Evolutionary history of hepatitis C virus genotype 5a in France, a multicenter ANRS study

Henquell, Cécile; Guglielmini, Julien; Verbeeck, Jannick; Mahul, Antoine; Thibault, Vincent; Lebray, Pascal; Laperche, Syria; Trimoulet, Pascale; Foucher, Juliette; Guillou‐Guillemette, Hélène Le; Fouchard-Hubert, I.; Abravanel, Florence; Métivier, Sophie; Gaudy, Catherine; d’Altéroche, Louis; Rosenberg, Arielle R.; Podevin, Philippe; Plantier, Jean‐Christophe; Riachi, Ghassan; Saoudin, Henia; Coppéré, H; André, Élisabeth; Gournay, Jérôme; Féray, Cyrille; Vallet, Sophie; Nousbaum, Jean-Baptiste; Baazia, Y.; Roulot, Dominique; Alain, Sophie; Loustaud‐Ratti, Véronique; Schvoerer, Évelyne; Habersetzer, François; Perez-Serra, R; Gourari, Samir; Mirand, Audrey; Odent-Malaure, Hélène; Garraud, Olivier; Izopet, Jacques; Bommelaer, Gilles; Peigue-Lafeuille, H.; Ranst, Marc Van; Abergel, Armand; Bailly, Jean‐Luc

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2010.12.015

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Many medical procedures have been linked to the spread of HCV including HCV contaminated multi-dose vials 20–22 , finger stick devices 23 , and surgical procedures 24 . The spread of HCV in North America through iatrogenic sources between 1940–1960 is consistent with studies revealing the iatrogenic spread of HCV in other regions of the developed world in the same time frame; for example the post World War II spread of HCV in Russia 25 , France 26 , and Japan 18,25 . Injection drug use increased in frequency in North America in the late 1960s suggesting that if this was the main driver of the epidemic the period of peak expansion of the HCV epidemic would have coincided with the peak of injection drug use rather than much earlier as shown by our analyses.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

The spread of hepatitis C virus genotype 1a in North America: a retrospective phylogenetic study

Joy

McCloskey

Nguyen

et al. 2016

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

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Background The timing of the initial spread of hepatitis C genotype 1a in North America is controversial. In particular how and when HCV reached extraordinary prevalence in specific demographic groups remains unclear. We sought to quantify, using all available HCV sequence data and phylodynamic methods the timing of the spread of HCV genotype 1a in North America. Methods We screened 45,316 publicly available HCV genotype 1a sequences for location and genotype then conducted phylogenetic analyses of available North American sequences from five HCV genes (E1, E2, NS2, NS4B, NS5B), with an emphasis on including as many sequences with early collection dates as possible. We inferred the historical population dynamics of this regional epidemic for all five HCV gene regions using Bayesian skyline plots. Findings Our analyses suggest that the bulk of the early spread of genotype 1a in North America occurred prior to 1965, and that the HCV epidemic has undergone relatively little expansion since 1965. Furthermore, our results indicate that the HCV epidemic has stabilized as of the early 1990’s. These results were robust across all five HCV gene regions analyzed. Interpretation Our results reveal the early HCV epidemic dynamics in North America. Importantly, the expansion of genotype 1a prior to 1965 suggests that nosocomial or iatrogenic factors rather than past sporadic behavioral risk (i.e.: experimentation with injection drug use, unsafe tattooing, high risk sex, travel to high endemic areas) were key contributors to the HCV epidemic in North America. Our results may also reduce stigmatization around HCV screening and diagnosis, potentially increasing rates of HCV screening and treatment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

The spread of hepatitis C virus genotype 1a in North America: a retrospective phylogenetic study

Joy

McCloskey

Nguyen

et al. 2016

The Lancet Infectious Diseases

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“…9 In France, its prevalence is usually very low (0-3%). 10 Surprisingly, among the 5 anti-HCV-positive patients treated in our hemodialysis unit, 2 carried a 5a genotype, and both were of French origin. This is the first and only case of nosocomial HCV transmission detected in this unit since HCV testing became available in 1992.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Investigation of a Case of Genotype 5a Hepatitis C Virus Transmission in a French Hemodialysis Unit Using Epidemiologic Data and Deep Sequencing

Aho

Giraudon

Astruc

et al. 2015

Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.

