared resident of well-wooded southern Australia habitats. By contrast, P. viator sp. nov. was larger but more gracile, suggested to be a medium- to high-geared species convergent in some traits on large extant kangaroos. This and a wide inland distribution point to adeptness in open, arid environments. Protemnodon mamkurra sp. nov. and P. viator sp. nov. occupy the morphospace previously occupied by P. roechus and P. brehus. Overall, the species of Protemnodon exhibit a degree of ecomorphological variation suggestive of a broader array of ecological adaptations than hitherto envisioned.

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Examining sediment infill dynamics at Naracoorte cave megafauna sites using multiple luminescence dating signals

Cited by 19 publications

References 44 publications

Nobody’s land? The oldest evidence of early Upper Paleolithic settlements in inland Iberia

Nobody’s land? The oldest evidence of early Upper Paleolithic settlements in inland Iberia

Fluvial response to Quaternary Hydroclimate in Eastern Africa: Evidence from Gona, Afar

Systematics and palaeobiology of kangaroos of the late Cenozoic genus Protemnodon (Marsupialia, Macropodidae)

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