Evolutionary impact assessment of the North Sea plaice fishery

Mollet, Fabian M.; Poos, Jan Jaap; Dieckmann, Ulf; Rijnsdorp, A.D.

doi:10.1139/cjfas-2014-0568

Cited by 18 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…However, here we show that the extent of these changes can be heavily influenced by the selectivity regime, either beneficially or detrimentally for the fish stock and the fishery. This aligns with previous findings from studies on Chinook salmon (Hard et al 2009), Atlantic cod (Hutchings 2009, Kuparinen et al 2009), northern pike (Matsumura et al 2011) and North Sea plaice (Mollet et al 2016), indicating that the observations are robust over different model designs and parameterizations. Here we expand on these results and use assump-192 Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Taking animal breeding into the wild: regulation of fishing gear can make fish stocks evolve higher productivity

Zimmermann¹,

Jørgensen²

2017

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Harvesting of living resources involves conflicting objectives between profits, human consumption, population sustainability and ecological impacts. These trade-offs are often complex, as harvesting affects demography and productivity of wild populations immersed in rich ecological interactions, and consequences may extend to the evolutionary dimension. In a life-history model of a commercially harvested fish stock, the Northeast Arctic stock of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua, we show how fishing mortality and gear selectivity affect evolution of maturation age, population dynamics and fisheries yield. We focus on common management objectives, and show that taking more of the catch with gillnets that select for intermediate sizes has the potential to increase yield and reverse undesirable evolutionary effects that have taken place over the past century. We compare the high fishing pressure of past decades with the current management plan and alternative scenarios that maximize (1) food production, (2) product quality (size of individual fish in the catch), or (3) evolutionary reversal. Directing more of the catch towards individuals below or at maturation size improves sustainability and food production from fisheries while reversing evolutionary impacts. This demonstrates that evolutionarily enlightened management of size selectivity, based on existing gear types and technology, can reconcile seemingly conflicting management objectives.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Taking animal breeding into the wild: regulation of fishing gear can make fish stocks evolve higher productivity

Zimmermann¹,

Jørgensen²

2017

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…A general objective in an evolutionarily enlightened management framework should be to minimize harvest‐induced evolution and loss of adaptive potential in populations (Jørgensen et al., ). Accounting for evolutionary processes in management can potentially increase long‐term yield, the resilience to population collapse and ecosystem stability (Zimmermann & Jørgensen, ; Mollet, Poos, Dieckmann, & Rijnsdorp, ). Fishing that can maintain or increase the variability of sexually selected traits (that correlate genetically with body size) are predicted to slow evolution towards smaller body size relative to the scenario of random mating (Hutchings & Rowe, ; Uusi‐Heikkilä, Lindström, Parre, Arlinghaus, & Kuparinen, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harvesting changes mating behaviour in European lobster

Sørdalen

Halvorsen

Harrison

et al. 2018

Evolutionary Applications

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Removing individuals from a wild population can affect the availability of prospective mates and the outcome of competitive interactions, with subsequent effects on mating patterns and sexual selection. Consequently, the rate of harvest‐induced evolution is predicted to be strongly dependent on the strength and dynamics of sexual selection, yet there is limited empirical knowledge on the interplay between selective harvesting and the mating systems of exploited species. In this study, we used genetic parentage assignment to compare mating patterns of the highly valued and overexploited European lobster (Homarus gammarus) in a designated lobster reserve and nearby fished area in southern Norway. In the area open to fishing, the fishery is regulated by a closed season, a minimum legal size and a ban on the harvest of egg‐bearing females. Due to the differences in size and sex‐specific fishing mortality between the two areas, males and females are of approximately equal average size in the fished area, whereas males tend to be larger in the reserve. Our results show that females would mate with males larger than their own body size, but the relative size difference was significantly larger in the reserve. Sexual selection acted positively on both body size and claw size in males in the reserve, while it was nonsignificant in fished areas. This strongly suggests that size truncation of males by fishing reduces the variability of traits that sexual selection acts upon. If fisheries continue to target large individuals (particularly males) with higher relative reproductive success, the weakening of sexual selection will likely accelerate fisheries‐induced evolution towards smaller body size.

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“…The size-selective term is described by a sigmoidal curve (typical for trawling and long-lining, Myers & Hoenig 1997), switching from zero 308 to one around a size ‫ݓ‬ ி . Variation in mesh sizes or changes in allowable landing size 16 (e.g., minimum or maximum-length limit or the combination, a harvest slot) alters size-310 selectivity (Jørgensen et al 2009;Matsumura et al 2011;Mollet et al 2016) and is simulated by changing ‫ݓ‬ (Figure 2a). To simulate a harvest slot fishery (not to be 312 confused with a protected slot-fishery) where only a certain intermediate size-range is targeted (as is common in gill-nets) the selectivity may again go down to zero at a size 314 ‫ݓ‬ (here taken to be 10 times larger than the size where fishing starts) (Figure 2b).…”

Section: Growth and Reproduction 258mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of boldness and life history in response to selective harvesting

Andersen

Marty

Arlinghaus

2018

Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.

104

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20Whether intensive harvesting alters the behavioural repertoire of exploited fishes is currently unknown, but plausible. We extend a fish life-history model to account for 22 boldness as a personality trait that affects foraging intensity, which affects energy intake and risk from predation and fishing gear. We systematically investigate life-24 history and behavioral trait evolution along the boldness-timidity axis in response to the full range of common selectivity and exploitation patterns in fisheries. In agreement 26with previous studies we find that any type of harvesting selects for fast life histories and that merely elevated, yet unselective, fishing mortality favors boldness. We also 28 find that timid-selective fishing (which can be expected in selected species targeted by active gear types) selects for increased boldness. By contrast, increased timidity is 30 predicted when fishing targets bolder individuals common to passive gears, whether in combination with selection on size or not. Altered behavior caused by intensive 32 harvesting should be commonplace in nature, which can have far-reaching ecological, evolutionary and managerial impacts. Evolution of timidity is expected to strongly 34 erode catchability, which will negatively affect human well-being and influence the reliability of stock assessments that rely on fishery-dependent data. 36Key words: fisheries-induced evolution, timidity syndrome, personality traits, selection 38 gradients, life-history evolution Les modifications du comportement causés par la pêche intensive sont probablement 54 courants dans la nature, ce qui peut avoir d'importantes conséquences écologiques, évolutives et en termes de gestion. En particulier, l'évolution vers une plus grande 56 timidité peut éroder l'attrapabilité, affectant le bien-être des pêcheurs et la fiabilité des évaluations de stock reposant sur des données dépendantes de la pêche. 58

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Evolutionary impact assessment of the North Sea plaice fishery

Cited by 18 publications

References 69 publications

Taking animal breeding into the wild: regulation of fishing gear can make fish stocks evolve higher productivity

Taking animal breeding into the wild: regulation of fishing gear can make fish stocks evolve higher productivity

Harvesting changes mating behaviour in European lobster

Evolution of boldness and life history in response to selective harvesting

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