Examination of food reward and energy intake under laboratory and free-living conditions in a trait binge eating subtype of obesity

Dalton, Michelle; Blundell, John; Finlayson, Graham

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00757

Cited by 40 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…All participants completed the BES at t1. The BES is psychometrically sound as a pre-screen in adults for a possible diagnosis of eating disorders including bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder (Celio, Wilfley, Crow, Mitchell, & Walsh, 2004; Dalton, Blundell, & Finlayson, 2013; Greeno, Marcus, & Wing, 1995). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating tasty food to cope. Longitudinal association with BMI

et al. 2015

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The goals of this study were to determine if a change in certain motives to eat highly palatable food, as measured by the Palatable Eating Motives Scale (PEMS), could predict a change in body mass index (BMI) over time, to assess the temporal stability of these motive scores, and to test the reliability of previously reported associations between eating tasty foods to cope and BMI. BMI, demographics, and scores on the PEMS and the Binge Eating Scale were obtained from 192 college students. Test–retest analysis was performed on the PEMS motives in groups varying in three gap times between tests. Regression analyses determined what PEMS motives predicted a change in BMI over two years. The results replicated previous findings that eating palatable food for Coping motives (e.g., to forget about problems, reduce negative feelings) is associated with BMI. Test–retest correlations revealed that motive scores, while somewhat stable, can change over time. Importantly, among overweight participants, a change in Coping scores predicted a change in BMI over 2 years, such that a 1-point change in Coping predicted a 1.76 change in BMI (equivalent to a 10.5 lb. change in body weight) independent of age, sex, ethnicity, and initial binge-eating status (Cohen's f2 effect size = 1.44). The large range in change of Coping scores suggests it is possible to decrease frequency of eating to cope by more than 1 scale point to achieve weight losses greater than 10 lbs. in young overweight adults, a group already at risk for rapid weight gain. Hence, treatments aimed specifically at reducing palatable food intake for coping reasons vs. for social, reward, or conformity reasons, should help achieve a healthier body weight and prevent obesity if this motive-type is identified prior to significant weight gain.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating tasty food to cope. Longitudinal association with BMI

et al. 2015

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“…Scores from 0 to 16.9 conventionally indicate very mild or no binge-eating, 18–26.9 indicate moderate binge-eating, and scores ≥27 indicate severe binge-eating (Gormally et al, 1982). The BES has good test–retest reliability and has been used in over 100 published studies to identify or diagnose BED (Celio et al, 2004; Greeno et al, 1995), to discern non-binge obesity from binge-eating obesity (Dalton et al, 2013), and to screen for BED in bariatric surgery candidates (Grupski et al, 2013). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These types of foods are salient to BED. They are preferred and craved during binges, are more likely to be consumed for reasons other than hunger, their high palatability would render them more difficult to limit or to control, and their greater caloric value would contribute to the distress, shame, and guilt that is characteristic of BED and other binge-eating conditions (Boggiano, Turan, Maldonado, Oswald, & Shuman, 2013; Dalton, Blundell, & Finlayson, 2013; Davis et al, 2008, 2009; Drewnowski, 1998; Gendall, Sullivan, Joyce, Carter, & Bulik, 1997; Hill & Peters, 1998; Kales, 1990; Thomas, Doshi, Crosby, & Lowe, 2011; White & Grilo, 2005; Witt & Lowe, 2014; Yanovski, 2003). The PEMS differs from other eating-related cognitive and behavioral measures in that it probes why one eats palatable foods (i.e., eating as a means to meet a certain end) rather than assessing addictive-like behavior with food (Gearhardt, Corbin, & Brownell, 2009) or the extent to which various emotions and cues trigger food intake (Arnow, Kenardy, & Agras, 1995; van Strien, Frijters, Bergers, & Defares, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motives for eating tasty foods associated with binge-eating. Results from a student and a weight-loss seeking population

