Evolutionary Perspectives on Situations

Neel, Rebecca; Brown, Nicolas A.; Sng, Oliver

doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190263348.013.9

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…People are also likely to strategically modify situations so as to facilitate the satisfaction of specific fitness‐relevant motives (Buss, ). In general, this perspective on the psychology of situations offers a generative approach to defining situations and understanding their psychological features (see Neel, Brown, & Sng, in press).…”

Section: Additional Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution and human motivation: A fundamental motives framework

Schaller

Kenrick

Neel

et al. 2017

Social & Personality Psych

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An evolutionary perspective on human motivation provides a means of identifying conceptually distinct motivational systems (including motives pertaining to self‐protection, disease avoidance, affiliation, status, mate acquisition, mate retention, and parental care), each of which has unique implications for affect, cognition, and behavior. We provide an illustrative summary of some of these empirically documented implications—including those pertaining to individual differences in chronic motivational tendencies, as well as additional implications that follow from temporary activation of these motivational systems. We also summarize a variety of broader implications—both conceptual and practical—that follow from this framework.

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Section: Additional Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution and human motivation: A fundamental motives framework

Schaller

Kenrick

Neel

et al. 2017

Social & Personality Psych

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“…Across studies, we identified three subgroups of single individuals with distinct patterns of fundamental social motives. However, it is important to note that all the reported data were collected after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which arguably could have affected people's motivational priorities (Neel et al, 2020). This raises the question of how generalizable the findings may be to single individuals in the prepandemic period.…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

What social lives do single people want? A person-centered approach to identifying profiles of social motives among singles.

Park¹,

MacDonald²,

Impett³

et al. 2023

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

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Despite the worldwide increase in unpartnered individuals (i.e., singles), little research exists to provide a comprehensive understanding of the heterogeneity within this population. In the present research (N = 3,195), we drew on the fundamental social motives framework to provide a theory-based description and understanding of different “types” of single individuals. Across two Western samples (primarily European and American) and one Korean sample (all collected during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020–2021), we identified three groups of singles with relatively consistent motivational patterns: (a) singles with strong independence motives and little interest in affiliation, mating, or status (i.e., independent profile); (b) singles with great interest in self-protection as well as social connections and status (i.e., socially focused profile); and (c) singles with little interest in self-protection but moderate interest in affiliation (i.e., low safety focus profile). Notably, these profile features did not perfectly replicate in one smaller Western sample collected before the pandemic (particularly the low safety focus profile), highlighting the need to interpret the data with the historical background in mind. Across samples, the independence-oriented group of singles consistently reported greater satisfaction with singlehood compared to other groups. The three groups of singles also showed substantial differences in other affective and behavioral variables (e.g., how they spend their social time). These findings advance the growing body of research on singlehood by offering new theoretical perspectives on different types of singles.

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“…Our environment involves a wide array of information, creating almost unlimited number of aspects which might affect our behaviour. An effective method for understanding situations is to look at basic elements which constitute a situation (Neel et al, 2020 ). Rauthmann et al ( 2015 ) have proposed that information in situations can be conveyed at three levels: cues, characteristics, and classes.…”

Section: Elements Of Behavioural Contextsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Identifying specific behavioural contexts in which nonverbal vocalisations are produced requires an analysis of potential situation classes. One way to catalogue such situations is to leverage existing work on non-human animal behaviour (Neel et al, 2020 ). This work points to situations that are likely to produce functional behaviour across species.…”

Section: Elements Of Behavioural Contextsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sounds like a fight: listeners can infer behavioural contexts from spontaneous nonverbal vocalisations

Kamiloğlu,

Sauter

2023

Cognition and Emotion

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When we hear another person laugh or scream, can we tell the kind of situation they are in – for example, whether they are playing or fighting? Nonverbal expressions are theorised to vary systematically across behavioural contexts. Perceivers might be sensitive to these putative systematic mappings and thereby correctly infer contexts from others’ vocalisations. Here, in two pre-registered experiments, we test the prediction that listeners can accurately deduce production contexts (e.g. being tickled, discovering threat) from spontaneous nonverbal vocalisations, like sighs and grunts. In Experiment 1, listeners (total n = 3120) matched 200 nonverbal vocalisations to one of 10 contexts using yes/no response options. Using signal detection analysis, we show that listeners were accurate at matching vocalisations to nine of the contexts. In Experiment 2, listeners ( n = 337) categorised the production contexts by selecting from 10 response options in a forced-choice task. By analysing unbiased hit rates, we show that participants categorised all 10 contexts at better-than-chance levels. Together, these results demonstrate that perceivers can infer contexts from nonverbal vocalisations at rates that exceed that of random selection, suggesting that listeners are sensitive to systematic mappings between acoustic structures in vocalisations and behavioural contexts.

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Evolutionary Perspectives on Situations

Cited by 4 publications

References 61 publications

Evolution and human motivation: A fundamental motives framework

Evolution and human motivation: A fundamental motives framework

What social lives do single people want? A person-centered approach to identifying profiles of social motives among singles.

Sounds like a fight: listeners can infer behavioural contexts from spontaneous nonverbal vocalisations

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