Examining police officers’ perceptions of stress: the role of Person−environment fit

Rief, Rachael M.; Clinkinbeard, Samantha S.

doi:10.1108/pijpsm-02-2021-0034

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…Previous research has shown that cortisol levels are in uenced by individual personality characteristics [48,49] and physical health [50,51], which helps explain the relationship between CF and hair cortisol concentration. Additionally, previous studies have demonstrated a negative correlation between t levels and burnout [52] and turnover contemplation [53], and a positive correlation with job satisfaction [54]. Burnout [55] and satisfaction[56] are signi cant in uencing factors for the uctuate of cortisol in occupational population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between worker-occupation fit and cortisol concentration of hair and plasma among medical workers

Chen

Sun

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background With the transformation of job characteristics, Worker-occupation fit (WOF) is a significant protective factor for stress of workers. Cortisol is an essential hormone secreted by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and can fluctuate in the body under stress. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between WOF and cortisol among medical workers. Methods A total of 161 medical workers take part in this cross-sectional study and 156 data were finally included in the analysis. Occupational stress was measured by the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and WOF was surveyed by the Worker-Occupation Fit Inventory. The detection of hair and plasma cortisol concentration was carried out by automated Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Spearman correlation analysis and linear regression models after log transformation of data were used to analysis association between WOF and cortisol concentration of hair plasma among 156 Chinese medical workers. Results In this study, the hair cortisol concentration of female with high fit level was lower than that of women with low fit level (p = 0.025). The correlation analyses show that WOF was negative related to hair cortisol concentration (r=-0.185, p = 0.021), but not with plasma cortisol concentration (p > 0.05). The linear regression analysis show that WOF was negative associated with hair cortisol concentration in crude model (β=-0.192, p = 0.016) and adjusted model (β=-0.181, p = 0.022), but not with plasma cortisol concentration (p > 0.05). Conclusion WOF is negative correlated with hair cortisol concentration, but not with plasma cortisol concentration. The causal relationship between WOF and cortisol needs further exploration in future prospective study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between worker-occupation fit and cortisol concentration of hair and plasma among medical workers

Chen

Sun

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…, 2022; Noblet et al. , 2009; Paoline and Gau, 2020; Rief and Clinkinbeard, 2021; Shane, 2010). The impact of occupational stress extends beyond that of poor police performance and unfavorable orientations toward the job, as heightened stress can result in a variety of home troubles (e.g.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extant literature has noted the far-reaching consequences of work-based stress among police officers. A number of on-the-job deficiencies have been identified as a result of occupational stress including, but not limited to, accidents, citizen complaints, calling in sick, absenteeism, decreased organizational commitment, job dissatisfaction, cynicism, burnout and turnover intentions (Burke and Deszca, 1986;Ivie and Garland, 2011;Jermier et al, 1989;Lambert et al, 2022;Noblet et al, 2009;Paoline and Gau, 2020;Rief and Clinkinbeard, 2021;Shane, 2010). The impact of occupational stress extends beyond that of poor police performance and unfavorable orientations toward the job, as heightened stress can result in a variety of home troubles (e.g.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Officers experience elevated rates of mental and emotional distress (Mumford et al, 2015) as a result of exposure to a variety of street-and organizationallevel demands (Toch, 2002). The outcomes of stress are far reaching for police officers ranging from poor on-the-job performance and commitment (Rief and Clinkinbeard, 2021;Shane, 2010) to disruptions in home life (Waters and Ussery, 2007). Chronic stress also negatively impacts occupational members' mind and body, as researchers have documented damage to the brain (thus disrupting memory, cognition and mood regulation) and immune, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal systems (Yaribeygi et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Police stress: the role of occupational culture and officer characteristics

