Evolving response to smart irrigation controllers in high water‐use central Florida homes

Morera, María Castro; Monaghan, Paul; Dukes, Michael D.

doi:10.1002/aws2.1111

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In addition, if the homeowners experienced challenges with the technology, their satisfaction degraded. Later follow-up with these homeowners with longterm (>5 years) use determined that the likelihood of continued use was 12 times higher if they were satisfied with the controller (Morera et al, 2019). These results point to the need for education of installers and end users to minimize preventable poor performance of the technology due to incorrect installation, setup, or management as well as lack of education about how the technology works.…”

Section: Human Factormentioning

confidence: 92%

Two Decades of Smart Irrigation Controllers in U.S. Landscape Irrigation

Dukes¹

2020

Transactions of the ASABE

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HighlightsSavings numbers in new studies across multiple soil types and climates are similar to those summarized in 2011 and are summarized here as 51% in research plot studies and 30% in single-family homes.Studies of the human factors have begun showing how important the users are to success of the technology.Education in implementation remains important to achieve potential water conservation.Abstract. Smart irrigation controllers, such as evapotranspiration (ET) and soil moisture sensor (SMS) controllers, have become commonly available from virtually all irrigation controller manufacturers. This review summarizes the literature since the Fifth Decennial National Irrigation Symposium (NIS) concerning these controllers in research studies and pilot implementations. Studies have expanded to multiple climates throughout the U.S. on a variety of soils and plant types. When these devices are implemented properly on sites that have potential irrigation savings (i.e., excess irrigation), they are able to reduce irrigation while maintaining plant quality. The level of reduction depends on many factors, including the amount of excess irrigation, climate, plant type, and human interaction with the technology. When studies report positive savings, the levels documented here range from 40% to 61% (51% avg.) in plot studies and from 28% to 32% (30% avg.) in residential studies. Of 17 identified studies in the past decade, five reported negative savings, and in most cases those results were due to ET controllers installed on sites with little excess irrigation or controller programming that was not optimized for savings. New trends in the industry include Wi-Fi signal-based ET controllers with smartphone app capability, an upcoming standard for SMS controllers, as well as smart controllers becoming mandatory in areas of the U.S. As identified in the Fifth Decennial NIS, it remains important to implement controllers on sites with the potential for irrigation reduction as well as proper implementation with the best current information. Finally, there is a need to understand human interaction with these devices because improper programming can make the difference between a water-saving device and ineffective technology with a dissatisfied customer. Keywords: ET controller, Landscape irrigation, Smart controller, SMS, Soil moisture sensor, Soil water sensor.

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Section: Human Factormentioning

confidence: 92%

Two Decades of Smart Irrigation Controllers in U.S. Landscape Irrigation

Dukes¹

2020

Transactions of the ASABE

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“…Insufficient information or understanding was the second most frequent challenge experienced with ET controllers and the fourth most frequent with SMS controllers. Therefore, the likelihood of continued use after 2017 was almost 12 times higher if a respondent was satisfied with the controller and 82% lower if any challenge was experienced with it (Morera, Monaghan, & Dukes, 2019). Consequently, efforts to promote investing in smart irrigation controllers may be most effective by emphasizing their economic benefits, while long-term adoption might be increased by disseminating best management practices that facilitate their understanding and successful operation.…”

Section: Cooperators' Acceptance and Adoption Of Smart Irrigation Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term performance of smart irrigation controllers on single‐family homes with excess irrigation

et al. 2021

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The main objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term water conservation potential of two smart irrigation controllers when implemented in singlefamily homes with excess irrigation. Treatments were established in Orange County, Florida, across two types of soils and included homes monitored only (MO), homes that received an evapotranspiration (ET) controller or a soil moisture sensor (SMS) controller, and homes that received an ET or SMS plus an onsite specific programing and tutorial given to the homeowner (ETPgm or SMSPgm, respectively). All treatments resulted in significant water savings compared with the MO group, without negatively affecting the turf quality.Average irrigation reductions in sandy and flatwoods soils for ET were 21% and 17% and 26% and 31%, respectively, in the ETPgm group. The SMS group reduced irrigation by 18% and 42% in flatwoods and sandy soils, respectively, while the SMSPgm treatment applied 41% and 35% less water, respectively.

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“…Land use/land cover change [16,49] Climate change [51,54] Temperature [54,55] Precipitation [54][55][56] Economic Agriculture [50] Industry [57] Tourism [51] Policy Conservation methods [51] Pricing systems [51,52,58] Technical Technology [59,60]…”

Section: Environmentalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anderson [22] states that Florida should consider a statewide public outreach and education program to inform citizens of the benefits of using reclaimed water from a water conservation perspective. New technologies, including smart irrigation [60] and water-saving devices [70], can increase water-use efficiency in Florida.…”

Section: Water Use and Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies reported household size [51], land use/land cover change [16,49], urbanization [15,53], agriculture [50], population [16,23,51,52], income [51], climate change [51,54], tourism [51], and industry [57] enhances Florida water use. Additionally, pricing systems [51,52,58], conservation methods [51], education [22,23], and technology [59,60] are among the drivers that decrease Florida water use.…”

Section: Drivers Of Change Affecting Florida Water Usementioning

confidence: 99%

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Fresh Water Use in Florida: Trends and Drivers

Morain

Anandhi

2022

Water

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Water quality and quantity are critical issues as the Florida’s population grows. This paper analyzed water use regionally (central, north, and south Florida) as well as in rural and urban areas in Florida from 2005 to 2015 using three indicators (total water use, agriculture water use, and per capita water use). Eight (8) water-consuming categories, such as aquaculture, livestock, irrigation, public supply, thermoelectric power, mining, industrial self-supply, and domestic self-supply, were considered for total water use. Per capita water use used public supply category and agricultural water use used aquaculture, livestock, and irrigation categories. Linear regression analysis was used to observe the relationship between population and water use. The highest water use was recorded in south Florida, while the lowest was in north Florida. Water use per capita was higher in urban areas. Irrigation water use was higher among the eight water use categories. Many drivers influencing Florida water use were identified through literature review and causal loop diagram was developed. Some (e.g., household size, land use/land cover change, urbanization, agriculture, population, income, climate change, tourism, and industry) may cause an increase in water use, while others (e.g., pricing systems, conservation methods, education, and technology) may cause a decrease in water use. Overall, this research addresses the need of understanding water use trends and the drivers affecting those trends, which are important to determine whether a water conservation plan is needed.

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Evolving response to smart irrigation controllers in high water‐use central Florida homes

Cited by 3 publications

References 40 publications

Two Decades of Smart Irrigation Controllers in U.S. Landscape Irrigation

Two Decades of Smart Irrigation Controllers in U.S. Landscape Irrigation

Long‐term performance of smart irrigation controllers on single‐family homes with excess irrigation

Fresh Water Use in Florida: Trends and Drivers

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