Exacerbated inflammatory cellular immune response characteristics of HAM/TSP is observed in a large proportion of HTLV-I asymptomatic carriers

Santos, Sara; Porto, Aurélia F.; Muniz, André Luiz; Jesus, Amélia Ribeiro de; Magalhães, E.P.; Melo, Aílton; Dutra, Walderez O.; Gollob, Kenneth J.; Carvalho, Edgar M.

doi:10.1186/1471-2334-4-7

Cited by 87 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…1 -3 HTLV-1 infects T cells inducing lymphocyte proliferation and an exaggerated production of Th1 cytokines such as IFNg and TNFa. 2 In contrast, helminthic infections are characterized by Th2 immune response. As individuals coinfected with HTLV-1 and Strongyloides stercoralis have decreased levels of IL4, IL5, IL13 and S. stercoralis IgE levels, disseminated and recurrent strongyloidiasis are common in patients with HTLV-1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of strongyloidiasis in HTLV-1 and Strongyloides stercoralis coinfected patients is associated with increased TNFα and decreased soluble IL2 receptor levels

Salles

Bacellar

Amorim

et al. 2013

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Background: Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection has been associated with recurrent and disseminated strongyloidiasis and adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). Methods:We compared immunological aspects and markers for ATLL in HTLV-1 patients with or without strongyloidiasis, and evaluated the influence of Strongyloides stercoralis treatment on the immune response and clinical outcomes of HTLV-1 infection.Results: Levels of TNFa and IFNg were lower in patients coinfected with HTLV-1 and S. stercoralis than in patients with HTLV-1 only (p , 0.05), and there was an increase in TNFa levels after anthelmintic treatment. Levels of sIL-2R were higher in patients with HTLV-1 coinfected with S. stercoralis and anthelmintic treatment decreased sIL-2R levels (p , 0.05). The one patient who developed ATLL was coinfected with S. stercoralis. Conclusion:These data show that helminthic infection has a modulatory role in HTLV-1 infection and that S. stercoralis may be a cofactor in the development of ATLL.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of strongyloidiasis in HTLV-1 and Strongyloides stercoralis coinfected patients is associated with increased TNFα and decreased soluble IL2 receptor levels

Salles

Bacellar

Amorim

et al. 2013

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…The expanded disability status scale (EDSS) has been used to evaluate the degree of neurologic dysfunction caused by HTLV-1, and a direct correlation between EDSS scores and urinary dysfunction has been revealed 4 . Moreover, pro-viral load and the production of pro-infl ammatory cytokines that characterize HAM/TSP are also seem increased in patients with OAB without HAM/TSP 7,8 . These data suggest that OAB is a common urologic fi nding of HAM/TSP that may precedes full-blown HAM/TSP.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of HTLV-1-associated overactive bladder refractory to conventional therapy

Neto

Bittencourt

Oliveira

et al. 2014

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Urinary symptoms occur in 19% of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-infected patients who do not fulfi ll criteria for HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and in almost 100% of HAM/TSP patients. Few studies have evaluated therapies for overactive bladder (OAB) caused by HTLV-1 infection. This case report describes the effect of onabotulinum toxin A on the urinary manifestations of three patients with HAM/TSP and OAB symptoms. The patients were intravesically administered 200 units of Botox®. Their incontinence episodes improved, and their OAB symptoms scores (OABSS) reduced signifi cantly. These data indicate that Botox® should be a treatment option for OAB associated with HTLV-1 infection.

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“…Table II shows genes that were upregulated by at least 5-fold in the presence of IRF-5. Previous studies reported that HTLV-1 infection induces T-cell activation and in vitro spontaneous lymphocyte proliferation, leading to the production of high levels of TNF-α in non-stimulated PbMC (43). Typical features of HTLV-1-infected T cells were recapitulated by IRF-5 activity, such as upregulation of TNF-α and LT-β (Table II and Fig.…”

Section: Irf-5 Targets Tnf Family Cytokine Genesmentioning

confidence: 72%

Constitutive expression of IRF-5 in HTLV-1-infected T cells

Ishikawa

Senba

Barnes

et al. 2015

International Journal of Oncology

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Abstract. Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the etiologic agent of adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), an aggressive and fatal leukemia of T cells. Interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-5 plays a critical role in the induction of interferon genes in viral infected cells. We examined the specific mechanisms underlying the expression and regulation of IRF-5 in HTLV-1-infected T cells. IRF-5 was constitutively transcribed into three distinct alternatively spliced isoforms (V1, V3 and V4) in HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines but not in uninfected T-cell lines. IRF-5 was also upregulated in HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines at protein level. Nuclear IRF-5 expression was noted in ATL cells present in lymph nodes and skin lesions. IRF-5 mRNA expression was induced following infection of T cells with HTLV-1, and specifically by viral oncoprotein Tax. Tax also activated V3 promoter. Microarray analysis of IRF-5-expressing uninfected T cells demonstrated that IRF-5 induced the expression of tumor necrosis factor family cytokines. The results suggest that IRF-5 is a Tax-regulated gene, and its expression may be associated with the pathogenesis of ATL.

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Exacerbated inflammatory cellular immune response characteristics of HAM/TSP is observed in a large proportion of HTLV-I asymptomatic carriers

Cited by 87 publications

References 34 publications

Treatment of strongyloidiasis in HTLV-1 and Strongyloides stercoralis coinfected patients is associated with increased TNFα and decreased soluble IL2 receptor levels

Treatment of strongyloidiasis in HTLV-1 and Strongyloides stercoralis coinfected patients is associated with increased TNFα and decreased soluble IL2 receptor levels

The use of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of HTLV-1-associated overactive bladder refractory to conventional therapy

Constitutive expression of IRF-5 in HTLV-1-infected T cells

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