Examining Rater Effects of the TGMD-2 on Children With Intellectual Disability

Kim, Youngdeok; Park, Ilhyeok; Kang, Minsoo

doi:10.1123/apaq.29.4.346

Cited by 27 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Therefore, the MFRM makes important contributions to the analysis of test results by easily allowing the simultaneous assessment of many perspectives; moreover, it can be used in the development of measurement tools, in the organisation of the appropriate measurement circumstances, and in the provision of effective training for raters (Kim, Park, & Kang, 2012;Looney, 2012;Nakamura, 2000;Revesz, 2012). Because it is believed to provide important information, the use of the MFRM might be recommended when analysing the results obtained from exams in which openended items are used and through which important decisions concerning the students' futures are made.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active and Democratic Citizenship Education and its Challenges in Social Studies Classrooms

Ersoy¹

2014

EJER

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Problem Statement: Turkey's passive and task-oriented approach to citizenship education, which has endured since the Ottoman Empire period, has begun to change into more active and democratic citizenship education since Turkey joined the European Union. Identifying the practical problems as well as describing the challenges when practicing the Social Studies curriculum will contribute to citizenship education and its development, both in Turkey and in similar countries. Purpose of Study:The purpose of the present study is to explore the active and democratic citizenship education procedures in Social Studies course in Turkey and to determine the challenges encountered in active citizenship education. Methodology:The study was conducted using a holistic, multiple-case study design. Data were collected through interviews, classroom observations and documents. In this study, extreme or deviant case sampling was used. The study was conducted in two schools: a state school with a low socioeconomic background and a private school with high socioeconomic background. A total of six volunteer teachers and 30 students from both of the schools participated in the study. Findings:The study found that the citizenship perceptions, political views and educational backgrounds of the teachers had an effect on the citizenship education in their lessons. Furthermore, the age, maturity level, gender and social environment of the students had an effect on implementing citizenship education. Also, the test-centered educational system, traditional school organizations and culture, and the relevant legislations and regulations limited the ability of teachers to handle

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active and Democratic Citizenship Education and its Challenges in Social Studies Classrooms

Ersoy¹

2014

EJER

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“…G theory has been widely used in the many subdisciplines of kinesiology. Examples include estimating inter-and intrarater variability in movement skill assessment (Kim, Park, & Kang, 2012) and determining the reliability of accelerometrybased activity monitors (Welk, Schaben, & Morrow, 2004), pedometers (Kang, Bjornson, Barreira, Ragan, & Song, 2014), the balance error scoring system (BESS; Broglio, Zhu, Sopiarz, & Park, 2009), center of pressure measures (Doyle, Hsiao-Wecksler, Ragan, & Rosengren, 2007), blood pressure readings (Llabre et al, 1988), isometric force measurement (Roebroeck, Harlaar, & Lankhorst, 1993), physical activity questionnaire for children (PAQ-C;Crocker, Bailey, Faulkner, Kowalski, & McGrath, 1997), and the eating attitudes test (EAT-12; Engelsen & Hagtvet, 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

Trajectory analysis of discrete goal-directed pointing movements: How many trials are needed for reliable data?

2017

Self Cite

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A powerful tool in motor behavior research is trajectory analysis of discrete goal-directed pointing movements. The purpose of the present analysis was to estimate the minimum number of trials per participant required to achieve the conventional level of reliability for trajectory analysis. We analyzed basic measurements of movement and three common methods of trajectory analysis within the framework of generalizability theory. Generalizability studies were used to decompose the total variance of these variables into the percent contributions from person, trial, and the person-by-trial interaction. Decision studies were then used to determine the minimum number of trials required to achieve the conventional level of reliability. The number of trials per participant needed for reliable data of discrete goal-directed pointing movements depended on the dependent variable-for example, reaction times required six or ten trials, movement times required three trials, and constant error required 47 trials. For trajectory analysis, ten or fewer trials were required for reliable dependent variables during the first half of the movement (up to peak velocity or 70% of the displacement). The number of trials required for the second half of the movement rapidly increased to 47 trials at movement termination. This increase in the number of trials required for reliable analysis of the second half of the movement was indicative of online control. Finally, correlation analysis was performed with simulated correlations on subsets of trials, and all 32 trials were required. However, 18 trials might be used without a practically significant change in the correlations.

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“…Test of Gross Motor Development Second Edition (TGMD-2) [22] is the most commonly used standardized instrument for assessing gross motor skills in children age 3 to 10 years [15,23]. It is used to identify children who significantly lag behind their peers in gross motor skills development based on criteria [22].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Until now, previous studies mainly included children with CP without ID when examining gross motor skills, [13,14] or children with ID without CP, [15,16] while there are a small number of studies involving both parameters associated [5]. These deficiencies have also been detected in recent studies [17].…”

Section: Zusammenfassungmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gross Motor Skills in Children with Cerebral Palsy and Intellectual Disability

Djuric-Zdravkovic

Perovic

Milanović-Dobrota

et al. 2020

Physikalische Medizin, Rehabilitationsmedizin, Kurortmedizin

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Objectives The aim of this study is to determine the connection of gross motor skills (locomotor skills and object control) and the degree of associated intellectual disability (ID) in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Participants and methods The study sample included 54 children with CP and associated ID age 5 years to 6 years and 11 months. For the assessment of tested skills, The Gross Motor Function Classification System-Expanded and Revised (GMFCS-E&R), Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-Fourth Edition (WPPSI-IV) and Test of Gross Motor Development Second Edition (TGMD-2) were used. Results The results of this study indicate better quality of locomotor skills than object control skills in children with CP and associated ID. Children with CP and mild ID have better quality of locomotor skills and object control, than children with CP and moderate ID. Differences between these 2 groups of children are presented relative to GMFCS-E&R levels. Conclusion This study has determined significant interconnection of the quality of gross motor functions and intellectual capacity in preschool children with CP. This should be considered when creating more detailed individual developmental rehabilitation plan in children with CP and associated ID and predict adequate measures of developmental stimulation.

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Examining Rater Effects of the TGMD-2 on Children With Intellectual Disability

Cited by 27 publications

References 31 publications

Active and Democratic Citizenship Education and its Challenges in Social Studies Classrooms

Active and Democratic Citizenship Education and its Challenges in Social Studies Classrooms

Trajectory analysis of discrete goal-directed pointing movements: How many trials are needed for reliable data?

Gross Motor Skills in Children with Cerebral Palsy and Intellectual Disability

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