Examining Evident Interdisciplinarity Among Prides of Lion Researchers

Montgomery, Robert A.; Elliott, Kevin C.; Hayward, Matt W.; Gray, Steven M.; Millspaugh, Joshua J.; Riley, Shawn J.; Kissui, Bernard M.; Kramer, Daniel; Moll, Remington J.; Mudumba, Tutilo; Tans, Eric; Muneza, Arthur B.; Abade, Leandro; Beck, Jacalyn M.; Hoffmann, Claire F.; Booher, Charlie R.; Macdonald, David W.

doi:10.3389/fevo.2018.00049

Cited by 30 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(119 reference statements)

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“…Although nearly 28% of identified papers focused on the human aspects of HCC, first listed affiliations by individuals did not specify explicit training or background in the social sciences, potentially indicating that co‐authors are performing research outside their primary disciplines. We recognize that our proxy of co‐author affiliations may not completely capture the expertise of an individual and that competency in these disciplines can be obtained through unreported training and experience, but similar patterns showing a lack of interdisciplinary research were noted in a review of human‐lion conflict (Montgomery et al ., ). Reluctance to engage in interdisciplinary research may be primarily related to philosophical differences among disciplines and the length of the research process (Campbell, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…An alternative method to assess the disciplinary make‐up of HCC research is using co‐author affiliations as a measure of represented disciplines, assuming that each co‐author makes a substantial contribution to the overall research (Schummer, ). Although coarse, these methods have been effectively applied in similar efforts to assess interdisciplinary collaboration in conservation research ( sensu Montgomery et al ., ). We quantified co‐authors using departmental affiliations and assigned them to one of 12 categories (Table ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In addition, increased human population growth near protected area boundaries in this region and in Africa more broadly, are anticipated to exacerbate human‐carnivore conflict (Wittemyer et al ., ). For these reasons, East Africa has been a focus of HCC research (Montgomery et al ., ). However, despite this research, populations of many carnivore species continue to decline and high rates of HCC persist (Di Marco et al ., ; Ripple et al ., ; Bauer et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Research‐implementation gap limits the actionability of human‐carnivore conflict studies in East Africa

Gray

Booher

Elliott

et al. 2019

Animal Conservation

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Conflict with humans is one of the primary reasons why large carnivore populations are declining worldwide. Rates of human-carnivore conflict (HCC) are particularly high in East Africa, where human settlements tend to surround protected areas, maximizing potential for human-carnivore interactions. Despite extensive HCC research in this region, HCC persists and carnivore populations continue to decline. Evident disconnects between HCC research and conservation action, management practices and policy formation have been cited as mechanisms associated with these trends. We conducted a literature review to determine the extent to which HCC research in East Africa is actionable within the context of management and policy formation. We evaluated 36 papers for co-production, interdisciplinary collaboration, applied or theoretical publication and stakeholder engagement. Many were published by co-authors in academia (63.8%) and collaborative efforts between academics and non-governmental organizations (25.0%), with limited representation outside these sectors. Collaboration with disciplines outside the natural sciences, specifically the social and political sciences (both 2.8%), was also uncommon although humans were the primary topic of study in 28% of papers. Moreover, while many papers were published in applied journals (86%), few explicitly stated policy and management objectives. Stakeholder engagement was mostly in the form of surveys and questionnaires rather than direct involvement in the research process. Our review indicates that HCC research currently lacks strong evidence of actionability and we provide recommendations for improving the practical salience of conservation research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Research‐implementation gap limits the actionability of human‐carnivore conflict studies in East Africa

Gray

Booher

Elliott

et al. 2019

Animal Conservation

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“…Carnivores have long held the fascination of wildlife managers, governments and the civil society (Treves andKaranth 2003, Smith et al 2012). But they also present complicated conservation paradigms because of their negative interactions with people (Ripple et al 2014, Montgomery et al 2018; although, wild canids and hyenas in India are generally not associated with major threats to human life or property (as compared to other large carnivores; see Srivathsa et al 2019). At present, wildlife monitoring in India predominantly involves national estimation of tigers and their prey, Asiatic lion, Asian elephant and one-horned rhinoceros populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities for prioritizing and expanding conservation enterprise in India using a guild of carnivores as flagships

