Evolutionary stability of egg trading and parceling in simultaneous hermaphrodites: The chalk bass revisited

Crowley, Philip H.; Hart, Mary K.

doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2007.01.018

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This example clearly illustrates the need for empirical data that enable the possible strategies to be properly defined and thereby parameterize the payoff matrix of a given mating interaction to predict how mating conflicts could be resolved. This requires not just extensive knowledge about the reproductive biology of a given system, but also about how environmental conditions (such as density and predation risk) may alter the payoffs for reciprocation and defection (Crowley and Hart 2007;Hart et al 2010). Ultimately, one probably needs manipulative experiments to assess the costs and benefits of the different strategies, to corroborate the importance of particular traits and mating states, and to substantiate claims of strategies involving conditionality (see, e.g., ).…”

Section: Premating Conflicts: Routes To Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Conflict in Hermaphrodites

Schärer¹,

Janicke²,

Ramm³

2014

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol

105

142

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Hermaphrodites combine the male and female sex functions into a single individual, either sequentially or simultaneously. This simple fact means that they exhibit both similarities and differences in the way in which they experience, and respond to, sexual conflict compared to separate-sexed organisms. Here, we focus on clarifying how sexual conflict concepts can be adapted to apply to all anisogamous sexual systems and review unique (or especially important) aspects of sexual conflict in hermaphroditic animals. These include conflicts over the timing of sex change in sequential hermaphrodites, and in simultaneous hermaphrodites, over both sex roles and the postmating manipulation of the sperm recipient by the sperm donor. Extending and applying sexual conflict thinking to hermaphrodites can identify general evolutionary principles and help explain some of the unique reproductive diversity found among animals exhibiting this widespread but to date understudied sexual system.

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Section: Premating Conflicts: Routes To Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Conflict in Hermaphrodites

Schärer¹,

Janicke²,

Ramm³

2014

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol

105

142

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Subsequent work (Crowley and Hart 2007) incorporated additional key features of the system, notably streaking behavior and probabilistic partnering; in this study, egg trading and parceling were evolutionarily stable under the most plausible conditions. The discreteness of parcel number made the fitness function effectively multimodal over the range of stable parcel numbers (Crowley and Hart 2007). There was usually a range of sequential parcel numbers that were all evolutionarily stable, the lowest of which produced the highest fitness because of lower mating costs.…”

Section: Model Foundationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present analysis combines and builds on these previous approaches (Fischer 1988;Petersen and Fischer 1996;Crowley and Hart 2007;Crowley 2008) to generate evolutionary stable sex allocation and egg parceling strategies across a range of parameters appropriate for the chalk bass mating system. Parameters such as number of streakers, chance of break-up with partner(s), and chance of finding a new partner(s) (see Table 1), are linked to predation risk and density, and fitness trends are mapped across realistic environmental gradients.…”

Section: Model Foundationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Egg parceling is thought to help protect female-role investment by encouraging reciprocation by mating partners (Fischer 1980(Fischer , 1988. Egg parceling may also increase mating success in the male role for an individual that manages to sequester egg parcels to trade with alternative partner(s) once its own partner has released all of its eggs (Fischer 1980(Fischer , 1988Leonard 1991;Crowley and Hart 2007). Thus, in egg parceling, each individual may gain fitness through reproduction as both male and female in a spawning pair and through taking the male role in paired matings outside of the original partnership.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Advancing our grasp of sexual conflict depends crucially on detailed understanding of at least a few well-chosen examples, where key features can be quantified in ecological context. With this in mind, we use the chalk bass system as a model for this study because of familiarity with these animals from past theoretical and empirical work (Fischer 1984a(Fischer , b, 1988Petersen 1991;Petersen and Fischer 1996) and ongoing research of our own (Crowley and Hart 2007;Hart et al 2010;M.K. Hart, in preparation).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sexual conflicts along gradients of density and predation risk: insights from an egg-trading fish

2011

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In principle, the intensity of sexual conflict is best measured as a loss of fitness associated with the expression of conflict-related traits. But because the relevant traits may be difficult to manipulate and fitness difficult to assess, proxy variables linked to conflict intensity may provide important tools for empirical measurement. Here we identify two common types of sexual conflict-one within mating pairs over the less expensive male role, and one between mating pairs and intruders seeking to obtain fertilizations-and consider how they vary in intensity along gradients of population density and predation risk. To do this, we develop and analyze a model of mating dynamics in the chalk bass, an egg-trading simultaneous hermaphrodite that lives on Caribbean coral reefs. In this species, within-pair sexual conflict leads each female-role partner to provide in each mating episode only a subset (parcel) of its egg clutch to its mate for fertilization. Pair-intruder sexual conflict (i.e., sperm competition) increases the proportion of the gonad allocated to male function. In the model, more parceling and greater male allocation both resulted in lower fitness at the ESS, our measure of conflict intensity. Male allocation increased along the density gradient but decreased along the predation-risk gradient, reflecting shifts in intrusion frequency. Parcel number sharply increased and then decreased more gradually along a gradient of increasing local density, initially responding to increased availability of alternative mates across low densities and then to diminishing clutch size toward higher densities. Parcel number decreased with predation risk as each mating episode became more dangerous. Conflict intensities were usually greatest at intermediate positions along the two environmental gradients, and each conflict ameliorated the intensity of the other. Overall, parceling and sex allocation may be good though imperfect proxies for intensities of within-pair and pair-intruder sexual conflicts among chalk bass.

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Mate choice and reproductive conflict in simultaneous hermaphrodites

Anthes

2010

Animal Behaviour: Evolution and Mechanisms

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Evolutionary stability of egg trading and parceling in simultaneous hermaphrodites: The chalk bass revisited

Cited by 18 publications

References 34 publications

Sexual Conflict in Hermaphrodites

Sexual Conflict in Hermaphrodites

Sexual conflicts along gradients of density and predation risk: insights from an egg-trading fish

Mate choice and reproductive conflict in simultaneous hermaphrodites

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