Evolving Tale of TCPs: New Paradigms and Old Lacunae

Abstract

Teosinte Branched1/Cycloidea/Proliferating cell factors (TCP) genes are key mediators of genetic innovations underlying morphological novelties, stress adaptation, and evolution of immune response in plants. They have a remarkable ability to integrate and translate diverse endogenous, and environmental signals with high fidelity. Compilation of studies, aimed at elucidating the mechanism of TCP functions, shows that it takes an amalgamation and interplay of several different factors, regulatory processes and pathways, instead of individual components, to achieve the incredible functional diversity and specificity, demonstrated by TCP proteins. Through this minireview, we provide a brief description of key structural features and molecular components, known so far, that operate this conglomerate, and highlight the important conceptual challenges and lacunae in TCP research.

The molecular control of tendril development in angiosperms

“…TCP genes are involved in plant development and cell proliferation (Nicolas & Cubas, ). CmTCP1/TEN belongs, to the subgroup CYC1 of the Class II TCP gene family (Mizuno et al ., ; Dhaka et al ., ). CYC1 genes maintained their TEOSINTE BRANCHED1‐like ( TB1‐like ) role across different taxa, as they negatively regulate axillary bud outgrowth in monocots and eudicots (Dhaka et al ., ).…”

“…CmTCP1/TEN belongs, to the subgroup CYC1 of the Class II TCP gene family (Mizuno et al ., ; Dhaka et al ., ). CYC1 genes maintained their TEOSINTE BRANCHED1‐like ( TB1‐like ) role across different taxa, as they negatively regulate axillary bud outgrowth in monocots and eudicots (Dhaka et al ., ). CsGCN5 is homologous to the A. thaliana AtGCN5 that encodes a histone acetyltransferase (Chen et al ., ).…”

Characteristics and Expression Analysis of FmTCP15 under Abiotic Stresses and Hormones and Interact with DELLA Protein in Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr.

“…TCP is named after the first three identified members: TEOSINTE BRANCHED1 (tb1) in maize (Zea mays), CYCLOIDEA (CYC) in snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus), and the PROLIFERATING CELL FACTORS 1 and 2 (PCF1 and PCF2) in rice (Oryza sativa) [1][2][3]. The TCP gene family encodes a 59-amino-acid residue, noncanonical basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) motif called the TCP domain, which allows DNA binding and protein-protein interactions [3][4][5]. Based on the differences between the TCP domains, the TCP family was divided into two major classes: class I (also known as PCF or TCP-P) and class II (also known as TCP-C) [6][7][8].…”

“…Based on the differences between the TCP domains, the TCP family was divided into two major classes: class I (also known as PCF or TCP-P) and class II (also known as TCP-C) [6][7][8]. Class II was further divided into two clades, named CINCINNATA (CIN) [9] and CYCLOIDEA/TEOSINTE BRANCHED1(CYC/TB1) [5,10].…”

Genome Wide Identification and Characters of TCP Family Genes in Brassica juncea var. tumida

“…The Teosinte branched1/Cycloidea/Proliferating cell factor (TCP) family is a group of plant-specific transcription factors (TFs) that involved in embryonic growth, leaf development, branching, flowering, circadian rhythm, hormone signalling, stress responses and so on [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. TCP family proteins contain a highly conserved TCP domain that formed with an N-terminal region enriched in basic amino acids followed by two amphipathic α-helices connected by a disordered loop [10,11].…”