“…All of these requirements should be supported by batteries with good cycling performance, high capacity, small size, and more safety. − Compared with traditional rechargeable batteries, aluminum batteries are becoming a strong contender for the next generation of energy storage batteries. This is due to the abundant aluminum reserves on earth (82,000 ppm) and high theoretical specific capacity (8046 mA h cm –3 , vs Li 2062 mA h cm –3 ), safety, and other advantages. − Although there have been many breakthroughs and developments in aluminum battery systems, ,,− there are still many limitations and problems in the existing aluminum batteries. For example, the stability of cathode materials in the acidic ionic electrolyte is directly related to the cycle performance of the battery. ,− …”