In this paper we study the consistency of a cosmological model, described by a novel exact analytic solution of a universe filled with a dissipative dark matter fluid, in the framework of the causal Israel-Stewart theory, testing it by using Type Ia Supernovae data. The solution is obtained when we assume for the fluid a bulk viscous coefficient with the dependence ξ = ξ0ρ 1/2 , where ρ is the energy density of the fluid. It is further considered a relaxation time τ of the form ξ (ρ+p)τ = c 2 b , where c 2 b is the speed of bulk viscous perturbations, and a barotropic EoS p = (γ − 1) ρ. The constraints found for the parameters of the model allow to obtain exact solutions compatible with an accelerated expansion at late times, after the domination era of the viscous pressure and without the inclusion of a cosmological constant. Nevertheless, the fitted parameter values present drawbacks as a very large non-adiabatic contribution to the speed of sound, and some inconsistencies with the description of the dissipative dark matter as a fluid.