Evolutionary game theory meets social science: Is there a unifying rule for human cooperation?

Rosas, Alejandro

doi:10.1016/j.jtbi.2010.02.015

Cited by 28 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…In order to follow the dynamical changes on the weights of the links, we introduce an equation for the temporal evolution of the adjacency matrix A ij (t) 5) where the slope T is a function of the four opinion variables involved in each link, and the parameter D sets the time scale for link growth. Here, we assume that links get stronger if (i) their values are close to the extremes +1 (agents have firm convictions), and (ii) the difference between x and y is small (honesty strengthens relations).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of deception in social networks

et al. 2014

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Honesty plays a crucial role in any situation where organisms exchange information or resources. Dishonesty can thus be expected to have damaging effects on social coherence if agents cannot trust the information or goods they receive. However, a distinction is often drawn between prosocial lies ('white' lies) and antisocial lying (i.e. deception for personal gain), with the former being considered much less destructive than the latter. We use an agentbased model to show that antisocial lying causes social networks to become increasingly fragmented. Antisocial dishonesty thus places strong constraints on the size and cohesion of social communities, providing a major hurdle that organisms have to overcome (e.g. by evolving counter-deception strategies) in order to evolve large, socially cohesive communities. In contrast, white lies can prove to be beneficial in smoothing the flow of interactions and facilitating a larger, more integrated network. Our results demonstrate that these grouplevel effects can arise as emergent properties of interactions at the dyadic level. The balance between prosocial and antisocial lies may set constraints on the structure of social networks, and hence the shape of society as a whole.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of deception in social networks

et al. 2014

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“…Cooperative behaviour spreads rapidly when there is a pay-off from repeated encounters with individuals within a population, as demonstrated in many models based on the repeated prisoner’s dilemma (RPD) paradigm [ 62 ]. Cooperative strategies with strong reciprocity compete effectively with non-social defectors in social dilemma games across a wide range of models and frameworks [ 63 ], so it appears that reciprocity, which is a key attribute of trust in human social relationships [ 64 ], underpins cooperative behaviour. While cooperation spreads when there is memory of previous encounters with specific individuals, it can also spread when memory of an individual’s reputation for previous cooperative acts is visible as an ‘image score’ [ 59 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the Evolution of Social Structure

2016

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Although simple social structures are more common in animal societies, some taxa (mainly mammals) have complex, multi-level social systems, in which the levels reflect differential association. We develop a simulation model to explore the conditions under which multi-level social systems of this kind evolve. Our model focuses on the evolutionary trade-offs between foraging and social interaction, and explores the impact of alternative strategies for distributing social interaction, with fitness criteria for wellbeing, alliance formation, risk, stress and access to food resources that reward social strategies differentially. The results suggest that multi-level social structures characterised by a few strong relationships, more medium ties and large numbers of weak ties emerge only in a small part of the overall fitness landscape, namely where there are significant fitness benefits from wellbeing and alliance formation and there are high levels of social interaction. In contrast, ‘favour-the-few’ strategies are more competitive under a wide range of fitness conditions, including those producing homogeneous, single-level societies of the kind found in many birds and mammals. The simulations suggest that the development of complex, multi-level social structures of the kind found in many primates (including humans) depends on a capacity for high investment in social time, preferential social interaction strategies, high mortality risk and/or differential reproduction. These conditions are characteristic of only a few mammalian taxa.

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“…Game theory has been widely applied in many academic disciplines, including economics, biology, education, tourism, military strategy, international relations, law, and sociology (Esmaeili et al 2009;Frey 2010;Law and Pan 2009;Li 2011;Rosas 2010). However, few studies have been made to explore the relationship between different movie cultures with game theory.…”

Section: The Potentiality Of Game Theory In Media Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

China against Hollywood: Visible and Invisible Walls

Tian

2016

IRA-JEMS

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<div><p><em>Hollywood’s global expansion has been met with resistance in many countries. To resist Hollywood, some countries have developed their own way according to their tradition and relationship with the US in politics, economy, culture and diplomacy. Since the People’s Republic of China was founded, mainland China’s government policy, main-stream ideology, cultural values, economic status and relationship with the US have been ever changing. China is assumed to have adopted various measures to resist Hollywood. The current study suggests that game theory can provide a broad and useful guiding framework in analyzing the relationship, the strategic interactions in particular, between China and Hollywood. This article has discussed the interactions between China and Hollywood at the three stages, namely the planned-economy period (1949-1977), the transitional period of reform and opening-up (1978-1993) and the opening period of China’s film market to the West including Hollywood (1994-2009). It is argued that the game between China and Hollywood at each stage is characterized by the corresponding political and economic policies. As a result of this ongoing game, both parties will co-exist through cultural diversities and Hollywood’s expansion in China.</em></p></div>

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Evolutionary game theory meets social science: Is there a unifying rule for human cooperation?

Cited by 28 publications

References 41 publications

Effects of deception in social networks

Effects of deception in social networks

Modelling the Evolution of Social Structure

China against Hollywood: Visible and Invisible Walls

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