Examining Position Effects on Students’ Ability and Test-Taking Speed in the TIMSS 2019 Problem-Solving and Inquiry Tasks: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach
Joyce Xinle Liu,
Okan Bulut,
Matthew D. Johnson
Abstract:Position effects occur when changes in item positions on a test impact the test outcomes (e.g., item parameters or test scores). Previous studies found that position effects may vary by the testing context and conditions and thus affect each test-taker differently. With the increasing adoption of digital assessments involving innovative item types that are focused on problem-solving skills, it is also essential to study position effects within this context. This study incorporates item-level scores and screen-… Show more
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