Evolutionary Foundations of Psychiatric Compared to Nonpsychiatric Disorders

Fàbrega, Horacio; Brüne, Martin

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-60576-0_1

Cited by 1 publication

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“…This was a great conceptual leap forward for psychiatry and medicine as a whole, yet the biopsychosocial model seems to suggest that the three dimensions have additive value in explaining the nature of disorder and disease, but are not necessarily causally related to one another. So, psychiatry still struggles with the question at what point in the diagnostic or therapeutic stage the "bio" or the "psycho" or the "social" has more weight than the other two in any individual patient (Fabrega and Brüne, 2017). Accordingly, as exemplified by depression, one can find in the literature evidence for any position suggesting that biological treatment (i.e., medication) works better than psychotherapy, psychotherapy better than medication, that a combination of the two works best, and even for harmful effects of antidepressants on depressive symptoms (e.g., Margraf and Schneider, 2016).…”

Section: Claim 2: Conceptual Difficultiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quo Vadis Psychiatry? Why It Is Time to Endorse Evolutionary Theory

2022

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In recent decades, psychiatry and the neurosciences have made little progress in terms of preventing, diagnosing, classifying, or treating mental disorders. Here we argue that the dilemma of psychiatry and the neurosciences is, in part, based on fundamental misconceptions about the human mind, including misdirected nature-nurture debates, the lack of definitional concepts of "normalcy," distinguishing defense from defect, disregarding life history theory, evolutionarily uninformed genetic and epigenetic research, the "disconnection" of the brain from the rest of the body, and lack of attention to actual behavior in real-world interactions. All these conceptual difficulties could potentially benefit from an approach that uses evolutionary theory to improve the understanding of causal mechanisms, gene-environment interaction, individual differences in behavioral ecology, interaction between the gut (and other organs) and the brain, as well as cross-cultural and across-species comparison. To foster this development would require reform of the curricula of medical schools.

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Section: Claim 2: Conceptual Difficultiesmentioning

confidence: 99%