Srivathsa

Majgaonkar

Sharma

et al. 2020

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Conservation interventions in developing countries are frequently thwarted by socio-economic agendas, severely limiting the scope and rigor of biodiversity and habitat conservation. Very few ecological assessments incorporate human interests in conservation prioritization, creating asynchrony between planning and implementation. For conservation actions to be logistically feasible, multiple criteria including ecological, social, economic and administrative aspects must be considered. Understanding how these different dimensions interact spatially is also important for gauging the potential for conservation success. Here, we use a guild of select mammalian carnivores (wild canids and hyenas) in India to (i) generate distribution maps at the spatial scale of administrative sub-districts, that are relevant to management, (ii) examine ecological, social and biogeographic factors associated with their distribution, assess key threats, and identify areas important for their conservation, (iii) use prioritization tools for balancing habitat conservation, human needs and economic growth, and (iv) evaluate the spatial congruence between areas with high conservation potential, and areas currently in focus for protection efforts, conservation investments, and infrastructure development. We find that the current Protected Area system does not adequately cover or represent diverse habitats, that there is immense potential for States to increase financial investments towards alternative conservation strategies, and, most infrastructure projects may be potentially jeopardizing important carnivore habitats where the two overlap. Our framework allowed for identifying locations where conservation investments would lead to the highest benefits for carnivores as flagships, which also benefit other species across habitats. We make a case for re-evaluating how large-scale prioritization assessments are made, and for broadening the purview of conservation policies in India and other developing countries.

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“…Carnivores have long held the fascination of wildlife managers, governments and the civil society (Treves & Karanth 2003; Smith et al 2012). But they also present complicated conservation paradigms because of their negative interactions with people (Ripple et al 2014; Montgomery et al 2018); although, wild canids and hyenas in India are generally not associated with major threats to human life or property (Srivathsa et al 2019). At present, wildlife monitoring in India predominantly involves national estimation of tiger–prey, Asiatic lion, Asian elephant and one-horned rhinoceros populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunities for prioritizing and expanding conservation enterprise in India using carnivores as flagships

Srivathsa

Majgaonkar

Sharma

et al. 2020

Preprint

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33Conservation interventions in developing countries are frequently thwarted by socio-economic 34 agendas, severely limiting the scope and rigor of biodiversity and habitat conservation. Very few 35 ecological assessments incorporate human interests in conservation prioritization, creating 36 asynchrony between planning and implementation. For conservation actions to be logistically 37 feasible, multiple criteria including ecological, social, economic and administrative aspects must 38 be considered. Understanding how these different dimensions interact spatially is also important 39 for gauging the potential for conservation success. Here, we use a guild of select mammalian 40 carnivores in India to (i) generate distribution maps at a spatial scale that is relevant to 41 management, (ii) examine ecological, social and biogeographic factors associated with their 42 distribution, quantify key threats, and identify areas critical for their conservation, (iii) use 43 prioritization tools for balancing habitat conservation, human needs and economic growth, and 44 (iv) evaluate the spatial congruence between areas with high conservation potential, and areas 45 currently in focus for protection efforts, conservation investments, and infrastructure 46 development. We find that the current Protected Area system does not adequately cover or 47 48 investments towards alternative conservation strategies, and, most infrastructure projects may be 49 putting important carnivore habitats at risk. Our framework allowed for identifying locations 50 where conservation investments would lead to the highest dividends for flagship carnivores and 51 associated species across habitats. We make a case for re-evaluating how large-scale 52 prioritization assessments are made, and for broadening the purview of conservation policies in 53 India and other developing countries. 54 55 56

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Examining Evident Interdisciplinarity Among Prides of Lion Researchers

Cited by 30 publications

References 78 publications

Research‐implementation gap limits the actionability of human‐carnivore conflict studies in East Africa

Research‐implementation gap limits the actionability of human‐carnivore conflict studies in East Africa

Opportunities for prioritizing and expanding conservation enterprise in India using a guild of carnivores as flagships

Opportunities for prioritizing and expanding conservation enterprise in India using carnivores as flagships

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