Examination of four methods for measuring soil respiration

Bekku, Yukiko; Koizumi, Hiroshi; Oikawa, Teruki; Iwaki, Hideo

doi:10.1016/s0929-1393(96)00131-x

Cited by 118 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…We recalculated the mean Rs flux and its CV in each biome and found that the global mean (site-based) Rs flux increased slightly from 0.817 kgC/m 2 /yr to 0.845 kgC/m 2 /yr, suggesting that the impact of the chemical absorption (CA) method on estimating global mean Rs is minor. Previous studies showed that the CA method generally underestimates the Rs under high respiration rates and overestimates Rs under low respiration rates (Ewel et al, 1987;Rochette et al, 1992;Nay et al, 1994;Bekku et al, 1997;Norman et al, 1997;Knoepp and Vose, 2002). Our results suggest that the errors of the CA method might cancel out in estimating global mean Rs flux.…”

Section: Spatial and Temporal Distribution Of Rs Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Contribution of soil respiration to the global carbon equation

Shang

2016

Journal of Plant Physiology

149

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a b s t r a c tSoil respiration (Rs) is the second largest carbon flux next to GPP between the terrestrial ecosystem (the largest organic carbon pool) and the atmosphere at a global scale. Given their critical role in the global carbon cycle, Rs measurement and modeling issues have been well reviewed in previous studies. In this paper, we briefly review advances in soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition processes and the factors affecting Rs. We examine the spatial and temporal distribution of Rs measurements available in the literature and found that most of the measurements were conducted in North America, Europe, and East Asia, with major gaps in Africa, East Europe, North Asia, Southeast Asia, and Australia, especially in dry ecosystems. We discuss the potential problems of measuring Rs on slope soils and propose using obliquely-cut soil collars to solve the existing problems. We synthesize previous estimates of global Rs flux and find that the estimates ranged from 50 PgC/yr to 98 PgC/yr and the error associated with each estimation was also high (4 PgC/yr to 33.2 PgC/yr). Using a newly integrated database of Rs measurements and the MODIS vegetation map, we estimate that the global annual Rs flux is 94.3 PgC/yr with an estimation error of 17.9 PgC/yr at a 95% confidence level. The uneven distribution of Rs measurements limits our ability to improve the accuracy of estimation. Based on the global estimation of Rs flux, we found that Rs is highly correlated with GPP and NPP at the biome level, highlighting the role of Rs in global carbon budgets.

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Section: Spatial and Temporal Distribution Of Rs Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Contribution of soil respiration to the global carbon equation

Shang

2016

Journal of Plant Physiology

149

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“…19, Aug. 09 and Aug. 22, 2005. Numerous studies have concluded that the static gas chamber method is sensitive to accumulation of CO 2 in the chamber, which may negatively suppress further efflux from the soil surface (Nakayama 1990;Bekku et al 1997;Welles et al 2001). Samples were collected at times 0, 5, 10 and 20 min; however, the CO 2 concentrations at times 0 and 5 were used for calculation of soil CO 2 efflux to avoid underestimation of the rate of efflux caused by the suppressive effect of accumulated CO 2 in the chamber on further efflux from the soil during longer sampling intervals.…”

Section: Sampling Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration rates across a chronosequence of hybrid poplar plantationsin northern Alberta

