Evolutionary dynamics of autosomal-heterosomal rearrangements in a multiple-X chromosome system of tiger beetles (Cicindelidae)

Galián, José; Proença, Sónia J. R.; Vogler, Alfried P.

doi:10.1186/1471-2148-7-158

Cited by 22 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…The other interesting feature is the W- and Z-location of rDNA in E. ambiguella , which has so far been only reported in the butterfly Bicyclus anynana [52] and the tussock moth Orgyia thyellina , though in the latter species the NOR was located in the originally autosomal part of the neo-sex chromosomes [53]. However, the sex-chromosome location of rDNA in other insects seems to be rather common as shown, for example, in tiger beetles of the genus Cicindela [54], bushcrickets of the genus Odontura [55], and Triatominae bugs [56]. In dipteran insects, the association of rDNA with sex chromosomes even seems to be an ancestral character for the whole order [57]–[60].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Chromosomal Evolution in Tortricid Moths: Conserved Karyotypes with Diverged Features

et al. 2013

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Moths of the family Tortricidae constitute one of the major microlepidopteran groups in terms of species richness and economic importance. Yet, despite their overall significance, our knowledge of their genome organization is very limited. In order to understand karyotype evolution in the family Tortricidae, we performed detailed cytogenetic analysis of Grapholita molesta, G. funebrana, Lobesia botrana, and Eupoecilia ambiguella, representatives of two main tortricid subfamilies, Olethreutinae and Tortricinae. Besides standard cytogenetic methods, we used fluorescence in situ hybridization for mapping of major rRNA and histone gene clusters and comparative genomic hybridization to determine the level of molecular differentiation of the W and Z sex chromosomes. Our results in combination with available data in the codling moth, Cydia pomonella, and other tortricids allow us a comprehensive reconstruction of chromosomal evolution across the family Tortricidae. The emerging picture is that the karyotype of a common ancestor of Tortricinae and Olethreutinae differentiated from the ancestral lepidopteran chromosome print of n = 31 by a sex chromosome-autosome fusion. This rearrangement resulted in a large neo-sex chromosome pair and a karyotype with n = 30 conserved in most Tortricinae species, which was further reduced to n = 28 observed in Olethreutinae. Comparison of the tortricid neo-W chromosomes showed differences in their structure and composition presumably reflecting stochasticity of molecular degeneration of the autosomal part of the neo-W chromosome. Our analysis also revealed conservative pattern of the histone distribution, which is in contrast with high rDNA mobility. Despite the dynamic evolution of rDNA, we can infer a single NOR-chromosome pair as an ancestral state not only in tortricids but probably in all Lepidoptera. The results greatly expand our knowledge of the genome architecture in tortricids, but also contribute to the understanding of chromosomal evolution in Lepidoptera in general.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Chromosomal Evolution in Tortricid Moths: Conserved Karyotypes with Diverged Features

et al. 2013

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“…Interestingly, the presence of rDNA sites mapped by FISH in the y chromosome as observed in D. nisus has not often been reported for Coleoptera; in Scarabaeidae, it was described in a species with a derived sex system (neo-XY) that had undergone chromosomal rearrangements which changed the position of the rDNA from autosomes to the sex bivalent [Arcanjo et al, 2009]. In Coleoptera as a whole, repositioning of rDNA clusters to sex chromosomes has been well documented, for example in tiger beetles (Cicindelidae) of the genus Cicindela , as a result of translocations between autosomes and sex chromosomes and fusion or fissions between X chromosomes [Galián et al, 2007].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic Mapping of rRNAs and Histone H3 Genes in 14 Species of Dichotomius (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae) Beetles

Cabral-de-Mello

Moura

Martins

2011

Cytogenet Genome Res

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Standard cytogenetic analyses and chromosomal mapping of the genes for 18S and 5S rRNAs and histone H3 were performed in 14 species of beetles of the genus Dichotomius (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae). Conserved karyotypes with 2n = 18 and biarmed chromosomes were observed in all species. Moreover, the presence of a large metacentric pair (pair 1) was characteristic in the studied species, evidencing a remarkable synapomorphy for this genus, which probably originated by an ancient fusion of 2 autosomes while the ancestral sex-chromosome pair remained conserved. FISH showed that the 5S rRNA and histone H3 genes are located in the proximal region of pair 2, with the 2 genes co-located. However, the major rDNA cluster probed by the 18S rRNA gene mapped to 1–3 bivalents, being exclusively autosomal, associated with sex elements, or both. In most species, the major rDNA cluster was observed in pair 3, and it was frequently (64.3%) located in the distal region regardless of the chromosome. The conserved number and position of the 5S rDNA/H3 histone cluster seems to be an ancient pattern shared by all of the studied species. In contrast, the major rDNA clusters apparently tolerate distinct patterns of diversification in the karyotypes of the species that could be associated with small inversions, ectopic recombination, and transposition. Moreover, we reinforced the association/co-localization between the 5S rRNA and histone H3 genes in this group contributing thus to the knowledge about the chromosomal organization and diversification patterns of multigene families in beetles and insects.

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“…Two of these origins involve only one or a handful of species in the genera Egadroma and Calasoma, suggesting that they arose relatively recently (Serrano 1981). However two of the origins involve the larger clades of Trechitae (Maddison and Ober 2011) and Cicindelini + Colyrinae (Galian et al 2007), and must be older. Both these clades lose the Y more rarely than expected, consistent with our predictions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Tempo and Mode of Y Chromosome Turnover: Explaining Y Chromosome Loss With the Fragile Y Hypothesis

Blackmon

Demuth

2014

Genetics

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Chromosomal sex determination is phylogenetically widespread, having arisen independently in many lineages. Decades of theoretical work provide predictions about sex chromosome differentiation that are well supported by observations in both XY and ZW systems. However, the phylogenetic scope of previous work gives us a limited understanding of the pace of sex chromosome gain and loss and why Y or W chromosomes are more often lost in some lineages than others, creating XO or ZO systems. To gain phylogenetic breadth we therefore assembled a database of 4724 beetle species' karyotypes and found substantial variation in sex chromosome systems. We used the data to estimate rates of Y chromosome gain and loss across a phylogeny of 1126 taxa estimated from seven genes. Contrary to our initial expectations, we find that highly degenerated Y chromosomes of many members of the suborder Polyphaga are rarely lost, and that cases of Y chromosome loss are strongly associated with chiasmatic segregation during male meiosis. We propose the "fragile Y" hypothesis, that recurrent selection to reduce recombination between the X and Y chromosome leads to the evolution of a small pseudoautosomal region (PAR), which, in taxa that require XY chiasmata for proper segregation during meiosis, increases the probability of aneuploid gamete production, with Y chromosome loss. This hypothesis predicts that taxa that evolve achiasmatic segregation during male meiosis will rarely lose the Y chromosome. We discuss data from mammals, which are consistent with our prediction.

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Evolutionary dynamics of autosomal-heterosomal rearrangements in a multiple-X chromosome system of tiger beetles (Cicindelidae)

Cited by 22 publications

References 44 publications

Chromosomal Evolution in Tortricid Moths: Conserved Karyotypes with Diverged Features

Chromosomal Evolution in Tortricid Moths: Conserved Karyotypes with Diverged Features

Cytogenetic Mapping of rRNAs and Histone H3 Genes in 14 Species of Dichotomius (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae) Beetles

Estimating Tempo and Mode of Y Chromosome Turnover: Explaining Y Chromosome Loss With the Fragile Y Hypothesis

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