Evolving role of seneca valley virus and its biomarker TEM8/ANTXR1 in cancer therapeutics

Abstract

Oncolytic viruses have made a significant inroad in cancer drug development. Numerous clinical trials are currently investigating oncolytic viruses both as single agents or in combination with various immunomodulators. Oncolytic viruses (OV) are an integral pillar of immuno-oncology and hold potential for not only delivering durable anti-tumor responses but also converting “cold” tumors to “hot” tumors. In this review we will discuss one such promising oncolytic virus called Seneca Valley Virus (SVV-001) and its therapeutic implications. SVV development has seen seismic evolution over the past decade and now boasts of being the only OV with a practically applicable biomarker for viral tropism. We discuss relevant preclinical and clinical data involving SVV and how bio-selecting for TEM8/ANTXR1, a negative tumor prognosticator can lead to first of its kind biomarker driven oncolytic viral cancer therapy.

Oncolytic Virus Senecavirus A Inhibits Hepatocellular Carcinoma Proliferation and Growth by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis

“…SVV-001, an oncolytic picornavirus that occurs naturally, was initially discovered in 2002 in a cell culture that was likely contaminated with porcine trypsin or bovine serum contain- ing SVV-001. 32 SVV-001 has been proven to exhibit specific cytotoxicity towards tumor cells that exhibit neuroendocrine characteristics. 32 In this study, we sought to examine the impact of SVA on HCC cells.…”

Recent Developments in Glioblastoma Therapy: Oncolytic Viruses and Emerging Future Strategies

“…SFV4miRT is the Semliki Forest Virus with inserted target sequences for miR124, miR125, and miR134 expressed more in normal CNS cells than in glioma cells [ 133 ]. Thus, this virus has reduced neurotropism with oncolytic efficacy and a safer profile [ 134 ]. Recently, studies have shown that the Zika virus (ZIKV) can infect the GB stem cells (GSCs) and have oncolytic activity on them [ 135 , 136 ].…”

Novel Therapies in Glioblastoma Treatment: Review of Glioblastoma; Current Treatment Options; and Novel Oncolytic Viral Therapies

“…This suggests that modifying ZIKV to more precisely target GB in the absence of normal neuronal cells may enhance treatment results [ 171 , 172 ]. ZIKV-LAV was created by a 10-nucleotide deletion in the 3′ untranslated region (3-UTR) of the genome.…”