Evolutionary Rates in the Adaptive Radiation of Beetles on Plants

Farrell, Brian D.; Sequeira, Andrea S.

doi:10.1111/j.0014-3820.2004.tb00484.x

Cited by 79 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…Most insect phytophagy is highly host-specific (Bernays and Chapman 1994, Termonia et al 2001, Farrell andSequeira 2004). Therefore, one might expect more types of damage, particularly mines and specialized damage, on a more diverse bulk flora (Price 1991(Price , 2002, in accord with the general observation that insect richness correlates with plant species richness (e.g., Siemann et al 1996, Wright and Samways 1998, Knops et al 1999, Hawkins and Porter 2003.…”

Section: Floral Diversity and Insect Damagementioning

confidence: 94%

Fossil insect folivory tracks paleotemperature for six million years

Currano

Labandeira

Wilf

2010

Ecological Monographs

114

138

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Abstract. Paleoecological studies enhance our understanding of biotic response to climate change because they consider timescales not accessible through laboratory or ecological studies. From 60 to 51 million years ago (Ma), global temperatures gradually warmed to the greatest sustained highs of the last 65 million years. Superimposed on this gradual warming is a transient spike of high temperature and pCO 2 (partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere; the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum 55.8 Ma) and a subsequent short-term cooling event (;54 Ma). The highly resolved continental fossil record of the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, USA, spans this interval and is therefore uniquely suited to examine the long-term effects of temperature change on the two dominant groups in terrestrial ecosystems, plants and insect herbivores. We sampled insect damage on fossil angiosperm leaves at nine well-dated localities that range in age from 52.7 to 59 Ma. A total of 9071 leaves belonging to 107 species were examined for the presence or absence of 71 insect-feeding damage types. Damage richness, frequency, and composition were analyzed on the bulk floras and individual host species. Overall, there was a strong positive correlation between changes in damage richness and changes in estimated temperature, a weak positive relationship for damage frequency and temperature, and no significant correlation for floral diversity. Thus, insect damage richness appears to be more sensitive to past climate change than to plant diversity, although plant diversity in our samples only ranges from 6 to 25 dicot species. The close tracking of the richness of herbivore damage, a presumed proxy for actual insect herbivore richness, to both warming and cooling over a finely divided, extended time interval has profound importance for interpreting the evolution of insects and plant-insect associations in the context of deep time. Our results also indicate that increased insect herbivory is likely to be a net long-term effect of anthropogenic warming.

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Section: Floral Diversity and Insect Damagementioning

confidence: 94%

Fossil insect folivory tracks paleotemperature for six million years

Currano

Labandeira

Wilf

2010

Ecological Monographs

114

138

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“…They all lack some important higher taxa and/or the relationships within Cerambycidae s.l. lack consistent resolution and strong statistical support (see Haddad & McKenna, 2016 for review) whether the studies focused on Phytophaga (Farrell, 1998;Marvaldi et al, 2009), Chrysomeloidea (Reid, 1995;Farrell, 1998;Farrell & Sequeira, 2004;Gómez-Zurita et al, 2007Wang et al, 2013), Coleoptera Lawrence et al, 2011;Bocak et al, 2014;McKenna et al, 2015) or even Cerambycidae s.s. (Raje et al, 2016). Consequently, many aspects of chrysomeloid classification and evolution, particularly those concerning Cerambycidae s.l., remain the subject of consider- Svacha & Lawrence, 2014); early host plant associations (gymnosperms versus angiosperms); etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anchored hybrid enrichment provides new insights into the phylogeny and evolution of longhorned beetles (Cerambycidae)

