Evolutionary concept of inflammatory response and stroke

Ďuriš, Kamil; Jurajda, Michal

doi:10.1002/jnr.24392

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…In our study, the outcome of PCV3 inoculation to CDCD piglets indicates PCV3 infection cannot induce obvious clinical symptoms and pathological changes. The appearance of clinical symptoms and the severity of the disease may be affected by the immune status of pigs [ 38 , 39 ], stress factors that cause systemic inflammation [ 40 , 41 ], or coinfection with other pig pathogens [ 42 , 43 ]. The cumulative results in our study demonstrated that PCV3 trend to low pathogenicity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenic Characterization of a Porcine Circovirus Type 3 Isolate from Heilongjiang, China

Wang

et al. 2021

Disease Markers

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The clinical outcome of porcine circovirus 3 (PCV3) infection is still controversial. Herein, a novel PCV3 isolate (PCV3-China/DB-1/2017) with the molecular characterization of 24A and 27K in the Cap protein was used to inoculate three-week-old cesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived piglets. The nine PCV3 DB-1 inoculated piglets exhibited no obvious clinical symptoms or macroscopic lesions. PCV3 displayed a broad histotropism, including the heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, brain, lymph nodes, and tonsil, and the lungs and lymph nodes contained a higher quantity of viral genomes compared to that of the other organs. From 7 days after PCV3 DB-1 inoculation, the piglets showed obvious IgG antibody responses against PCV3 rCap-VLPs. The cumulative results demonstrated that PCV3 trend to low pathogenicity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenic Characterization of a Porcine Circovirus Type 3 Isolate from Heilongjiang, China

Wang

et al. 2021

Disease Markers

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“…Stroke is the third leading cause of death globally, and ∼80% of all strokes are ischemic strokes, which occur when brain cells die of reduced blood supply to various parts of the brain (1)(2)(3). Within minutes after the onset of stroke, immune processes are activated by ischemic cascades, from intravascular events triggered by the occlusion and moving of vessels to brain parenchymal inflammatory responses, leading to tissue damage and repair (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). The pathophysiological features of ischemic stroke, such as the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (11), the release of ATP and UTP by dying cells (12), and the loss of beneficial nitric oxide (NO) in states of oxidative stress (13), can trigger the activation of a neuroinflammatory response (14)(15)(16)(17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monocyte Transmodulation: The Next Novel Therapeutic Approach in Overcoming Ischemic Stroke?

et al. 2020

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The immune response following neuroinflammation is a vital element of ischemic stroke pathophysiology. After the onset of ischemic stroke, a specialized vasculature system that effectively protects central nervous system tissues from the invasion of blood cells and other macromolecules is broken down within minutes, thereby triggering the inflammation cascade, including the infiltration of peripheral blood leukocytes. In this series of processes, blood-derived monocytes have a significant effect on the outcome of ischemic stroke through neuroinflammatory responses. As neuroinflammation is a necessary and pivotal component of the reparative process after ischemic stroke, understanding the role of infiltrating monocytes in the modulation of inflammatory responses may offer a great opportunity to explore new therapies for ischemic stroke. In this review, we discuss and highlight the function and involvement of monocytes in the brain after ischemic injury, as well as their impact on tissue damage and repair.

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“…From an evolutionary point of view, stroke is affecting the two most important systems for survival (nervous and immune), it’s usually happening after the reproduction phase and it’s not compatible with life in the wilderness [ 23 ]. Having that in mind, it is possible that the immune system is overreacting and not trying to establish homeostasis.…”

Section: Preconditioning In Strokementioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Aspects of Inflammation and Immune Response in Stroke

Nikolić

Janković

Petrović³

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Genetic determinants play important role in the complex processes of inflammation and immune response in stroke and could be studied in different ways. Inflammation and immunomodulation are associated with repair processes in ischemic stroke, and together with the concept of preconditioning are promising modes of stroke treatment. One of the important aspects to be considered in the recovery of patients after the stroke is a genetic predisposition, which has been studied extensively. Polymorphisms in a number of candidate genes, such as IL-6, BDNF, COX2, CYPC19, and GPIIIa could be associated with stroke outcome and recovery. Recent GWAS studies pointed to the variant in genesPATJ and LOC as new genetic markers of long term outcome. Epigenetic regulation of immune response in stroke is also important, with mechanisms of histone modifications, DNA methylation, and activity of non-coding RNAs. These complex processes are changing from acute phase over the repair to establishing homeostasis or to provoke exaggerated reaction and death. Pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics of stroke cures might also be evaluated in the context of immuno-inflammation and brain plasticity. Potential novel genetic treatment modalities are challenged but still in the early phase of the investigation.

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Evolutionary concept of inflammatory response and stroke

Cited by 13 publications

References 84 publications

Pathogenic Characterization of a Porcine Circovirus Type 3 Isolate from Heilongjiang, China

Pathogenic Characterization of a Porcine Circovirus Type 3 Isolate from Heilongjiang, China

Monocyte Transmodulation: The Next Novel Therapeutic Approach in Overcoming Ischemic Stroke?

Genetic Aspects of Inflammation and Immune Response in Stroke

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