Ex-situ population of White-rumped Shama (Copsychus malabaricus): studies of density, distribution and bird keepers in Bengkulu, Sumatra

Abstract

Abstract. Putranto HD, Brata B, Yumiati Y. 2020. Ex-situ population of White-rumped Shama (Copsychus malabaricus): Studies of density, distribution and bird keepers in Bengkulu, Sumatra. Biodiversitas 21: 865-874. Purpose of this research was to estimate number of White-rumped Shama (Copsychus malabaricus) or locally known as murai batu which are kept by Bengkulu's bird keepers, analyze its population density, population distribution, and the profile of bird keepers. Researcher used field observation method by conducting interviews during June-September 2019. Respondents were determined using purposive sampling method and sampling was continued by snowball sampling method. Bird population data were analyzed by using population density formula and population distribution formula, while profile of bird keepers was analyzed descriptively. In 9 sub-districts of Bengkulu City total of 642 birds that are kept by bird keepers in ex-situ habitat, consisting of 434 males and 208 females with sex ratio approximately of 2:1. Population density was 4.23 birds per km2 (2.86 male birds/km2 and 1.37 female birds/km2). Population distribution by a Variance-Mean Ratio formula was 4.8 or VMR > 1. Furthermore, there were 79 keepers consist of 78 male bird keepers (98.7% ) and 1 female keeper (1.27%). Eleven bird keepers (13.9%) were categorized as captive breeders and 68 keepers (86.1%) were categorized as bird hobbyists. In conclusion, density population of ex-situ White-rumped Shama in Bengkulu City was 4.23 birds per km2, and population distribution interpreted as negative binomial distribution. Bird keepers were divided into two groups, captive breeders and bird hobbyists.

Analisis Keuntungan Usaha Penangkaran Burung Murai Batu (Copsychus malabaricus) Di Kota Bengkulu

“…Kelebihan burung murai batu membuat banyak penghobi kicauan berbondong-bondong mencari dan merawat calon-calon murai batu yang akan diperlombakan berapapun harganya tidak menjadi persoalan (Putranto et al, 2018). Tidak jarang pencarian hingga kepelosokpelosok dilakukan dan terkadang terjadi perburuan ke hutan yang membuat populasi burung murai batu berkurang (Putranto et al, 2019a, b) . Burung murai batu anakan yang berumur 2-3 bulan dapat dihargai Rp.2.000.000 -5.000.000 tergantung dengan kualitas indukannya dan dapat berharga hingga ratusan juta rupiah apabila sudah berprestasi dan banyak memenangkan lomba (Saputro et al, 2016).…”

“…Lokasi penelitian ditentukan secara sengaja (purposive sampling) di Kota Bengkulu dengan pertimbangan bahwa Kota Bengkulu merupakan ibukota provinsi yang menjadi pusat perekonomian terbesar di Provinsi Bengkulu dan berdasarkan hasil penelitian Putranto et al (2019a) bahwa terdapat 68 orang pemelihara burung murai batu di Kota Bengkulu dan melakukan usaha penangkaran burung murai batu tersebar di beberapa kecamatan yang ada di Kota Bengkulu.…”

The evidence of cloaca display as an indicator to validate breeding behavior during the matchmaking phase on local Indonesia female White-rumped Shama (Copsychus malabaricus)

“…The previous report stated that the habit of keeping birds has long been known in Indonesian society, and even in some cultures, this habit is still preserved traditionally (Iskandar et al 2016). Studies by Putranto et al (2019aPutranto et al ( , 2021 said hobbies, economic values, conservation, scientific studies, and even prestige or a high ranking level in a certain social status became the main reasons for bird keepers to have these birds as pets. In addition, a previous study reported that birds are kept giving satisfaction to their owners because they can provide a natural atmosphere in the form of beautiful appearances, colors, and songs (Putranto et al 2021).…”

“…Keeping a favorite pet, such as White-rumped Shama or Copsychus malabaricus, can lead to an uncontrol situation, a decreasing population for some avian species in the wild caused by poaching (Putranto et al 2019a(Putranto et al , 2020(Putranto et al , 2021. However, scientific information about Indonesia's Whiterumped Shama birds, in terms of biological data and its intensive daily management in captivity and the wild, is still very limited.…”

“…However, scientific information about Indonesia's Whiterumped Shama birds, in terms of biological data and its intensive daily management in captivity and the wild, is still very limited. Furthermore, some preliminary studies reported on the growth of White-rumped Shama feathers (Putranto et al 2021), the growth rate and morphometric size of some body parts of White-rumped Shama chicks (Putranto et al 2020), the reproductive ability and egg production of female birds (Putranto et al 2018), and domesticated White-rumped Shama bird populations (Putranto et al 2019a). However, there is no scientific data on its reproduction and breeding behaviors.…”