Haddad

Shin

Lemmon

et al. 2017

Systematic Entomology

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Abstract. Cerambycidae is a species-rich family of mostly wood-feeding (xylophagous) beetles containing nearly 35 000 known species. The higher-level phylogeny of Cerambycidae has never been robustly reconstructed using molecular phylogenetic data or a comprehensive sample of higher taxa, and its internal relationships and evolutionary history remain the subjects of ongoing debate. We reconstructed the higher-level phylogeny of Cerambycidae using phylogenomic data from 522 single copy nuclear genes, generated via anchored hybrid enrichment. Our taxon sample (31 Chrysomeloidea, four outgroup taxa: two Curculionoidea and two Cucujoidea) included exemplars of all families and 23 of 30 subfamilies of Chrysomeloidea (18 of 19 non-chrysomelid Chrysomeloidea), with a focus on the large family Cerambycidae. Our results reveal a monophyletic Cerambycidae s.s. in all but one analysis, and a polyphyletic Cerambycidae s.l. When monophyletic, Cerambycidae s.s. was sister to the family Disteniidae. Relationships among the subfamilies of Cerambycidae s.s. were also recovered with strong statistical support except for Cerambycinae being made paraphyletic by Dorcasomus Audinet-Serville (Dorcasominae) in the nucleotide (but not amino acid) trees. Most other chrysomeloid families represented by more than one terminal taxon -Chrysomelidae, Disteniidae, Vesperidae and Orsodacnidae -were monophyletic, but Megalopodidae was rendered paraphyletic by Cheloderus Gray (Oxypeltidae). Our study corroborates some relationships within Chrysomeloidea that were previously inferred from morphological data, while also reporting several novel relationships. The present work thus provides a robust framework for future, more deeply taxon-sampled, phylogenetic and evolutionary studies of the families and subfamilies of Cerambycidae s.l. and other Chrysomeloidea.

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“…However, it has become apparent that the diversity of phytophagous insects is not explained solely by specialization onto particular plant lineages, as tissue specialization (Strong et al 1984;Farrell 1998;Marvaldi et al 2002) and phenological partitioning (Feder 1998;Feder and Filchak 1999) have been shown to permit greater coexistence and/or facilitate speciation. Indeed, the plant substrate attacked has been shown to be more highly correlated with beetle phylogeny than host-taxon use (Marvaldi et al 2002;Farrell and Sequeira 2004). In addition, plant substrate may have a substantial influence on the evolution of specialization and host use overlap because of a greater population regulation by natural enemies for external feeders (and therefore lower levels of competition) and greater levels of competition for internal feeders (see review in Peterson and Denno 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological and Evolutionary Diversification of the Seed Beetle Genus Stator (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae)

Morse

Farrell

2005

Evolution

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Abstract. Ehrlich and Raven's (1964) hypothesis on coevolution has stimulated numerous phylogenetic studies that focus on the effects of plant defensive chemistry as the main ecological axis of phytophagous insect diversification. However, other ecological features affect host use and diet breadth and they may have very different consequences for insect evolution. In this paper, we present a phylogenetic study based on DNA sequences from mitochondrial and protein-coding genes of species in the seed beetle genus Stator, which collectively show considerable interspecific variation in host affiliation, diet breadth, and the dispersal stage of the seeds that they attack. We used comparative analyses to examine transitions in these three axes of resource use. We argue that these analyses show that diet breadth evolution is dependent upon colonizing novel hosts that are closely or distantly related to the ancestral host, and that oviposition substrate affects the evolution of host-plant affiliation, the evolution of dietary specialization, and the degree to which host plants are shared between species. The results of this study show that diversification is structured by interactions between different selective pressures and along multiple ecological axes.Key words. Coevolution, cytochrome oxidase 1, elongation factor 1-alpha, insect-plant interaction, molecular systematics, specialization. The extraordinary species diversity of phytophagous insects ranks as one of the major features of evolution (Simpson 1953) and there is a growing body of research aimed at describing the patterns of this diversity and explaining the processes that have caused it. Much of the impetus for this field is derived from Ehrlich and Raven's (1964) influential essay on butterfly and plant codiversification, in which they proposed that chemically diverging host-plant species form the main ecological axis along which phytophagous insects diversify. This coevolutionary model is essentially one of adaptive radiation in which a certain insect lineage colonizes a novel resource and then diversifies, both ecologically and evolutionarily, as its daughter lineages specialize onto the codiversifying host plants. Insect diet breadth becomes increasingly restricted as divergence in plant defensive chemistry creates increasing disruptive selection on host use. Ultimately this creates (1) a pattern of correlation, but not necessarily one of cospeciation, between insect and host-plant phylogenies (referred to in this paper as phylogenetic conservatism) accompanied by (2) increasing dietary specialization, the latter resulting in a consistent generalist-to-specialist phylogenetic polarity (phylogenetic trajectory). Because of the influence and explanatory power of this model, most research on the macroevolution of phytophagous insect diversification has focused on testing these specific hypotheses.Consistent empirical evidence for conservatism in host use by insects (e.g., Mitter et al.

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Evolutionary Rates in the Adaptive Radiation of Beetles on Plants

Cited by 79 publications

References 121 publications

Fossil insect folivory tracks paleotemperature for six million years

Fossil insect folivory tracks paleotemperature for six million years

Anchored hybrid enrichment provides new insights into the phylogeny and evolution of longhorned beetles (Cerambycidae)

Ecological and Evolutionary Diversification of the Seed Beetle Genus Stator (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae)

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