Examining Intimate Partner Violence, Stress and Technology Use Among Young Adults

Carlson, Ryan G.; Fripp, Jessica A.; Cook, Christopher; Kelchner, Viki P.

doi:10.15241/rgc.5.3.365

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In line with previous research, Carlson, Fripp, Cook, and Kelchner () found that an imbalance in technology use between intimate partners is a risk factor for IPV. A more recent study found that adolescents in romantic relationships felt pressured to keep in contact with their partner via communication technologies (Agnew‐Brune, ).…”

Section: Technology‐facilitated Abuse/violence In Teen/young People'ssupporting

confidence: 87%

Technology and Family Violence in the Context of Post‐Separated Parenting

Markwick¹,

Bickerdike²,

Wilson‐Evered

et al. 2019

ANZ J of Family Therapy

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Whilst the advent of new and increasingly accessible communication technologies undoubtedly provides new, positive, and effective ways for individuals to communicate and connect with their communities, it simultaneously provides additional means and forums for perpetrators to abuse and harass their victims. Furthermore, such technologies enable perpetrators of family violence to overcome geographical boundaries and continue their abuse post-separation, particularly where there are children of the relationship. This paper reviews and classifies the existing literature on technology-facilitated abuse, identifying predominant themes in relation to context and focus, as well as the gaps. New forms of criminality as well as new ways to perpetrate existing forms of criminality are described. Key Points1 Current technologies provide perpetrators of family violence with new ways of abusing, controlling, stalking, and harassing their partners. In particular, such technologies allow ex-partners to overcome geographical boundaries so they can perpetrate abuse after separation, particularly where there are children. 2 Technology-facilitated abuse erodes the boundaries between public and private and can have far more sinister, insidious, and far-reaching effects. 3 Different technologies are used strategically for different purposes in the perpetration of abuse. Social media platforms are commonly used to humiliate, punish, and stalk victims, while text-based technologies are used to harass and verbally abuse victims. 4 Whilst some forms of technology make existing forms of stalking and harassment of victims easier, others such as social media have allowed a new form of criminality to emerge, whereby the private and intimate are subject to the purview of an inestimable number of strangers who are often motivated to 'join in' the victimisation and abuse. 5 The overwhelming theme in the literature with respect to a perpetrator's agenda in relation to the use of technology is the creation of a sense of omnipresence over their victim's daily life. 6 There is limited qualitative and longitudinal research that focuses on the use of technology by perpetrators of family violence post-separation where there are children of the relationship.Erosion of the private-public division has been enabled by social media, allowing a new kind of criminality to emerge whereby the private and the intimate are subject to the purview of an inestimable numbers of strangers. At the same time, technologies such as text and email, more akin to traditional forms of communication, have provided perpetrators with easier and more insidious ways to perform existing crimes such as stalking and harassment. Another common theme identified in the literature relates to the specific motives of perpetrators in using various technologies. Whilst

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Section: Technology‐facilitated Abuse/violence In Teen/young People'ssupporting

confidence: 87%

Technology and Family Violence in the Context of Post‐Separated Parenting

Markwick¹,

Bickerdike²,

Wilson‐Evered

et al. 2019

ANZ J of Family Therapy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A lack of significant relationship between CDA victimization and other well-being domains, such as stress and relationship satisfaction, is consistent with previous research. There is prior evidence that no association exists between stress and CDA victimization (Carlson et al, 2015). Although no specific studies have investigated associations between CDA victimization and relationship satisfaction, even evidence of an association between in-person IPV victimization and relationship satisfaction is mixed (e.g., Amanor-Boadu et al, 2011; Kaura & Lohman, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is some evidence that, even when controlling for other victimization experiences, alcohol use continues to be related to CDA victimization among emerging adults (Bennett, Guran, Ramos, & Margolin, 2011). Other studies have reported a lack of relationship between CDA victimization and general stress without controlling for in-person IPV victimization among emerging adults (Carlson, Fripp, Cook, & Kelchner, 2015). Thus, it appears that CDA may have some associations with psychosocial functioning, but it remains unclear exactly to what extent CDA victimization may have a unique association beyond other forms of victimization.…”