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BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. A patient was recently found to be HCV seropositive during hemodialysis follow-up. OBJECTIVE To determine whether nosocomial transmission had occurred and which viral populations were transmitted. DESIGN HCV transmission case. SETTING A dialysis unit in a French hospital. METHODS Molecular and epidemiologic investigations were conducted to determine whether 2 cases were related. Risk analysis and auditing procedures were performed to determine the transmission pathway(s). RESULTS Sequence analyses of the NS5b region revealed a 5a genotype in the newly infected patient. Epidemiologic investigations suggested that a highly viremic genotype 5a HCV-infected patient who underwent dialysis in the same unit was the source of the infection. Phylogenetic analysis of NS5b and hypervariable region-1 sequences revealed a genetically related virus (>99.9% nucleotide identity). Deep sequencing of hypervariable region-1 indicated that HCV quasispecies were found in the source whereas a single hypervariable region-1 HCV variant was found in the newly infected patient, and that this was identical to the major variant identified in the source patient. Risk analysis and auditing procedures were performed to determine the transmission pathway(s). Nosocomial patient-to-patient transmission via healthcare workers' hands was the most likely explanation. In our dialysis unit, this unique incident led to the adjustment of infection control policy. CONCLUSIONS The data support transmission of a unique variant from a source with a high viral load and genetic diversity. This investigation also underlines the need to periodically evaluate prevention and control practices.

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“…The HCV4f study allowed us to obtain an ID that comprised 3010 AA protein sequences (16) . The HCV5a, the ID contained 186 AA protein sequences (15) . TheHCV6a study allowed us to obtain an ID of 3019 AA protein sequences (36) .…”

Section: Exposed Protein Databases Hcv Genotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

SEQUENCE SIMILARITY BETWEEN THYROID SELF-PROTEIN AND HEPATITIS C VIRUS POLYPROTEIN: possible triggering mechanism of autoimmune thyroiditis

Sousa

Paraná

Andrade

2016

Arq. Gastroenterol.

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-Background -Exposure to viral antigens that share amino acid sequence similar with self-antigens might trigger autoimmune diseases in genetically predisposed individuals, and the molecular mimicry theory suggests that epitope mimicry between the virus and human proteins can activate autoimmune disease. Objective -The purpose of this study is to explore the possible sequence similarity between the amino acid sequences of thyroid self-protein and hepatitis C virus proteins, using databanks of proteins and immunogenic peptides, to explain autoimmune thyroid disease. Methods -Were performed the comparisons between the amino acid sequence of the hepatitis C virus polyprotein and thyroid self-protein human, available in the database of National Center for Biotechnology Information on Basic Local Alignment Search Tool. Results -The sequence similarity was related each hepatitis C virus genotype to each thyroid antigen. The similarities between the thyroid and the viral peptides ranged from 21.0 % (31 identical residues out of 147 amino acid in the sequence) to 71.0% (5 identical residues out of 7 amino acid in the sequence). Conclusion -Bioinformatics data, suggest a possible pathogenic link between hepatitis C virus and autoimmune thyroid disease. Through of molecular mimicry is observed that sequences similarities between viral polyproteins and self-proteins thyroid could be a mechanism of induction of crossover immune response to self-antigens, with a breakdown of self-tolerance, resulting in autoimmune thyroid disease. HEADINGS -Hepacivirus. Thyroiditis. Amino acid sequence homology. Computational biology.

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Evolutionary history of hepatitis C virus genotype 5a in France, a multicenter ANRS study

Cited by 15 publications

References 27 publications

The spread of hepatitis C virus genotype 1a in North America: a retrospective phylogenetic study

The spread of hepatitis C virus genotype 1a in North America: a retrospective phylogenetic study

Investigation of a Case of Genotype 5a Hepatitis C Virus Transmission in a French Hemodialysis Unit Using Epidemiologic Data and Deep Sequencing

SEQUENCE SIMILARITY BETWEEN THYROID SELF-PROTEIN AND HEPATITIS C VIRUS POLYPROTEIN: possible triggering mechanism of autoimmune thyroiditis

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