Evolutionary domestication in <i>Drosophila subobscura</i>

Simões, Pedro; Rose, Michael R.; Duarte, Ana; Gonçalves, Rui Soles; Matos, Margarida

doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2006.01244.x

Cited by 50 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In fact, previous studies of laboratory adaptation support an unequal contribution of genotypes for the next generation, as indicated by a clear selective response in several life-history traits (Gilligan and Frankham 2003;Matos et al 2002;Simões et al 2007). Nevertheless, the N e /N values that we found are in general higher than previously reported for either captive or wild populations (Briscoe et al 1992;Frankham et al 2002).…”

Section: Genetic Variability In Laboratory Populationsmentioning

confidence: 86%

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Divergent evolution of molecular markers during laboratory adaptation in Drosophila subobscura

et al. 2010

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The impact of genetic drift in population divergence can be elucidated using replicated laboratory experiments. In the present study we used microsatellite loci to study the genetic variability and differentiation of laboratory populations of Drosophila subobscura derived from a common ancestral natural population after 49 generations in the laboratory. We found substantial genetic variability in all our populations. The high levels of genetic variability, similar across replicated populations, suggest that careful maintenance procedures can efficiently reduce the loss of genetic variability in captive populations undergoing adaptation, even without applying active management procedures with conservation purposes, in organisms that generate a high number of offspring such as Drosophila. Nevertheless, there was a significant genetic differentiation between replicated populations. This shows the importance of genetic drift, acting through changes in allele frequencies among populations, even when major changes in the degree of genetic diversity in each population are not involved.

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Section: Genetic Variability In Laboratory Populationsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…At each generation, emergences from the 24 vials within each replicate population were randomised using CO 2 anaesthesia. Adult population sizes ranged, in general, between 600 and 1,200 individuals (see Matos et al 2002;Simões et al 2007 for further details).…”

Section: Foundation and Maintenance Of The Laboratory Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergent evolution of molecular markers during laboratory adaptation in Drosophila subobscura

et al. 2010

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“…The response to the selection pressures of domestication in Drosophila reaches a plateau in less than 100 generations (e.g. Simoes et al 2007) and in C. maculatus in even less time (e.g. Messina et al 2009).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual conflict and the gender load: correlated evolution between population fitness and sexual dimorphism in seed beetles

Arnqvist

Tuda

2009

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Although males and females share much of the same genome, selection is often distinct in the two sexes. Sexually antagonistic loci will in theory cause a gender load in populations, because sex-specific selection on a given trait in one sex will compromise the adaptive evolution of the same trait in the other sex. However, it is currently not clear whether such intralocus sexual conflict (ISC) represents a transient evolutionary state, where conflict is rapidly resolved by the evolution of sexual dimorphism (SD), or whether it is a more chronic impediment to adaptation. All else being equal, ISC should manifest itself as correlated evolution between population fitness and SD in traits expressed in both sexes. However, comparative tests of this prediction are problematic and have been unfeasible. Here, we assess the effects of ISC by comparing fitness and SD across distinct laboratory populations of seed beetles that should be well adapted to a shared environment. We show that SD in juvenile development time, a key life-history trait with a history of sexually antagonistic selection in this model system, is positively related to fitness. This effect is due to a correlated evolution between population fitness and development time that is positive in females but negative in males. Loosening the genetic bind between the sexes has evidently allowed the sexes to approach their distinct adaptive peaks.

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“…Prior to starting selection experiments, it is essential to adapt the outbred population to the lab, in itself a novel environment to which the population is exposed (Simões et al, 2007;Santos et al, 2010). Major changes may occur in the population structure during this period of adaptation to laboratorial conditions, both in flies and associated microbiome.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Nature to the Lab: Establishing Drosophila Resources for Evolutionary Genetics

Faria

Sucena

2017

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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In recent years important tools have been developed in Drosophila to capture with the greatest possible accuracy the variation found in nature. Efforts, such as the Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP) or the Drosophila Synthetic Population Resource (DSPR) allied to the advances in whole-genome sequencing and analysis have propelled to unprecedented level our capacity to dissect the genotype-phenotype map. However, several practical problems arise upstream of these analyses starting with the collection and identification of wild specimens. These problems are dealt with in different ways by each researcher generating solutions not necessarily compatible across laboratories. Here, we provide a systematic coverage of every phase of this process based on our experience, and suggest procedures to maximize and share the generated resources potentiating future applications. We propose a detailed pipeline to guide researchers from collection in the wild to the development of a large array of molecular and genetic resources. We designed a multiplex-PCR that distinguishes sister species D. melanogaster and D. simulans and is diagnostic of the presence/absence of Wolbachia infection. These procedures may extend to other cryptic species pairs and endosymbionts. We developed a standardized protocol to create, replicate and maintain isofemale lines and outbred populations. Finally, we explore the potential of outbred populations across several applications from experimental evolution, to introgression of transgenic constructs or mutant alleles, and genomic analyses. We hope to contribute to the success in developing Drosophila resources for evolutionary genetics studies and facilitate exchanges across laboratories based on a common set of procedures.

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Evolutionary domestication in Drosophila subobscura

Cited by 50 publications

References 37 publications

Divergent evolution of molecular markers during laboratory adaptation in Drosophila subobscura

Divergent evolution of molecular markers during laboratory adaptation in Drosophila subobscura

Sexual conflict and the gender load: correlated evolution between population fitness and sexual dimorphism in seed beetles

From Nature to the Lab: Establishing Drosophila Resources for Evolutionary Genetics

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