Section: Cda Victimization and Psychosocial Functioningmentioning

confidence: 95%

Cyber Dating Abuse Victimization: Links With Psychosocial Functioning

Duerksen

Woodin

2019

J Interpers Violence

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It is well established that technology can be used to enact intimate partner violence (IPV). However, less is known about how cyber dating abuse (CDA) is associated with psychosocial functioning, especially when accounting for other forms of frequently co-occurring IPV victimization. The current study sought to determine the unique associations of CDA victimization when controlling for multiple forms of in-person IPV victimization. Two hundred seventy-eight men and women between 17 and 25 years of age ( M = 20.5, SD = 1.9) who were currently in an intimate relationship for at least 3 months participated in this study. Participants completed questionnaires about their IPV and CDA victimization, as well as a range of indices of psychosocial well-being. Experiencing CDA victimization was related to increased alcohol use for both men and women, and increased fear of partner for women, even after controlling for in-person IPV. For depression, perceived stress, relationship satisfaction, quality of life, social support, and post-traumatic stress, CDA victimization did not predict levels above in-person IPV victimization. Although these results suggest some unique associations between CDA victimization and aspects of psychosocial well-being that require further attention, they also highlight that CDA often occurs within a broader pattern of abuse that includes in-person IPV. These results suggest that the need for prevention and treatment for relationships that involve in-person abuse is still most salient, and that a narrow focus on CDA may limit the utility of prevention and treatment efforts. Further work is needed to integrate research on in-person and CDA victimization, rather than to create a new field of research and practice based solely on CDA.

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“…However, the relationship between IPVAW, technologies, and young people seems more complex. A study conducted by Carlson et al (2015) among undergraduate and graduate students aged 18 to 25 years found that those who perceived their partner to use technology more (i.e., monitor, embarrass, make them feel bad, control, argue) were also the ones at less risk to suffer violence. This supports the idea that younger generations may use technology to communicate differently when compared with the older population, and that it may be a requirement for young adult relationships to do so in order not to increase tension in the couple (Carlson et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, a further possible explanation for the high prevalence of IPVAW among younger people is that they belong to a generation—mostly millennials and Generation Z—whose use of technology, as compared to other generations, may facilitate or create new ways of experiencing and perpetrating IPVAW (Carlson et al, 2015; Dimond et al, 2011; Duerksen & Woodin, 2019; Marganski & Melander, 2018; Stonard, 2021; Woodlock, 2017). IPVAW has been related to digital technologies, not only because they provide a wider range of ways in which the perpetrator can exert control over the victim, but also because they make it difficult to set boundaries within an intimate relationship in terms of digital privacy or to erase the abuser from one’s life when social circles online are shared (Carlson et al, 2015; Dimond et al, 2011; Duerksen & Woody, 2019; Freed et al, 2017; Marganski & Melander, 2018; Stonard, 2021; Woodlock, 2017). However, the relationship between IPVAW, technologies, and young people seems more complex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in Young Adulthood: Is Prevention Failing?

Gracia

García-Senlle

Martín-Fernández

et al. 2023

J Interpers Violence

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In the last decades, prevention measures have been taken globally to reduce the high prevalence of intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) in our societies. As a consequence, a gradual reduction in the prevalence of IPVAW in the younger generations should be expected. However, international prevalence data suggest that this is not the case. In the present study, we aim to compare IPVAW-prevalence rates across age groups in the adult population in Spain. We used data from the Spanish 2019 national survey based on 9,568 interviews with women, reporting IPVAW in three time periods: lifetime, the last 4 years, and the last year. To ensure accurate comparisons of IPVAW-prevalence rates across age groups, we first examined the psychometric properties, and measurement invariance of the set of questions addressing the different types of IPVAW (i.e., physical, sexual, psychological) in this survey. Results supported a three-factor latent structure addressing psychological, physical, and sexual IPVAW, showing high-internal consistency and validity evidence. For lifetime prevalence, the youngest age groups (18–24 years) were those with the highest latent mean in psychological and physical IPVAW, with those aged 25 to 34 years having the highest score in sexual IPVAW. Women aged 18 to 24 years showed the highest factor scores in the three types of violence during the last 4 years and during the last year. A number of potential explanatory hypotheses are proposed to better understand the high prevalence of IPVAW among younger generations. The reason why IPVAW prevalence remains alarmingly high among young women, despite the preventive measures taken in recent years, is a research question that remains open. Prevention efforts should target younger generations if IPVAW is to be eradicated in the long term. However, this goal will only be achieved if those prevention efforts prove to be effective.

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Examining Intimate Partner Violence, Stress and Technology Use Among Young Adults

Cited by 8 publications

References 42 publications

Technology and Family Violence in the Context of Post‐Separated Parenting

Technology and Family Violence in the Context of Post‐Separated Parenting

Cyber Dating Abuse Victimization: Links With Psychosocial Functioning

High Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in Young Adulthood: Is Prevention Failing?

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