Evolutionary relationships of casque-headed tree frog with co-ossified skulls (family Hylidae)

Abstract

hylids have been derived from several phyletic lines. In each case the individual lines have undergone similar types of modifications in response to similar environmental situations. These frogs, which seemingly represent a reversal in the evolutionary trend in hylids, show several unique morphological characteristics by which they are functionally adapted to specialized modes of existence, first alluded to by Cope (1865:194) in reference to Triprion petasatiis: "It is interesting that an animal living in rocky situations should present such a cranial bony development; this, in connection with its colors, no doubt, aids especially in concealment, and is another instance of the Creator's bountiful care for his humblest creatures." AcknowledgmentsThe completion of this study has been possible largely through the cooperation of museum curators and owners of private collections who have loaned, donated, or provided data for many valuable specimens. For their cooperation, I thank Mr.

Skeletal morphology and postmetamorphic ontogeny of Acris crepitans (Anura: Hylidae): A case of miniaturization in frogs

“…All specimens were deposited in the herpetological collections of the Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center at the University of Kansas (KU). In addition, three serially cross-sectioned specimens from the KU collection were examined; see Trueb (1970) for a detailed description of the histological preparation of the sectioned specimens. See Appendix for the snout-vent length (SVL), sex, and preparation methods of the specimens examined.…”

“…The endochoanal fenestra is located in the lateral portion of the nasal capsule, and opens into the posterior cavity. The medial portion of the endochoanal fenestra is underlain by the vomer; this bone, along with the posterior margin of the fenestra, form the rim of the choana (¼ internal naris sensu Trueb, 1970). The endochoanal fenestra lacks a lateral cartilaginous boundary.…”

Serous cutaneous glands in new world hylid frogs: An ultrastructural study on skin poisons confirms phylogenetic relationships between Osteopilus septentrionalis and Phrynohyas venulosa

“…This is part of the larger problem of the phylogeny of hylids, whose monophyly is questionable (Ford and Cannatella, 1993). Trueb (1970) assigned the Cuban tree frog to the genus Hyla (H. septentrionalis) and acknowledged its phylogenetic relationships with some South American hylids (see fig. 110) on the basis of common skull traits.…”

The Summit Herpetofauna Of Auyantepui, Venezuela: Report From The Robert G. Goelet American Museum–Terramar Expedition

“…cit.) that this species uses its head as a plug to prevent evaporative water loss needs confirmation, inasmuch as the skin is not co-ossified with the skull as in the case of other hylid genera exhibiting the behavior (Trueb, 1970).…”