Evolutionary relationship amongBothriocephalus parasitized in grass carpCtenopharyngodon idellus (C. et V.), common carpCytpinus carpio L. and Ma Kou YuOpariichthys bidens Günther in China

Genetic differentiation in populations of the cestode Bothriocephalus acheilognathi (Cestoda, Pseudophyllidea) as revealed by eight microsatellite markers

“…It would be interesting to determine the presence of these common alleles in other B. acheilognathi populations. The common alleles may be regarded as the connection between an evolving population and an original population from which evolving populations were derived, as suggested by Maruyama & Fuerst (1984), thus providing supportive evidence for the speculation by Liao & Lun (1998) that C. carpio might be the original host of B. acheilognathi. As all cestodes found in CSH were collected from a single host (Table 1), the heterozygote deficiencies and departure from Hardy-Weinberg expectations at all loci for the population indicated that the infrapopulation may represent an immediate group of interbreeding individuals in agreement with the overdominance model (Bullini, 1982).…”

Occurrence of Bothriocephalus acheilognathi (Cestoda, Bothriocephallidea) in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella in the Changjiang River drainage

“…Subsequently, it has been found distributed widely across China in more than 20 species of cyprinid fishes (Chen, 1984;Wang et al, 1987;Nie et al, 2000;Liao, 2007). Although it demonstrates a wide geographical distribution and low host specificity, Liao and Lun (1998) and Liao (2007) infected grass carp is restricted to the Zhujiang (Pearl) River drainage and the infected common carp primarily occurs in the northern area of China and the upper reaches of Changjiang (Yangtze) River. To date, the presence of B. acheilognathi has not been recorded in the grass carp from the Changjiang River drainage and its northern area.…”

“…J. OCEANOL. LIMNOL., 29(3), 2011 from the grass carp could not be established in the Changjiang River basin (Liao and Lun, 1998;Liao, 2007). Therefore, we needed to confirm whether this tapeworm was native to the Changjiang River drainage or has been transported from the Zhujiang River system.…”

“…In addition to the common carp and grass carp, B. acheilognathi has been detected in many wild fishes obtained from the major river systems in China, for example, Opsariichthys bidens and Squaliobarbus curriculus from Liaohe River (northeastern China) (Chen, 1984) (Wang et al, 1987;Liao and Lun, 1998;Nie et al, 2000;Luo et al, 2002);and O. bidens, Z. platypus, S. curriculus, H. leucisculus, and Sinilabeo rendahli from the Zhujiang River drainage (southern China) (Liao and Shi, 1956;Liao, 2007). During the course of our investigation, we continuously found several new hosts for B. acheilognathi, for example, Gobiobotia boulengeri, Abbottina rivularis, and Gnathopogon imberbis from the Changjiang River drainage and Schizothorax pseudaksaiensis from Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (northwestern China).…”

“…The occurrence of more than 20 definitive hosts in China may imply that B. acheilognathi has low host specificity. However, Liao and Lun (1998) and Feng and Liao (2000) detected distinct genetic differentiation in B. acheilognathi among the common carp, grass carp, and O. bidens by using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. A study of the population genetic structure of B. acheilognathi by using microsatellite markers also revealed limited gene flow between the populations in the host C. dabryi, H. leucisculus, C. erythropterus, and the common carp from the Changjiang River drainage (Luo et al, 2003).…”