Examination of preschool children for ametropia: First experiences using a new hand-held autorefractor

Büchner, T.; Schnorbus, U.; Grenzebach, Ulrike; Busse, H.

doi:10.1080/09273970490517854

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Compared to some previous studies, the measurement success rate of 89% for high confidence measurements in this age range is low 4,10,13,18. However, it is likely that this is due to the relatively large number of children in this sample (11%) who had astigmatism beyond the instrument's upper measurement range.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

“…This is somewhat greater than reported previously 2–4,16. Results of the present study also indicated that measurement accuracy varied by amount of astigmatism present, indicating that applying a simple “correction” to elimnate measurement bias is not likely to significantly increase overall accuracy.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

“…The Welch Allyn SureSight has been used to measure refractive error in infants and young children with some success 4,10–19. However, one restriction of the SureSight is that the upper limit for measurement of astigmatism is only 3.00 D, although the instrument does provide an “out of range” indication if the astigmatism is beyond its scale of measurement.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accuracy of the Welch Allyn SureSight for measurement of magnitude of astigmatism in 3- to 7-year-old children

Harvey¹,

Dobson²,

Miller³

et al. 2009

Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and

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Purpose-To evaluate the accuracy of the Welch Allyn SureSight in noncycloplegic measurements of astigmatism as compared to cycloplegic Retinomax K+ autorefractor measurements of astigmatism in children from a Native American population with a high prevalence of high astigmatism.Methods-Data are reported for 825 3-to 7-year-old children with no ocular abnormalities. Each child had a Retinomax K+ cycloplegic measurement of right eye astigmatism with a confidence rating ≥8 and 3 attempts to obtain a SureSight measurement on the right eye.Results-SureSight measurement success rates did not differ significantly across age or measurement confidence rating (<6 vs ≥6). Ninety-six percent of children had at least 1 measurement (any confidence), and 89% had at least 1 measurement with confidence at the manufacturer's recommended value (≥6). Overall, the SureSight tended to overestimate astigmatism. If the SureSight measurement had any dioptric value (0.00 D to 3.00 D), astigmatism of 2.00 D or less was likely to be present. If the SureSight showed astigmatism beyond the instrument's dioptric range (>3.00 D), Retinomax K+ measurements indicated that >2.00 D of astigmatism was present in 136 of 157 (86.6%). In cooperative children for whom the SureSight would not give a reading, 32 of 34 (94%) had >3.00 D of astigmatism. Conclusions-TheSureSight does not provide an accurate, quantitative measure of amount of astigmatism. However, it does allow accurate categorization of amount of astigmatism as ≤2.00 D, >2.00 D, or >3.00 D, and it has high measurement success rate in young children.Handheld autorefractors have the potential to be useful tools for measurement of refractive error in infants, toddlers, and preschoolers in both screening and research settings. However, when used without cycloplegia, autorefractors tend to have high variability across subjects in accuracy of sphere measurements in children, 1-5 thus eliminating the feasibility of simply applying a single factor to correct for the overestimation of myopia/underestimation of hyperopia that occurs in the absence of cycloplegia. Ste. 108, Tucson, AZ 85711 (emharvey@u.arizona.edu).. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.The authors have no financial interest in any of the tests used in this study. In contrast, while some studies report significant differences between cycloplegic and noncycloplegic measures of astigmatism, these differences tend to be of minimal clinical significance. 1-8 Therefore, non-cycloplegic autorefraction may be useful in measuring astigmatism in infants and toddlers, in both screening...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accuracy of the Welch Allyn SureSight for measurement of magnitude of astigmatism in 3- to 7-year-old children

