Ex Umbris Eruditio

Catterall, R. C. F.

doi:10.1302/0301-620x.50b3.455

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…At the level of the ankle, the body of the talus lies posteriorly and also rotates so that the head of the talus moves laterally in the mortice. However, due to the morphology of the talus, the foot can reach a plantigrade position only if the foot further externally rotates at the level of the subtalar joint; in particular, the central axis of this movement is the interosseous talo-calcaneal ligament that plays the role of "central pivot" similar to the cruciate ligaments of the knee, as pointed out by several authors (1,(11)(12)(13).…”

Section: The Anatomy Of Normal Dorsiflexionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical examination and classification systems of congenital clubfoot: a narrative review

Canavese¹,

Diméglio²

2021

Ann Transl Med

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Clinical examination of the newborn's foot is a complex exercise that requires a lot of sensitivity, practice and deep understanding of normal and pathological anatomy, and the clinical assessment of a child with congenital talipes equinovarus, or congenital clubfoot, must be complete and it should not be limited to a simple orthopedic evaluation of the foot; the search for a cause is a pressing concern. This narrative review article aims to provide the key information about clinical examination of children with congenital clubfoot; classification systems are also described. Clinical examination of children with congenital clubfoot is essential.In particular, it is important to evaluate the mental age of the child (developmental milestones), to rule out the presence of a spinal dysraphism, to eliminate a mild form of neurological disease (congenital myopathy or arthrogryposis), as well as to carefully examine the face and hands of the patient. The examination of the foot and the classification of the clubfoot deformity complete the clinical evaluation. In the end, the pediatric orthopedic surgeon must not underestimate any clinical signs, and must act as a pediatrician. This narrative review summarizes the key points in taking a history and performing a comprehensive clinical examination for patients with congenital clubfoot; the review also briefly describes the normal foot anatomy and growth as to give the reader the opportunity to better understand the morphological and functional modifications secondary to congenital clubfoot.

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Section: The Anatomy Of Normal Dorsiflexionmentioning

confidence: 99%