Paoline

Gau

2022

PIJPSM

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PurposeThe purpose of the current study was to augment the police culture and stress literature by empirically examining the impact of features of the internal and external work environment, as well as officer characteristics, on police officer stress.Design/methodology/approachThe current empirical inquiry utilized survey data collected from street-level officers in a mid-sized urban police department in a southern region of the United States (n = 349).FindingsThis study revealed that perceived danger, suspicion of citizens and cynicism toward the public increased police occupational stress, while support from supervisors mitigated it. In addition, Black and Latinx officers reported significantly less stress than their White counterparts.Research limitations/implicationsWhile this study demonstrates that patrol officers' perceptions of the external and internal work environments (and race/ethnicity) matter in terms of occupational stress, it is not without limitations. One limitation related to the generalizability of the findings, as results are gleaned from a single large agency serving a metropolitan jurisdiction in the Southeast. Second, this study focused on cultural attitudes and stress, although exact connections to behaviors are more speculative. Finally, the survey took place prior to the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and the killing of George Floyd (and others), which radically shook police–community relationships nationwide.Practical implicationsPolice administrators should be cognizant of the importance that views of them have for patrol officer stress levels. Moreover, police trainers and supervisors concerned with occupational stress of their subordinates should work toward altering assignments and socialization patterns so that officers are exposed to a variety of patrol areas, in avoiding prolonged assignments of high social distress.Originality/valueThe study augmented the police culture and stress literature by empirically uncovering the individual-level sources of patrol officers' job-related stress. This study builds off of Paoline and Gau's (2018) research using data collected some 15 years ago by examining a more contemporary, post–Ferguson, context.

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“…This theory states that stress of the employees are the result of his or her interaction with the environment. Rief and Clinkinbeard (2021) stated that according to the PE theory the stress of the employee of an organization is determined by the environment of that organization. According to Snyder et al (2018), in PE theory, stress occurs when the employee finds out the difference between their perception about the work environment and the actual environment (Edwards et al, 1998).…”

Section: Organizationalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of organizational environment in sustained organizational economic performance

Baloch

Maher

Iqbal

et al. 2021

BPMJ

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PurposeTherefore, this research study investigates the impact of business environment on the performance of the business organizations. (1) To understand the importance the environment in the success of the business entrepreneurship. (2) To explore the environmental factors that can affect the success of business entrepreneurship in Pakistan. (3) To establish relationship between the environmental factors and the sustained organizational performance of business entrepreneurships in Pakistan.Design/methodology/approachDrawing from the person–environment fit (PE fit) and the self-determination theory literature, this survey research study seeks to determine the impact of organizational environment upon sustained organizational economic performance. The main independent variable of the study encompasses its main three dimensions, i.e. leadership capacity, organizational culture and organizational politics. The dependent variable comprises the sustained economic performance of the organization. The research study hypothesized and tested a model in which the organizational environment (organizational culture, organizational politics and leadership) interplays with the organizational sustained performance.FindingsKeeping in view the outcomes of this research work the following implications can be drawn. A leader can yield maximum productivity of employees, if he/she has leadership capacity to provide directions, skilled to minimize the stress level of the employees and able to motivate them in achieving organizational goals. Therefore, capacity of leader to handle difficult situations and develop PE fit is the key to organizational success in current scenario. The study also revealed a positive effect of organizational culture on organizational performance. The culture of the organizations provides an environment of openness to think, share and contribute toward goals of the organization. It enables employees to express themselves, develop person-organization common goals with self-determination. The PE fit provides a platform to feel free, express their feelings and opinions, and contribute in the decision-making process of organizations. The involvement in organizational activities provide a sense of responsibility, ownership and motivation to produce better results for the organizations.Originality/valuePE fit perspective postulates that matching individual psychological needs and environmental supplies (provided by organization and society) generates positive attitudes and behaviors (Tepper et al., 2018). The effect between individuals and their environment is inherently reciprocal rather than a one-way effect (Goetz et al., 2021). The fundamental postulation support that the fit certainly improves performance, commitment and satisfaction of individuals in the context of organizations (De Cooman et al., 2019; Rau vola et al., 2020). Moreover, self-determination theory (SDT) is another perspective that emphasizes the attainment of autonomy, competence and relatedness in employees to outperform (Deci and Ryan, (2010). The self-determination theory revolves around the social-contextual conditions that support or obstruct the integral courses of self-motivation and psychological development, which will contribute toward organizational performance (Nazir et al., 2021).

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Examining police officers’ perceptions of stress: the role of Person−environment fit

Cited by 9 publications

References 64 publications

The relationship between worker-occupation fit and cortisol concentration of hair and plasma among medical workers

The relationship between worker-occupation fit and cortisol concentration of hair and plasma among medical workers

Police stress: the role of occupational culture and officer characteristics

Role of organizational environment in sustained organizational economic performance

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