Evolutionary Gerontology and Geriatrics

Libertini, Giacinto; Corbi, Graziamaria; Conti, Valeria; Shubernetskaya, Olga; Ferrara, Nicola

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-73774-0

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…A detailed discussion of PSs is beyond the scope of this review. However, a detailed discussion on the mechanisms and manifestations of two PSs, Werner syndrome (adult progeria) and Dyskeratosis congenita, in relation to the subtelomere-telomere theory of aging is offered in Section 7.4 (Disease due to genetic alteration that causes aging-like syndromes) of a recent book [12].…”

Section: Age-related Epigenetic Modifications and Their Relationships...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aforementioned phenomena (age-related epigenetic modifications, gradual cell senescence, cell senescence, and decline of cell turnover) exert the effect of an atrophic syndrome on either the cells with turnover (direct aging) or on the cells or structures without a turnover but which are dependent on other cells with turnover ("indirect" aging) [12,49,153]. In short, the atrophic syndrome is characterized by the following:…”

Section: The Atrophic Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cancer risk and cancer are possible consequences of telomere shortening and not an evolutionary justification for telomere shortening or aging. These alterations, expounded in detail in [12] Chapter 6 (Aging in the human species), are summarized in Figure 2. Table 1 Relationships between aging dysfunctions and the harmful effect of risk factors or the beneficial effects of protective drugs.…”

Section: The Atrophic Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 1 Relationships between aging dysfunctions and the harmful effect of risk factors or the beneficial effects of protective drugs. This table has been appropriately modified from Tables 7.8 and 8.2 in a study [12]. The references (approximately 400) are reported in the same study and are omitted here for the sake of brevity.…”

Section: The Atrophic Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This work does not want to expound or discuss arguments and evidence in support or against the two explanations, a topic that can be deepened in other works (e.g., see [11] and [12], Chapter 4). Rather, the strategies to oppose aging are discussed here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perspectives to Modify and Counter Aging in the Frame of Subtelomere–Telomere Theory of Aging

Libertini¹

2022

OBM Geriatr

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The interpretation of aging as an adaptive and programmed phenomenon implies the existence of specific genetically determined and regulated aging-causing mechanisms. This interpretation is in contrast to the explanation of aging as the gradual accumulation of the effects of harmful factors that are only partially countered by natural selection. The subtelomere–telomere theory of aging offers what is required by the interpretation of aging as a programmed phenomenon. The experimentally documented mechanisms that are part of the subtelomere–telomere theory are the repression of subtelomeric sequences (TERRA sequences) consequent to the sliding of a telomeric hood over subtelomere in proportion to telomere shortening, epigenetic modifications caused by the repression of the subtelomeric sequences, cell senescence and gradual cell senescence (which are not synonyms, as discussed in the text), progressive decline of stem cells, and effects of these phenomena over the whole organism. Evidence against the interpretation of cell senescence and telomerase restrictions as defense mechanisms against cancer is reported. Consequently, the fears that telomerase activation or senescent cell elimination are potentially oncogenic factors should be eliminated as preconceived ideas or limited on the basis of any available evidence. In the context of the mechanisms described under the subtelomere–telomere theory, three types of strategies that could be used to modify and counter the mechanisms of aging can be deduced, namely telomerase activation, senescent cell elimination, and restoration of stem cell numbers to that existing in young individuals. The limits and the potential effectiveness of these methods, already the subject of active research, are briefly discussed.

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Section: Age-related Epigenetic Modifications and Their Relationships...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Atrophic Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Atrophic Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Atrophic Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perspectives to Modify and Counter Aging in the Frame of Subtelomere–Telomere Theory of Aging

Libertini¹

2022

OBM Geriatr

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A Nonsystematic Review of the Features of Pharmacotherapy in the Elderly at the Stage of Taking Medications

Yermukhanova,

Kimatova,

Nazarbayeva

et al. 2024

The Journal of Clinical Pharma

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The human body is subservient to the age‐related changes that affect not only the outer appearance, but also organs and tissues. They also concern the processes of pharmacokinetics and dynamics. This means that the absorption, distribution and metabolism of drugs used by an elderly patient will be slowed down. Therefore, it becomes necessary to prescribe a special dosing regimen for older people. An actual problem is also that with age, many patients require more drugs than young people. This increases the risk of side effects, because many drugs are difficult to combine with each other. Pharmacy of our time is a science that is constantly developing and modernizing, which allows changing therapy for the better: prescribing drugs in smaller quantities, with a smaller range of adverse reactions and a better effect. The aim of the work is to analyze the impact and relationship of older age on the pharmacotherapy of patients, as well as the risks of drug‐induced diseases. To carry out this work, such research methods as analysis, synthesis, comparative analysis, classification, analogy, abstraction, induction and generalization were used. The features of the stages of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in the elderly were considered; studied the data of clinical studies, literature in geriatrics; the effects of a combination or increase in the dosage of drugs have been noted. After the collection of research data and the analysis, it turned out that it is real and necessary to avoid the negative consequences of pharmacotherapy in elderly and senile patients. Considering the natural age‐related changes in the condition and functioning of organs and systems, constantly monitoring the effectiveness of drugs and undesirable reactions of the body to them, adjusting treatment protocols will have a favorable result and help optimize pharmacotherapy for the elderly, reduce the risk of side effects and diseases caused by medications.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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