Evolutionary Perspectives on the Nature of Sibling Conflict: the Impact of Sex, Relatedness, and Co-residence

Salmon, Catherine; Hehman, Jessica A.

doi:10.1007/s40806-015-0013-9

Cited by 35 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…However, these differences almost disappeared with age. This is an interesting finding, indicating that despite the many documented differences between full and half siblings (e.g., Salmon & Hehman, 2015;Tanskanen et al, 2016), geographical differences between full and half siblings are negligible in contemporary Finland, at least on a regional scale. Future research should preferably investigate the topic with more detailed measures of geographical distance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Close kin tend to have strong social relations throughout their lives (Hamilton, ; Neyer & Lang, ; Rotkirch, ; Salmon & Hehman, ). Family ties are characterised by substantial flows of support and assistance, also in contemporary wealthy and urbanised societies (e.g., Madsen et al, ; Mulder & Kalmijn, ; Stewart‐Williams, ; White & Riedmann, ; Wrzus, Hanel, Wagner, & Neyer, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Migration patterns of parents, children and siblings: Evidence for patrilocality in contemporary Finland

Ghosh

Berg

Bhattacharya

et al. 2018

Population Space and Place

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Family members are known to serve as geographical attractors in migration, yet evidence for sex‐biased family migration in developed societies is mixed. We investigate gender differences in migration of family members in Finland. Using the FinnFamily register data set (N = 60,000 index individuals and their close kin), we explore family coresidence and migration within the 19 administrative regions of Finland in 1970–2012. We study the propensity for regional migration by gender and age, the likelihood for children to reside in the same region as their parents and to reunite after migration to different regions, and whether siblings function as regional attractors. Finland experienced intense regional migration to the capital area during the study period. Individual migration propensity peaked at infancy and at 18–28 years. Throughout their lives, most Finns live in the same region as their family members: over 65% with parents, over 55% with full sibling(s), and over 50% with half sibling(s). Siblings are likely to migrate to the same region, and having more siblings strengthens this attraction. Results also indicate some degree of patrilocality. Daughters migrate earlier and with higher rates than sons, whereas sons are at any age more likely to live in the same region as their parents. The propensity for adult brothers to live in the same region is also higher than for other sibling pairs. Family members serve as important geographical attractors to each other through the life course in contemporary Finland, and this is more pronounced for males than for females.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration patterns of parents, children and siblings: Evidence for patrilocality in contemporary Finland

Ghosh

Berg

Bhattacharya

et al. 2018

Population Space and Place

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similarly, Salmon and Hehman (2015) found that college students who were living together with siblings had more conflicts with full-than half-siblings. However, compared with these previous studies, the present study has ' (2002) sample was much smaller (n = 192 families) than the large MCS data, and thus they could not restrict the analyses to dual-earner and dual-carer families.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…However, compared with these previous studies, the present study has ' (2002) sample was much smaller (n = 192 families) than the large MCS data, and thus they could not restrict the analyses to dual-earner and dual-carer families. As for Salmon and Hehman (2015), they used a small-scale (n = 345 young adults) and non-representative sample of college students. In addition to genetic relatedness, several other factors were found to be associated with sibling conflicts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sibling Conflicts in Full- And Half-Sibling Households in the Uk

et al. 2016

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Sibling relations are by nature ambivalent with high levels of both altruistic helping and competition. Higher relatedness is often assumed to reduce the occurrence of conflicts between siblings, but evidence of this has been scarce and mixed. Siblings typically compete over resources and parental attention, and parental constellations vary with sibship types. Since full-siblings compete over the same two biological parents, while half-siblings have only one shared biological parent and often a higher number of parents overall, it is hypothesized that conflicts are more common between full- than half-siblings. This study tested this assumption using the British Millennium Cohort Study (n=7527 children at age 11). Conflicts were measured as children's reports of how much siblings picked on and hurt each other. Households with full-siblings only, maternal half-siblings only, and both full- and maternal half-siblings were compared. The results show that children who were living with only their full-siblings were more likely to experience sibling conflicts compared with children living with their maternal half-siblings only. This was the case also after controlling for several potentially confounding variables. The results suggest that differential access to parental resources of available biological and step-parents may explain the higher amount of sibling conflict between full- compared with maternal half-siblings.

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Neural correlates of static and dynamic social decision‐making in real‐time sibling interactions

Hernandez‐Pena,

Koch,

Bilek

et al. 2024

Human Brain Mapping

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In traditional game theory tasks, social decision‐making is centered on the prediction of the intentions (i.e., mentalizing) of strangers or manipulated responses. In contrast, real‐life scenarios often involve familiar individuals in dynamic environments. Further research is needed to explore neural correlates of social decision‐making with changes in the available information and environmental settings. This study collected fMRI hyperscanning data (N = 100, 46 same‐sex pairs were analyzed) to investigate sibling pairs engaging in an iterated Chicken Game task within a competitive context, including two decision‐making phases. In the static phase, participants chose between turning (cooperate) and continuing (defect) in a fixed time window. Participants could estimate the probability of different events based on their priors (previous outcomes and representation of other's intentions) and report their decision plan. The dynamic phase mirrored real‐world interactions in which information is continuously changing (replicated within a virtual environment). Individuals had to simultaneously update their beliefs, monitor the actions of the other, and adjust their decisions. Our findings revealed substantial choice consistency between the two phases and evidence for shared neural correlates in mentalizing‐related brain regions, including the prefrontal cortex, temporoparietal junction (TPJ), and precuneus. Specific neural correlates were associated with each phase; increased activation of areas associated with action planning and outcome evaluation were found in the static compared with the dynamic phase. Using the opposite contrast, dynamic decision‐making showed higher activation in regions related to predicting and monitoring other's actions, including the anterior cingulate cortex and insula. Cooperation (turning), compared with defection (continuing), showed increased activation in mentalizing‐related regions only in the static phase, while defection, relative to cooperation, exhibited higher activation in areas associated with conflict monitoring and risk processing in the dynamic phase. Men were less cooperative and had greater TPJ activation. Sibling competitive relationship did not predict competitive behavior but showed a tendency to predict brain activity during dynamic decision‐making. Only individual brain activation results are included here, and no interbrain analyses are reported. These neural correlates emphasize the significance of considering varying levels of information available and environmental settings when delving into the intricacies of mentalizing during social decision‐making among familiar individuals.

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Evolutionary Perspectives on the Nature of Sibling Conflict: the Impact of Sex, Relatedness, and Co-residence

Cited by 35 publications

References 26 publications

Migration patterns of parents, children and siblings: Evidence for patrilocality in contemporary Finland

Migration patterns of parents, children and siblings: Evidence for patrilocality in contemporary Finland

Sibling Conflicts in Full- And Half-Sibling Households in the Uk

Neural correlates of static and dynamic social decision‐making in real‐time sibling interactions

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