Harvey¹,

Dobson²,

Miller³

et al. 2009

Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and

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“…16 Çalışmamızda kullanılan Welch Allyn Sure Sight el otorefraktometrisinin en önemli özelliklerinden biri sikloplejisiz refraktif kusurların tespit edilebileceği yönünde idi. [17][18][19][20][21][22] Adams ve ark., 2-12 ay yaş grubundaki 74 çocuk üzerinde yapmış olduğu çalışmada, sikloplejisiz silindirik ölçüm değerlerinin bu yaş grubunun sikloplejili retinoskopi değerleri ile uyumlu olduğu ama sferik ölçümlerin %17'sinde tespit edilen değerlerin olması gerekenden ortalama 1D az olduğunu göstermişlerdir. 17 Buchner ve ark., 3-5 yaş grubu çocuklarda yaptıkları bir diğer çalışmada ise WASS'ın ölçümleri ile sikloplejili retinoskopi sferik ölçümlerin %18,2'sinde 0,5 ve daha az fark bulunurken, bu oran silindirik değerlerde %82,1 idi.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Silindirik değerlerin aks ölçümleri de %66,6 oranında retinoskobik değerler ile uyumlu idi. 18 Bunun yanı sıra Steele ve ark., 3-5 yaş arası 35 olgu üzerinde sikloplejili sağlandıktan sonra WASS, Retinomax Plusoptix ve retinoskopi ile ölçülen refraktif değerlerin karşılaştırılması sonucunda iki farklı el otorefraktometresi ve altın standart olan retinoskopi arasında orta derecede bir uyum tespit edilmiş, bunun nedeni olarak da ölçülebilen değerlerin sınırlılığı ileri sürülmüştür. 19 Cordonnier ve ark., aynı yaş gurubunda sikloplejisiz yapılan WASS ve Retinomax 1 ölçümlerini dilatasyon sonrası Topcon RMA 6000 cihazı ile karşılaştırmışlardır.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Welch Allyn SureSight Autorefractometer Measurements in Photopic and Scotopic Conditions in Children Aged 1-5 Years

Aslan¹,

Eliacik²,

Erdur³

et al. 2016

Turkiye Klinikleri J Ophthalmol

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Utility of an open field Shack-Hartmann aberrometer for measurement of refractive error in infants and young children

Harvey

Miller

Schwiegerling

2013

Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and

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PURPOSE To assess the utility of an open-field Shack-Hartmann aberrometer for measurement of refractive error without cycloplegia in infants and young children. METHOD Data included 2698 subject encounters with Native American infants and children aged 6 months to <8 years. We attempted right eye measurements without cycloplegia using the pediatric wavefront evaluator (PeWE) on all participants while they viewed near (50 cm) and distant (2 m) fixation targets. Cycloplegic autorefraction (Rmax [Nikon Retinomax K-plus2]) measurements were obtained for children aged ≥3 years. RESULTS The success rates of noncycloplegic PeWE measurement for near (70%) and distant targets (56%) significantly improved with age. Significant differences in mean spherical equivalent (M) across near versus distant fixation target conditions were consistent with the difference in accommodative demand. Differences in astigmatism measurements for near versus distant target conditions were not clinically significant. Noncycloplegic PeWE and cycloplegic Rmax measurements of M and astigmatism were strongly correlated. Mean noncycloplegic PeWE M was significantly more myopic or less hyperopic and astigmatism measurements tended to be greater in magnitude compared with cycloplegic Rmax. CONCLUSIONS The PeWE tended to overestimate myopia and underestimate hyperopia when cycloplegia was not used. The PeWE is useful for measuring accommodation and astigmatism.

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Examination of preschool children for ametropia: First experiences using a new hand-held autorefractor

Cited by 18 publications

References 4 publications

Accuracy of the Welch Allyn SureSight for measurement of magnitude of astigmatism in 3- to 7-year-old children

Accuracy of the Welch Allyn SureSight for measurement of magnitude of astigmatism in 3- to 7-year-old children

Welch Allyn SureSight Autorefractometer Measurements in Photopic and Scotopic Conditions in Children Aged 1-5 Years

Utility of an open field Shack-Hartmann aberrometer for measurement of refractive error in infants and young children

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