Saurette¹,

Chang²,

Thomas³

2008

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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. 2008. Autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration rates across a chronosequence of hybrid poplar plantations in northern Alberta. Can. J. Soil Sci. 88: 261Á272. Distinction of autotrophic (root, R r ) versus heterotrophic (R h ) soil respiration is important to understanding C balance in forest ecosystems and the contribution of both respiration components to total soil respiration (R s ) may change as stands mature. We studied R r and R h in a chronosequence of hybrid poplar plantations that were 4, 6, 8, and 13 yr old in summer 2005. We hypothesized that R r will become increasingly larger and will also represent a greater proportion of R s as plantation age increases. Our results showed that both R s and R h showed significant seasonal variations; however, R r were much more variable. No significant differences among plantation ages were observed for any of the respiration parameters (R r , R h and R s ) measured throughout the summer. No significant differences were found for the contribution of R h to R s between plantation ages or between sampling dates. The average proportion of R h to R s across all sites and sampling dates was 0.6390.026 (mean9standard error), indicating that heterotrophic respiration dominated total soil respiration in the studied hybrid poplar plantations. The power of the statistical tests in this study was likely quite low due to the inclusion of only two replicates for each plantation age.Key words: Autotrophic, heterotrophic respiration, root exclusion, trenching, hybrid poplar, chronosequence Saurette, D. D., Chang, S. X. et Thomas, B. R. 2008. Taux de respiration autotrophe et he´te´rotrophe dans une chronose´quence de peupliers hybrides dans le nord de l'Alberta. Can. J. Soil Sci. 88: 261Á272. Pour mieux comprendre le bilan du carbone dans les e´cosyste`mes forestiers, il importe de faire la distinction entre la respiration autotrophe (racines, R r ) et he´te´rotrophe (R h ) du sol, deux composantes dont l'apport a`la respiration totale (R s ) peut changer avec l'e´volution du peuplement. Les auteurs ont examine´la R r et la R h dans une chronose´quence de peupliers hybrides de 4, 6, 8 et 13 ans durant l'e´te´2005. Ils ont e´mis l'hypothe`se que la R r ne cesserait d'augmenter et repre´senterait une part de plus en plus grande de la R s avec le vieillissement du peuplement. Les re´sultats indiquent que la R s et la R h varient sensiblement avec la saison; mais que la R r le fait davantage. Aucun des parame`tres de la respiration (R r , R h et R s ) quantifie´s durant l'e´te´ne fluctue sensiblement avec l'aˆge du peuplement. La contribution de la R h a`la R s ne varie pas e´norme´ment avec l'aˆge du peuplement ni la date d'e´chantillonnage. La R h repre´sente une proportion de 0,6390,026 (moyenne9erreur-type) de la R s pour l'ensemble des sites et des dates d'e´chantillonnage, signe que la respiration he´te´rotrophe dominait dans les plantations de peupliers hybrides examine´es. Les tests statistiques employe´s dans le cadre de cette e´tude n'ont qu'une valeur relativement faibl...

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“…type of soil, humus-layer quality and moisture content (MerilaÈ and Ohtonen, 1997), temperature (Wildung et al, 1975), irradiation (Wen et al, 1997), tillage and soil texture (Franzluebbers and Arshad, 1997) and pro®le depth (Rovira and Vallejo, 1997). Due to its importance and complexity it is a widely studied process (Bekku et al, 1996;Pomazkina et al, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon mineralization dynamics in soils after wildfires in two Galician forests

Fernández

Cabaneiro

Carballas

1999

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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The carbon mineralization dynamics of two Humic Cambisols, developed over granite, one under Pinus sylvestris L. (1740 m a.s.l.) and the other under Pinus pinaster Aiton (140 m a.s.l.), were determined in samples of 0±5 and 5±10 cm depth collected after high intensity wild®res. Burnt and unburnt soils were sampled ®ve times over 2 yr after the wild®res to determine changes in C concentration and in potential mineralization activity of the soil organic matter. Soil samples from the same forests unaected by the ®res were used as controls. In both soils the ®re resulted in a substantial decrease in the soil carbon concentration. Immediately after the ®re, the C mineralization was decreased in the surface layer; however, the percentage of total C mineralized increased in both layers. The evolution of these variables over time depended on the soil and on the layer considered. During the ®rst months after the burning the C mineralization presented values lower than those of the control in both layers of the soil located at higher altitude (M) and in the surface layer of the other soil (R), but values higher than those of the control in the subsurface layer of soil R. For the same period, the C mineralization coecient in the surface layer was similar to (M) or lower than (R) that of the corresponding control, whereas in the subsurface layer it was maintained above that of the control in both soils. Two years after the ®re, the total C concentration had been recovered in the surface layer of both soils whereas in the subsurface layers its value was still 15±19% lower than that of the same layer in the corresponding control. At the same time, the C mineralization and the percentage of the total C mineralized in the surface layer of the burnt soils were lower than those in the corresponding unburnt soils. In the subsurface layer, soil M exhibited values of these two mineralization indices higher than those of the control, whereas soil R presented values lower than those of the control from 1 yr after the ®re. The cumulative CO 2 -C evolved by the samples during each incubation ®ts two kinetic models: a simple and a double exponential ®rst order equation. In most cases the coecient of determination (R 2 ) was higher for the double exponential model. The ®re aected the kinetic parameters; the eect was ephemeral on the labile C pool, which increased its content (C 0 ) and its mineralization rate (k ), but more persistent on the recalcitrant fraction, which shows a long-term decrease of its instantaneous mineralization rate (h ). According to principal components analysis, the variability of the samples studied is mainly due to dierences on their organic matter quality and, in a smaller proportion, to dierences in organic matter concentration. The eect of ®re on these factors, which was more pronounced in the soil with the initially higher C concentration, persisted during the 2 yr study. #

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Examination of four methods for measuring soil respiration

Cited by 118 publications

References 19 publications

Contribution of soil respiration to the global carbon equation

Contribution of soil respiration to the global carbon equation

Autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration rates across a chronosequence of hybrid poplar plantationsin northern Alberta

Carbon mineralization dynamics in soils after wildfires in two Galician forests

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