Evolving HIV Epidemiology in Mainland China: 2009–2018

Ding, Yingying; Ma, Zhonghui; He, Jiangjiang; Xu, Xiaoyi; Qiao, Shijie; Xu, Lulu; Shi, Richard; Xu, Xiaohui; Zhu, Bowen; Li, Jing; Wong, Frank; He, Na

doi:10.1007/s11904-019-00468-z

Cited by 24 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Consequently, we needed N=475 at least (with 20% inflated sample size estimated at 594 PLWH); therefore, we decided to round to the nearest whole number 600. The HIV treatment centers were chosen based on their reported high prevalence of PLWH (Ding et al, 2019) and/or data availability.…”

Section: Study Design and Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Challenge of Potential Drug–Drug Interactions Among People Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy: A Cross-Sectional Study in Selected Provinces in China

Xia¹,

Gong²,

Zaongo³

et al. 2020

Front. Pharmacol.

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Objectives: Potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are a significant therapeutic threat among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive individuals on antiretroviral (ARV) medications. DDIs involving ARV drugs in mainland China are unknown and insufficiently described. Herein, we investigated the prevalence and frequencies of potential ARV DDIs in Chinese people living with HIV (PLWH), then we assessed the risk factors associated with potential DDIs.Methods: This study was conducted with HIV-positive adults undergoing ARV medications from multiple centers across China. The latest prescription of each participant was evaluated for potential DDIs using the Liverpool HIV drug interaction database. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to evaluate the factors associated with DDIs.Results: Among 600 PLWH recruited, at least one non-HIV co-medication was observed in 511 (85.2%) individuals. A total of 2566 DDIs were identified, of which 11 (0.43%) and 311 (12.89%) were of contraindicated (red-flags) and dosage/timing adjustment required (orange-flags), respectively. Multivariate regression analysis revealed a higher risk of clinically significant DDIs (red-and orange-flagged comedication) associated with: the use of boosted protease inhibitors (p < 0.0001), boosted integrase strand transfer inhibitors (p < 0.0001), and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors-based ARV regimen (p < 0.0001); or the use of antiinfectives for systemic use (p < 0.0001), cardiovascular system drugs (p < 0.0001), nervous system drugs (p < 0.0001), fungal infection (p = 0.0071), and Herpes simplex virus infection (p = 0.0231).Conclusions: Potential DDIs and inappropriate medications constitute a burden for people living with HIV in China. The knowledge of DDIs patterns and the scan for DDIs is

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Section: Study Design and Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Challenge of Potential Drug–Drug Interactions Among People Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy: A Cross-Sectional Study in Selected Provinces in China

Xia¹,

Gong²,

Zaongo³

et al. 2020

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…By the end of 2018, the number of people living with HIV (PWH) in China was close to 1.25 million (1,2). The distribution of HIV-1 subtypes in China is diverse with over circulating genetic variants (3), each with an evolving geographical distribution, prevalence and modes of transmission (3)(4)(5)(6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Circulation Dynamics of the Five Main HIV Types in China

Vrancken

Zhao

et al. 2020

J Virol

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The HIV epidemic in China accounts for 3% of the global HIV incidence. We compared the patterns and determinants of interprovincial spread of the five most prevalent circulating types. HIV pol sequences sampled across China were used to identify relevant transmission networks of the five most relevant HIV-1 types (B, CRF01_AE, CRF07_BC, CRF08_BC and CRF55_01B) in China. From these, the dispersal history across provinces was inferred. A generalized linear model (GLM) was used to test the association between migration rates among provinces and several measures of human mobility. A total of 10,707 sequences between 2004-2017 across 26 provinces were collected, among which 1,962 newly reported here. A mean of 18 (Min-Max:1-54) independent transmission networks involving up to 17 provinces were identified. Discrete phylogeographic analysis largely recapitulate the documented spread of the HIV types which, in turn, to large extent mirror within-China population migration flows. In line with the different spatio-temporal spread dynamics, the identified drivers thereof were also heterogeneous but are consistent with a central role of human mobility. The comparative analysis of the dispersal dynamics of the five main HIV types circulating in China suggests a key role of large populations centers and developed transportation infrastructures as hubs of HIV dispersal. This advocates for coordinated public health efforts in addition to local targeted interventions. IMPORTANCE While traditional epidemiological studies are of great interest in describing the dynamics of epidemics, they cannot fully capture the geospatial dynamics and factors driving the dispersal of pathogens such as HIV as they struggle to capture linkages between infections. To overcome this, we used a discrete phylogeographic approach coupled to a generalized linear model extension to characterize the dynamics and drivers of the across-province spread of the five main HIV types circulating in China. Our results indicate that large urbanized areas with dense population and developed transportation infrastructures are facilitators of HIV dispersal throughout China, and highlight the need to consider harmonized country-wide public policies to control local HIV epidemics.

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“…Since 1985, when China reported its first case of AIDS, the disease has gradually spread, increasing at a rate of 30% per year. The National Health Care Commission suggested that by the end of 2018, China cumulatively reported that 1,250,000 people were living with diagnosed HIV infection [3]of which female patients accounted for 24.39%. It is estimated that 80,000 new infections occur every year in China [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the HIV epidemic among PWID has been well managed, the growing HIV epidemic through sexual contact has become more complex and even more difficult to control. The HIV/AIDS epidemic in China has spread from high-risk populations to the general population [3]. To tailor prevention programs for distinct populations, local epidemiological data are necessary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV prevalence among 338,432 infertile individuals in Hunan, China, 2012-2018: A cross-sectional study

et al. 2020

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Background The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) varies markedly among different risk groups in China, spreading fromhigh-risk populations to the general population. Indeed, China is in a critical period of HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) prevention and control; however, data regarding HIV testing, infection and coinfection among infertile couples are lacking. This study aimed to estimate the HIV/AIDS prevalence to identify risk factors among infertile couples in Hunan, China. Methods A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of HIV/ other infections (hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), syphilis, and Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) infections) among 338,432 infertile individuals in Hunan, China, from 2012 to 2018. We calculated linear trends in prevalence using bivariate linear regression. Results The overall prevalence rates of HIV, chlamydia, gonorrhea, MG, syphilis, and HBV and HCV antibody positivity in this study were 0.04%, 1.73%, 0.05%, 2.60%, 2.15%, 12.01% and 0.56%, respectively. The predominant infection was HBV, followed by MG, syphilis, and chlamydia. Only 1.13% of the participants (382/338432) reported sexually transmitted disease (STD) signs and symptoms suggesting genital tract infection. However, from 2012-2018, the variation in HIV prevalence was not significant (β = 0.000, P TREND = 0.907). The characteristics of the HIV-infected infertile population have not shifted dramatically, with women accounting for 32.56% of HIV cases in China. Overall, 87.60% of HIV-infected individuals have a relatively low education. In total, 37.98% of HIV-positive patients engage in high-risk behaviors.

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Evolving HIV Epidemiology in Mainland China: 2009–2018

Cited by 24 publications

References 72 publications

The Challenge of Potential Drug–Drug Interactions Among People Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy: A Cross-Sectional Study in Selected Provinces in China

The Challenge of Potential Drug–Drug Interactions Among People Living With HIV on Antiretroviral Therapy: A Cross-Sectional Study in Selected Provinces in China

Comparative Circulation Dynamics of the Five Main HIV Types in China

HIV prevalence among 338,432 infertile individuals in Hunan, China, 2012-2018: A cross-sectional study

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