Examination of the molecular nature of low-molecular-mass chromium(III) ions in isolated osteoarthritic knee-joint synovial fluid

1H NMR investigation of normal and osteoarthritic synovial fluid in the horse

“…In humans, 1 HN MR spectroscopy allows earlyd ifferentiald iagnosis between rheumatoid arthritis andosteoarthritis (OA) (6-9) andithas recentlybeen employedto detectm anyi ons complexed-molecules in human synovial fluid (10)(11)(12)(13). In veterinary science, moststudieshavebeen carriedout on dogs (14)(15)(16)(17).…”

High‐resolution 1H NMR investigations of the capacity of dentifrices containing a “smart” bioactive glass to influence the metabolic profile of and deliver calcium ions to human saliva

“…In addition to the previously documented influence of added Ca 2+ ions on the 1 H NMR resonances of salivary citrate,39 spectral titration of human salivary supernatants with increasing concentrations of this metal ion revealed further modifications to the 1 H NMR profiles of this biofluid, specifically reductions in the intensities, increases in the line‐widths and/or changes in the chemical shift values of a series of common salivary biomolecule resonances, including those of succinate, pyruvate, lactate, 3‐ D ‐hydroxybutyrate, and low‐molecular‐mass N ‐acetylsugar species [the release of positively charged choline from macromolecular (e.g., protein) binding sites was also notable]. These modifications to the salivary 1 H NMR resonances are key features, which provide valuable evidence for the involvement of their corresponding biomolecules in the complexation/chelation of this added metal ion, as noted in our previous investigations 39, 48–52. Moreover, the “speciation” of Ca 2+ in this biofluid represents a phenomenon of much relevance to demineralization/remineralization processes and the pathogenesis of oral diseases in general.…”

“…These modifications to the salivary 1 H NMR resonances are key features, which provide valuable evidence for the involvement of their corresponding biomolecules in the complexation/chelation of this added metal ion, as noted in our previous investigations. 39,[48][49][50][51][52] Moreover, the ''speciation'' of Ca 21 in this biofluid represents a phenomenon of much relevance to demineralization/remineralization processes and the pathogenesis of oral diseases in general. Indeed, the extent of salivary biomolecule saturation with Ca 21 is of critical importance to tooth enamel erosion (superficial losses of dental hard tissue via a chemical process that is independent of microbial activity), the basic mechanism of which involves a decrease in the degree of saturation of the fluid surrounding the enamel with respect to calcium phosphate species.…”

“…Typically, 0.60 ml of each sample was placed in a 5-mm diameter NMR tube, and 0.10 ml of a 2. 50 RD-(908-t 1 -spin lock)-ACQ, 40 908 on the Avance AX-600 spectrometer being equivalent to 8.4 ls for these experiments. The spin-lock used the MLEV-17 sequence, 41 with a typical mixing time of 70 ms (for experiments in which a restriction of carbon chain correlations was required, this mixing time was only 20 ms).…”

Electrokinetic removal of aluminum and chromium from industrial wastewater electrocoagulation treatment sludge

“…(3) Cr(III)-acetate. This complexation has been studied by Silwood and Grootveld [50] using equilibrium constants obtained by Tedesco and Quintana [51] for an ionic strength at 0.1 M (only). Actually, Cr 3+ ions can be complexed by acetate with one, two or three anions, leading, respectively, to the formation of Cr(Ac) ++ , Cr(Ac) þ 2 and Cr(Ac) 3 .…”