Examination of sulfur forms in coal by direct pyrolysis and chemiluminescence detection

Xu, Xian Lun

doi:10.1016/0016-2361(95)00103-c

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Many assistances and pioneering strategies have been acquainted with meeting the challenge of improving the estimation accuracy. Some of the major methods which were being used for determining the sulfur content of coal are as follows: Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography [34,35], X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy (XANES), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) [36], X-ray diffraction (XRD) [37], energydispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) [38], visible Spectrophotometry (VIS) [39], inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) [40], laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) [41][42][43][44], thermogravimetric-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-FTIR) [45], and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) [46][47][48][49][50]. All these methods have their own advantages and limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Estimation of Sulfur Content in High-Ash Indian Coal Using Mid-Infrared FTIR Data

et al. 2023

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High-ash Indian coals are primarily used as thermal coal in power plants and industries. Due to the presence of sulfur in thermal coal, flue gas is a major environmental concern. Conventional methods (Ultimate Analysis of Coal) for sulfur content estimation are time-consuming, relatively costly, and destructive. In this study, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has emerged as a promising alternative method for the rapid and nondestructive analysis of the sulfur content in coal. In the present study, the actual sulfur content in the coal samples was determined using Ultimate Analysis (CHNS analyzer). In contrast, mid-infrared FTIR spectroscopic data (4000–400 cm−1) were used to analyze the functional groups related to sulfur or its compounds in the coal samples to predict the sulfur content. A comparison of sulfur estimated using a CHNS analyzer and predicted using mid-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) data shows that it can accurately predict sulfur content in high-ash Indian coals using the piecewise linear regression method (Quasi-Newton, QN). The proposed FTIR-based sulfur prediction model showed a coefficient of determination (R2) of up to 0.93, where the total no. of samples (Coal + KBr pellets, n) was 126 (using 17:1 split, K-fold cross validation). The root-mean-square error (RMSE, wt.%) is 0.0035, mean bias error (MBE, wt.%) is −0.0003, MBE (%) is 3.31% and mean absolute error (MAE, wt.%) is 0.0020. The two-tailed t-test and F-test for mean and variance indicated no significant difference between the pair of values of observed sulfur (SCHNS, wt.%) using CHNS data and the model predicted sulfur (SFTIR, wt.%) using FTIR data. The prediction model using mid-infrared FTIR spectroscopy data and the Quasi-Newton method with a breakpoint and loss function performs well for coal samples from the Johilla Coalfield, Umaria. Thus, it can be a valuable tool for analyzing sulfur in other ash-rich coals from various basins worldwide.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Estimation of Sulfur Content in High-Ash Indian Coal Using Mid-Infrared FTIR Data

et al. 2023

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“…To solve some of these problems, sulfur-selective detectors are widely applied because they allow a straightforward quantification of sulfur-containing hydrocarbons. Several types of sulfur detection methods exist, such as sulfur chemiluminescence detection (SCD), , atomic emission detection (AED) ,, and flame photometric detection (FPD) . The main advantage of SCD and AED detectors is that the response is more or less linear and equimolar to the amount of sulfur, which bypasses the need for calibration of these detectors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Analysis of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons/Polyaromatic Sulfur-Containing Hydrocarbons (PAH/PASH) in Complex Matrices

Dijkmans

Djokic

Marin

2014

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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A new gas chromatographic method has been developed that is able to quantify polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and polycyclic aromatic sulfur-containing hydrocarbons (PASH) up to four rings. The method combines the power of both flame ionization detection (FID) and sulfur chemiluminescence detection (SCD) in series on a single comprehensive twodimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC) system and provides mass fractions of compounds separated by carbon number n (C n H x S y ) and class. In addition to PAH and PASH separation, the method is extended toward nonaromatic and monoaromatic (sulfur-containing) compounds (paraffins, naphthenes, monoaromatics, thiols, sulfides, disulfides, and thiophenes). The 95% confidence interval is doubled when a single injection technique is used instead of a more-accurate double injection technique. A flexible correction procedure that combines the advantages of the two-dimensional separation of GC × GC and its ability to easily define overlapping groups between the FID and the SCD chromatograms is applied. The method is validated using theoretical reference mixtures and is applied on three commercial gas oils with sulfur content from 0.16 wt % up to 1.34 wt %. The repeatability is good, with an average of 3.4%, which is in the same range as the much more expensive Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance−mass spectroscopy (FTICR-MS) technique.

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Azaarenes and Thiaarenes

Herod¹

1998

The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry

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Examination of sulfur forms in coal by direct pyrolysis and chemiluminescence detection

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Rapid Estimation of Sulfur Content in High-Ash Indian Coal Using Mid-Infrared FTIR Data

Rapid Estimation of Sulfur Content in High-Ash Indian Coal Using Mid-Infrared FTIR Data

Combined Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Analysis of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons/Polyaromatic Sulfur-Containing Hydrocarbons (PAH/PASH) in Complex Matrices

Azaarenes and Thiaarenes

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