Evolutionary history and spread of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Latin American and Mediterranean (L4.3/LAM) sublineage, Tunisia

Skhairia, Mohamed Amine; Dekhil, Naira; Mardassi, Helmi

doi:10.1016/j.tube.2022.102297

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These results confirm previous findings reporting circulation of Beijing lineage only in limited locations of the Americas like Cuba, Colombia, and Peru ( 24 ). Nevertheless, permanent genetic surveillance should be implemented within the Ecuadorian national TB surveillance program to identify active transmission clusters, as has been described, for instance, in Panama ( 37 ) or Tunisia ( 27 , 28 ). This is especially relevant considering the presence of hot spots for active transmission clusters like prisons in Latin American region ( 38 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, information from MTBC strains from Ecuador and Colombia was retrieved from the bibliography, as it has been done in similar studies ( 27 , 28 ). For the phylogenetic analysis described below, 190 MTBC strains from Colombia for the years 2012–2014 ( 4 ) and 385 MTBC strains from Ecuador from the years 2012–2016 ( 9 , 26 ) were included in the study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A first insight into tuberculosis transmission at the border of Ecuador and Colombia: a retrospective study of the population structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Esmeraldas province

Castro-Rodriguez,

Espinoza-Andrade,

Franco-Sotomayor

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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ObjectiveTuberculosis (TB) is a major public health concern in Ecuador and Colombia, considering that both countries are high-burden TB settings. Molecular epidemiology is crucial to understand the transmission dynamics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) and to identify active transmission clusters of regional importance.MethodsWe studied the potential transmission of TB between Colombia and Ecuador through the analysis of the population structure of MTBC lineages circulating in the Ecuadorian province of Esmeraldas at the border with Colombia. A total of 105 MTBC strains were characterized by 24-loci MIRU-VNTR and spoligotyping.ResultsMTBC lineage 4 is only present in Esmeraldas; no MTBC strains belonging to Lineage 2–sublineage Beijing were found despite its presence in other provinces of Ecuador and, in Colombia. Genotyping results revealed a high degree of diversity for MTBC in Esmeraldas: Neither active transmission clusters within this province nor including MTBC strains from Colombia or other provinces of Ecuador were found.ConclusionOur data suggest that tuberculosis dynamics in this rural and isolated area may be not related to highly transmitted strains but could be influenced by other health determinants that favor TB relapse such as poverty and poor health system access. Further studies including a larger number of MTBC strains from Esmeraldas are necessary to test this hypothesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A first insight into tuberculosis transmission at the border of Ecuador and Colombia: a retrospective study of the population structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Esmeraldas province

Castro-Rodriguez,

Espinoza-Andrade,

Franco-Sotomayor

et al. 2024

Front. Public Health

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“…Aside from having evolved locally, TUN4.3_CC1 has been undergoing a demographic expansion for almost 131 years ( Skhairia et al, 2023 ). Such a long diversification time could have resulted in the accumulation and/or fixation of favorable mutations, making it the most predominant clonal complex of the L4.3/LAM sublineage in Tunisia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, TUN4.3_CC1 displays higher mean allelic richness and predominates throughout the entire sampled region, indicating that it is long-established in the host population. Furthermore, maximum likelihood analysis revealed that while TUN4.3_CC1 has been undergoing a demographic expansion since 131 years ago, TUN4.3_CC2 population, by contrast, was found under contraction ( Skhairia et al, 2023 ). These findings have prompted us to undertake an in-depth analysis, based on WGS data, aimed at deciphering the origin(s) of the L4.3/LAM population in Tunisia and delineating the evolutionary forces that could have contributed to the particular success of TUN4.3_CC1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic changes underpinning the emergence of a successful Mycobacterium tuberculosis Latin American and Mediterranean clonal complex

Dekhil

Mardassi

2023

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionThe Latin American and Mediterranean sublineage (L4.3/LAM) is the most common generalist sublineage of Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineage 4 (L4), yet certain L4.3/LAM genotypes appear to be confined to particular geographic regions. This is typically the case of a L4.3/LAM clonal complex (CC), TUN4.3_CC1, which is the most preponderant in Tunisia (61.5% of L4.3/LAM).MethodsHere, we used whole-genome sequencing data of 346 globally distributed L4 clinical strains, including 278 L4.3/LAM isolates, to reconstruct the evolutionary history of TUN4.3_CC1 and delineate critical genomic changes underpinning its success.Results and DiscussionPhylogenomic coupled to phylogeographic analyses indicated that TUN4.3_CC1 has evolved locally, being confined mainly to North Africa. Maximum likelihood analyses using the site and branch-site models of the PAML package disclosed strong evidence of positive selection in the gene category “cell wall and cell processes” of TUN4.3_CC1. Collectively, the data indicate that TUN4.3_CC1 has inherited several mutations, which could have potentially contributed to its evolutionary success. Of particular interest are amino acid replacements at the esxK and eccC2 genes of the ESX/Type VII secretion system, which were found to be specific to TUN4.3_CC1, being common to almost all isolates. Because of its homoplastic nature, the esxK mutation could potentially have endowed TUN4.3_CC1 with a selective advantage. Moreover, we noticed the occurrence of additional, previously described homoplasic nonsense mutations in ponA1 and Rv0197. The mutation in the latter gene, a putative oxido-reductase, has previously been shown to be correlated with enhanced transmissibility in vivo. In sum, our findings unveiled several features underpinning the success of a locally evolved L4.3/LAM clonal complex, lending further support to the critical role of genes encoded by the ESX/type VII secretion system.

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Synthetic marvels in tuberculosis research: An in-depth review of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives as antitubercular agents

Kapila,

Bharwal,

Sharma

et al. 2024

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry Reports

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Evolutionary history and spread of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Latin American and Mediterranean (L4.3/LAM) sublineage, Tunisia

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

A first insight into tuberculosis transmission at the border of Ecuador and Colombia: a retrospective study of the population structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Esmeraldas province

A first insight into tuberculosis transmission at the border of Ecuador and Colombia: a retrospective study of the population structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Esmeraldas province

Genomic changes underpinning the emergence of a successful Mycobacterium tuberculosis Latin American and Mediterranean clonal complex

Synthetic marvels in tuberculosis research: An in-depth review of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives as antitubercular agents

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