Examination of modern and traditional applications in hazelnut production

Abstract

Hazelnut production in Turkey, which is carried out in a land area of approximately 700 thousand hectares and yields ~600 thousand tons per year of in shell nuts, makes up about 70% of world hazelnut production. Turkey is followed by Italy, Georgia, USA, Azerbaijan, China, Iran, Spain, respectively, in terms of major hazelnut producing countries. Italy is the second largest hazelnut producing country with a production area of 70 thousand hectares. Its share of world production is approximately 10%. Spain is one other main hazelnut producing country with 14 thousand tons per year. A new European ERASMUS + Project "Examination of modern and traditional applications in hazelnut production" was prepared highlighting a "Cooperation for Innovation and the Exchange of Good Practices". Four partners from Turkey (Ordu Commercial Excange, Ordu University, Ordu Governor and Altınordu Chamber of Agriculture), one from Italy (Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo), and one from Spain (IRTA-Mas de Bover, Tarragona) are involved in this EU project. The most fundamental problem in hazelnut is low quality and low yield according to the World trade union. Accordingly, teaching new methods to the farmers by sharing the best practices with vocational training in Turkey, Italy and Spain, which enjoy the highest shares in hazelnut culture, would make great contributions to this issue. At the same time, this would also provide policy makers with new ideas. Farmers learning appropriate agricultural methods and implementing them would increase hazelnut production and improve fruit quality. The expected goals of the project are to develop cooperation between the institutions, increase hazelnut quality and productivity, learn and adopt new farming methods, plant a pilot orchard, draft a hazelnut booklet, increase the communication between farmers, and share the best practices among three countries. At the end of the project, the outputs obtained will be disseminated to all hazelnut sectors.

Investigation of Hazelnut Husk Combustion by using A Novel Non-linear Kinetic Model through Thermogravimetric Analysis

“…This study focusses on to specify combustion mechanism and kinetics of hazelnut husk. Selection of hazelnut husk maintains the great importance because Turkey is the leading area for production [33,34]. Thus, residues of the hazelnut can be obtained plenty amount as agricultural waste from Black Sea and northwest of Marmara Regions in Turkey [35].…”

Morphological Traits and Chemical Composition of Hazelnut from Different Geographical Origins: A Review

“…Nut characteristics vary between cultivars and are highly dependent on the genotype, agricultural techniques and environmental factors in the different plantation areas. Some cultivars, such as Tonda Gentile della Langhe, show lower adaptability to different climate areas, therefore, it is important to emphasize the usefulness, characteristics, and evaluation of cultivars in various areas [28,[41][42][43][44][45][46]. However, identification based on traditional morphological traits may be difficult due to environmental factors [22], although certain factors should be considered.…”

The Effect of Different Priming Applications on The Germination of Seeds of Some Hazelnut Cultivars

“…Hazelnut bush cultivation system is widespread, particularly in Turkey and the Mediterranean region (Silvestri et al 2021) while single-stem cultivation system has recently been discovered to produce greater yield and fruit qualities due to less labor. On the other hand bush cultivation system has long been preferred since it renews itself with orchard bottom shoots and prevents erosion (İslam et al 2019;Karata et al 2017).…”