Evolutionary and taxonomic relationships among Far‐Eastern salmonid fishes inferred from mitochondrial DNA divergence

Shedko, S. V.; Ginatulina, L. K.; Parpura, I. Z.; Ermolenko, A. V.

doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.1996.tb00081.x

Cited by 37 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In all of our supermatrix analyses, Parahucho perryi was sister to the ( Salvelinus , Oncorhynchus ) group, corroborating other findings [4], [10], [21], [22], [31], [81]. Strong support for the genus validity of Parahucho and its sister taxa designation with ( Salvelinus , Oncorhynchus ) was obtained both in the maximum likelihood (99% bootstrap value) and Bayesian (100% posterior probability) analyses on MitoNuc-NT despite the conflicting genomic signals detected in the MP analysis on that supermatrix.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Framing the Salmonidae Family Phylogenetic Portrait: A More Complete Picture from Increased Taxon Sampling

2012

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Considerable research efforts have focused on elucidating the systematic relationships among salmonid fishes; an understanding of these patterns of relatedness will inform conservation- and fisheries-related issues, as well as provide a framework for investigating evolutionary mechanisms in the group. However, uncertainties persist in current Salmonidae phylogenies due to biological and methodological factors, and a comprehensive phylogeny including most representatives of the family could provide insight into the causes of these difficulties. Here we increase taxon sampling by including nearly all described salmonid species (n = 63) to present a time-calibrated and more complete portrait of Salmonidae using a combination of molecular markers and analytical techniques. This strategy improved resolution by increasing the signal-to-noise ratio and helped discriminate methodological and systematic errors from sources of difficulty associated with biological processes. Our results highlight novel aspects of salmonid evolution. First, we call into question the widely-accepted evolutionary relationships among sub-families and suggest that Thymallinae, rather than Coregoninae, is the sister group to the remainder of Salmonidae. Second, we find that some groups in Salmonidae are older than previously thought and that the mitochondrial rate of molecular divergence varies markedly among genes and clades. We estimate the age of the family to be 59.1 MY (CI: 63.2-58.1 MY) old, which likely corresponds to the timing of whole genome duplication in salmonids. The average, albeit highly variable, mitochondrial rate of molecular divergence was estimated as ∼0.31%/MY (CI: 0.27–0.36%/MY). Finally, we suggest that some species require taxonomic revision, including two monotypic genera, Stenodus and Salvethymus. In addition, we resolve some relationships that have been notoriously difficult to discern and present a clearer picture of the evolution of the group. Our findings represent an important contribution to the systematics of Salmonidae, and provide a useful tool for addressing questions related to fundamental and applied evolutionary issues.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Divergence times throughout our phylogeny are generally older than those estimated by some previous studies [27], [31], [102]–[105]. It is important to interpret these estimates with caution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Framing the Salmonidae Family Phylogenetic Portrait: A More Complete Picture from Increased Taxon Sampling

2012

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“…Nonetheless, hybrids exist [[24-26], Additional File 1], some evidence of introgression has been reported [28] and in captivity, F 1 hybrids and their progeny (backcrosses and F2) are viable [Alekseev S., unpublished data]. Thus, one or more mechanisms must be operating to prevent higher levels of introgression, such as selection against hybrids in nature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolutionary history of sharp- and blunt-snouted lenok (Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773)) and its implications for the paleo-hydrological history of Siberia

et al. 2008

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BackgroundBroad-scale phylogeographic studies of freshwater organisms provide not only an invaluable framework for understanding the evolutionary history of species, but also a genetic imprint of the paleo-hydrological dynamics stemming from climatic change. Few such studies have been carried out in Siberia, a vast region over which the extent of Pleistocene glaciation is still disputed. Brachymystax lenok is a salmonid fish distributed throughout Siberia, exhibiting two forms hypothesized to have undergone extensive range expansion, genetic exchange, and multiple speciation. A comprehensive phylogeographic investigation should clarify these hypotheses as well as provide insights on Siberia's paleo-hydrological stability.ResultsMolecular-sequence (mtDNA) based phylogenetic and morphological analysis of Brachymystax throughout Siberia support that sharp- and blunt-snouted lenok are independent evolutionary lineages, with the majority of their variation distributed among major river basins. Their evolutionary independence was further supported through the analysis of 11 microsatellite loci in three areas of sympatry, which revealed little to no evidence of introgression. Phylogeographic structure reflects climatic limitations, especially for blunt-snouted lenok above 56° N during one or more glacial maxima. Presumed glacial refugia as well as interbasin exchange were not congruent for the two lineages, perhaps reflecting differing dispersal abilities and response to climatic change. Inferred demographic expansions were dated earlier than the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Evidence for repeated trans-basin exchange was especially clear between the Amur and Lena catchments. Divergence of sharp-snouted lenok in the Selenga-Baikal catchment may correspond to the isolation of Lake Baikal in the mid-Pleistocene, while older isolation events are apparent for blunt-snouted lenok in the extreme east and sharp-snouted lenok in the extreme west of their respective distributions.ConclusionSharp- and blunt-snouted lenok have apparently undergone a long, independent, and demographically dynamic evolutionary history in Siberia, supporting their recognition as two good biological species. Considering the timing and extent of expansions and trans-basin dispersal, it is doubtful that these historical dynamics could have been generated without major rearrangements in the paleo-hydrological network, stemming from the formation and melting of large-scale glacial complexes much older than the LGM.

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“…A previous study based on the isozymes LDH, MDH, ADH, GDH and EST (Qin & Wang, 1989), showed overlap between B. tsinlingensis and B. lenok. However, mtDNA data are considered more efficient in delineating fish species (Meyer, 1993;Hillis et al 1996) and has been broadly used in taxonomic studies of Salmonidae (Shedko et al 1996;Hansen et al 2003;Xia et al 2006;Froufe et al 2008;Crete-Lafreniere et al 2012;Si et al 2012;Shedko et al 2013;Liu et al 2014).…”

Section: Ditscussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revalidation and redescription of Brachymystax tsinlingensis Li, 1966 (Salmoniformes: Salmonidae) from China

Xing¹,

Lv²,

Ye³

et al. 2015

Zootaxa

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Brachymystax tsinlingensis Li, 1966 is revalidated and redescribed. It can be distinguished from all congeners by the following combination of characteristics: no spots on operculum; gill rakers 15-20; lateral-line scales 98-116; pyloric caeca 60-71. Unique morphological characters and genetic divergence of this species are discussed. This species has a limited distribution in several streams of the middle part of the Qinling Mountains in China. Methods for management and protection of B. tsinlingensis need to be re-evaluated.

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Evolutionary and taxonomic relationships among Far‐Eastern salmonid fishes inferred from mitochondrial DNA divergence

Cited by 37 publications

References 23 publications

Framing the Salmonidae Family Phylogenetic Portrait: A More Complete Picture from Increased Taxon Sampling

Framing the Salmonidae Family Phylogenetic Portrait: A More Complete Picture from Increased Taxon Sampling

The evolutionary history of sharp- and blunt-snouted lenok (Brachymystax lenok (Pallas, 1773)) and its implications for the paleo-hydrological history of Siberia

Revalidation and redescription of Brachymystax tsinlingensis Li, 1966 (Salmoniformes: Salmonidae) from China

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