Evolutionary Origins of Stemness

Ivanović, Zoran; Vlaski‐Lafarge, Marija

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800540-8.00010-7

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 161 publications

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“…Thus, close to the lower end of this range, oxygen tensions are normoxic for HSC but hypoxic for HPC and the bulk of hematopoietic cell population. This issue is reviewed elsewhere [ 23 – 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is worth noting here that, in keeping with what summarized above, the term “adaptation” is commonly used with a reverse meaning. The term refers in fact to the capacity of cells to home at the lower oxygen tensions actually found in tissues (“adaptation to hypoxia”), instead of defining the conditions enabling cells to stand the nonphysiologically elevated oxygen concentrations used for cell culture (“adaptation to hyperoxia”) [ 25 ]. When it comes to defining the metabolic peculiarity of HSC with respect to HPC, one must specify that this peculiarity does not simply consist of the compatibility with tissue “hypoxia,” as either HSC or HPC exhibit a “hypoxic” metabolic profile [ 26 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Leukemic Stem Cell Niche: Adaptation to “Hypoxia” versus Oncogene Addiction

Cheloni

Poteti

Bono

et al. 2017

Stem Cells International

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Previous studies based on low oxygen concentrations in the incubation atmosphere revealed that metabolic factors govern the maintenance of normal hematopoietic or leukemic stem cells (HSC and LSC). The physiological oxygen concentration in tissues ranges between 0.1 and 5.0%. Stem cell niches (SCN) are placed in tissue areas at the lower end of this range (“hypoxic” SCN), to which stem cells are metabolically adapted and where they are selectively hosted. The data reported here indicated that driver oncogenic proteins of several leukemias are suppressed following cell incubation at oxygen concentration compatible with SCN physiology. This suppression is likely to represent a key positive regulator of LSC survival and maintenance (self-renewal) within the SCN. On the other hand, LSC committed to differentiation, unable to stand suppression because of addiction to oncogenic signalling, would be unfit to home in SCN. The loss of oncogene addiction in SCN-adapted LSC has a consequence of crucial practical relevance: the refractoriness to inhibitors of the biological activity of oncogenic protein due to the lack of their molecular target. Thus, LSC hosted in SCN are suited to sustain the long-term maintenance of therapy-resistant minimal residual disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Leukemic Stem Cell Niche: Adaptation to “Hypoxia” versus Oncogene Addiction

Cheloni

Poteti

Bono

et al. 2017

Stem Cells International

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“…The associations of CD117 ( KIT gene) mutations with mutated signaling pathways genes are shown in Table S3 for prostate cancer as an example. As such, cells exhibiting “stemness” are those that share some, or all, properties of stem cells [ 126 , 127 ]. In fact, CD117 positive prostate cancer cells may be CSCs that express potential CSC markers Sox2 and Oct4.…”

Section: Cd117 Regulation Of Cancer Cell “Stemness”mentioning

confidence: 99%

CD117/c-kit in Cancer Stem Cell-Mediated Progression and Therapeutic Resistance

et al. 2018

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Metastasis is the primary cause of cancer patient morbidity and mortality, but due to persisting gaps in our knowledge, it remains untreatable. Metastases often occur as patient tumors progress or recur after initial therapy. Tumor recurrence at the primary site may be driven by a cancer stem-like cell or tumor progenitor cell, while recurrence at a secondary site is driven by metastatic cancer stem cells or metastasis-initiating cells. Ongoing efforts are aimed at identifying and characterizing these stem-like cells driving recurrence and metastasis. One potential marker for the cancer stem-like cell subpopulation is CD117/c-kit, a tyrosine kinase receptor associated with cancer progression and normal stem cell maintenance. Further, activation of CD117 by its ligand stem cell factor (SCF; kit ligand) in the progenitor cell niche stimulates several signaling pathways driving proliferation, survival, and migration. This review examines evidence that the SCF/CD117 signaling axis may contribute to the control of cancer progression through the regulation of stemness and resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

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“…While lipid metabolism maintains proliferation and neurogenesis (structural and energy support), glycolysis regulates NSCs development and differentiation (Knobloch et al, 2013). The metabolic activity strongly depends on oxidative saturation because in mammalian CNS oxygen regulates the growth and differentiation state of stem cells (De Filippis and Delia, 2011; Ivanovic and Vlaski-Lafarge, 2016; Sandvig et al, 2017). Dividing progenitor cells depend more on glycolysis, whereas differentiated progeny relies on energetically efficient oxidative phosphorylation occurring at low oxygen concentration.…”

Section: Extracellular Cues and Intrinsic Genetic Programs Control Thmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Stem Cell Plasticity: Advantages in Therapy for the Injured Central Nervous System

Ottoboni

Merlini

Martino

2017

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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The physiological and pathological properties of the neural germinal stem cell niche have been well-studied in the past 30 years, mainly in animals and within given limits in humans, and knowledge is available for the cyto-architectonic structure, the cellular components, the timing of development and the energetic maintenance of the niche, as well as for the therapeutic potential and the cross talk between neural and immune cells. In recent years we have gained detailed understanding of the potentiality of neural stem cells (NSCs), although we are only beginning to understand their molecular, metabolic, and epigenetic profile in physiopathology and, further, more can be invested to measure quantitatively the activity of those cells, to model in vitro their therapeutic responses or to predict interactions in silico. Information in this direction has been put forward for other organs but is still limited in the complex and very less accessible context of the brain. A comprehensive understanding of the behavior of endogenous NSCs will help to tune or model them toward a desired response in order to treat complex neurodegenerative diseases. NSCs have the ability to modulate multiple cellular functions and exploiting their plasticity might make them into potent and versatile cellular drugs.

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Evolutionary Origins of Stemness

Cited by 5 publications

References 161 publications

The Leukemic Stem Cell Niche: Adaptation to “Hypoxia” versus Oncogene Addiction

The Leukemic Stem Cell Niche: Adaptation to “Hypoxia” versus Oncogene Addiction

CD117/c-kit in Cancer Stem Cell-Mediated Progression and Therapeutic Resistance

Neural Stem Cell Plasticity: Advantages in Therapy for the Injured Central Nervous System

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