et al. 2014

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The aim of this study was to use the Palatable Eating Motives Scale (PEMS) to determine if and what motives for eating tasty foods (e.g., junk food, fast food, and desserts) are associated with binge-eating in two diverse populations. BMI and scores on the PEMS, Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS), and Binge-eating Scale (BES) were obtained from 247 undergraduates at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) and 249 weight-loss seeking patients at the UAB EatRight program. Regression analyses revealed that eating tasty foods to forget worries and problems and help alleviate negative feelings (i.e., the 4-item Coping motive) was associated with binge-eating independently of any variance in BES scores due to sex, age, ethnicity, BMI, other PEMS motives, and YFAS scores in both students (R2 = .57) and patients (R2 = .55). Coping also was associated with higher BMI in students (p < 0.01), and in patients despite their truncated BMI range (p < 0.05). Among students, the motives Conformity and Reward Enhancement were also independently associated with binge-eating. For this younger sample with a greater range of BES scores, eating for these motives, but not for Social ones, may indicate early maladaptive eating habits that could later develop into disorders characterized by binge-eating if predisposing factors are present. Thus, identifying one’s tasty food motive or motives can potentially be used to thwart the development of BED and obesity, especially if the motive is Coping. Identifying one’s PEMS motives should also help personalize conventional treatments for binge-eating and obesity toward improved outcomes.

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“…While there have been some developments in laboratory studies becoming more realistic and free-living studies becoming more controlled, there is a strong argument that there is room for both types of study, as they each answer different questions using different methodologies (Kissileff 1992). Perhaps, combining the measurement of actual eating behaviour under laboratory conditions and free-living eating behaviour through dietary recall or questionnaires measuring traits of eating behaviour is where future research should be focussed, for example see Dalton et al (2013).…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

METABOLIC PHENOTYPING GUIDELINES: Studying eating behaviour in humans

Gibbons¹,

Finlayson²,

Dalton³

et al. 2014

Journal of Endocrinology

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The study of human appetite and eating behaviour has become increasingly important in recent years due to the rise in body weight dysregulation through both obesity and eating disorders. Adequate control over appetite is paramount for the control of body weight and in order to understand appetite, it is necessary to measure eating behaviour accurately. So far, research in this field has revealed that no single experimental design can answer all research questions. Each research question posed will require a specific study design that will limit the findings of that study to those particular conditions. For example, choices will be made among the use of laboratory or free-living studies, time period for examination, specific measurement techniques and investigative methodologies employed. It is important that these represent informed decisions about what design and which methodology will provide the most meaningful outcomes. This review will examine some of the 'gold standard' study designs and methodologies currently employed in the study of human appetite and eating behaviour. Homeostatic vs hedonic eating behaviourTraditionally, homeostatic regulation has been associated with the regulation of the internal milieu as developed by Claude Bernard during the 19th century. In the field of appetite, homeostasis is used to explain the quantitative changes in eating and food intake such as those that occur in order to correct any energy deficit. Richter (1943) subsequently used the term 'behavioural regulation of internal states' to indicate how eating behaviour operated to maintain physiological functioning. Hedonic aspects of appetite are those that are concerned with the influence of reward, pleasure and palatability on eating. The 'homeostatic system' comprises a network of gastrointestinal peptides and brain neurotransmitters, and also peripheral neural signalling and adipokines such as leptin. This system has been described, for example, by Schwartz et al. (2000) and updated by Halford & Blundell (2000) and Blundell et al. (2012), and it illustrates how physiological signals of energy requirements are integrated with the motivation to eat via sensations of hunger and fullness. This review was commissioned to strictly address the behavioural aspects of appetite control, which provide the foundation for obtaining valid and reliable measured changes in the actual behaviour of eating (and food selection) and in the associated motivational states that often determine the initiation, direction and duration of any feeding event. However, it is recognised that these behaviours emanate from a complex and sophisticated set of physiological pathways in the periphery and the brain. The actual behavioural expression of human appetite should be interpreted against this background physiological state. Description of the physiology is not within the scope of this chapter, but the reader is directed to recent reviews in order to put the behavioural aspects of appetite within a physiological context (Konturek et al.

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Examination of food reward and energy intake under laboratory and free-living conditions in a trait binge eating subtype of obesity

Cited by 40 publications

References 37 publications

Eating tasty food to cope. Longitudinal association with BMI

Eating tasty food to cope. Longitudinal association with BMI

Motives for eating tasty foods associated with binge-eating. Results from a student and a weight-loss seeking population

METABOLIC PHENOTYPING GUIDELINES: Studying eating behaviour in humans

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