Evolutionary and ecological insights from herbicide‐resistant weeds: what have we learned about plant adaptation, and what is left to uncover?

Baucom, Regina S.

doi:10.1111/nph.15723

Cited by 157 publications

(181 citation statements)

References 181 publications

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“…When the timing of an abrupt environmental change is known, the rate that adaptation proceeded can also be determined, or at least bounded. Cases of rapid adaptation, within a few to tens of generations, are now well known for a variety of taxa and include adaptation that followed changes in edaphic conditions (Antonovics and Bradshaw 1970;Al-Hiyaly et al 1993), introduction of herbicides (Vigueira et al 2013;Baucom 2019) or predators (Fisk et al 2007), and changing climate (Franks et al 2007;Geerts et al 2015). These examples of rapid adaptation to local conditions reveal capacity for adaptation to environmental differences from standing genetic variation (Barrett and Schluter 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

Additive genetic variance for lifetime fitness and the capacity for adaptation in an annual plant

et al. 2019

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The immediate capacity for adaptation under current environmental conditions is directly proportional to the additive genetic variance for fitness, VA(W). Mean absolute fitness, trueW¯, is predicted to change at the rate VA(W)normalW¯, according to Fisher's Fundamental Theorem of Natural Selection. Despite ample research evaluating degree of local adaptation, direct assessment of VA(W) and the capacity for ongoing adaptation is exceedingly rare. We estimated VA(W) and normalW¯in three pedigreed populations of annual Chamaecrista fasciculata, over three years in the wild. Contrasting with common expectations, we found significant VA(W) in all populations and years, predicting increased mean fitness in subsequent generations (0.83 to 6.12 seeds per individual). Further, we detected two cases predicting “evolutionary rescue,” where selection on standing VA(W) was expected to increase fitness of declining populations (normalW0.28em¯< 1.0) to levels consistent with population sustainability and growth. Within populations, inter‐annual differences in genetic expression of fitness were striking. Significant genotype‐by‐year interactions reflected modest correlations between breeding values across years, indicating temporally variable selection at the genotypic level that could contribute to maintaining VA(W). By directly estimating VA(W) and total lifetime trueW¯, our study presents an experimental approach for studies of adaptive capacity in the wild.

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confidence: 99%

Additive genetic variance for lifetime fitness and the capacity for adaptation in an annual plant

et al. 2019

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“…While there is strong evidence in support of genetic parallelism from cases of target-site resistance in other species [9,53], the genetic basis of non-target site resistance remains uncharacterized in most weeds [53,54]. Thus, we do not have a clear idea of the genetic mechanisms responsible for non-target site resistance, nor do we know how often the same mechanism is responsible for non-target site resistance across resistant lineages of the same weed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Parallel and nonparallel genomic responses contribute to herbicide resistance in Ipomoea purpurea, a common agricultural weed

et al. 2020

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The repeated evolution of herbicide resistance has been cited as an example of genetic parallelism, wherein separate species or genetic lineages utilize the same genetic solution in response to selection. However, most studies that investigate the genetic basis of herbicide resistance examine the potential for changes in the protein targeted by the herbicide rather than considering genome-wide changes. We used a population genomics screen and targeted exome re-sequencing to uncover the potential genetic basis of glyphosate resistance in the common morning glory, Ipomoea purpurea, and to determine if genetic parallelism underlies the repeated evolution of resistance across replicate resistant populations. We found no evidence for changes in 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), glyphosate's target protein, that were associated with resistance, and instead identified five genomic regions that showed evidence of selection. Within these regions, genes involved in herbicide detoxification-cytochrome P450s, ABC transporters, and glycosyltransferasesare enriched and exhibit signs of selective sweeps. One region under selection shows parallel changes across all assayed resistant populations whereas other regions exhibit signs of divergence. Thus, while it appears that the physiological mechanism of resistance in this species is likely the same among resistant populations, we find patterns of both similar and divergent selection across separate resistant populations at particular loci.

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“…Or how early owering trait is correlated to herbicide resistance? According to Baucam [45], an alteration in a life-history trait in a resistant lineage can be caused by the resistance allele itself (a pleiotropic effect) or could result from genetic linkage between the resistance allele and genes that control the life-history trait. However, the herbicide resistance allele in the R P. fugax population was a point Ile-2041-Asn mutation in the plastidic ACCase gene [46], and there has no evidence showing direct correlation of ACCase with owering time regulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overexpression of AGAMOUS-like gene PfAG5 promotes early flowering in Polypogon fugax

Zhang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract Background: Herbicides are the major tool for controlling large populations of yield depleting weeds. However, overreliance on herbicides has resulted in weed adaptation and herbicide resistance. In recent years, early flowering weed species related to herbicide resistance is emerging, which may cause seed loss before crop harvest, creating a new problem for non-chemical weed management. However, mechanisms regulating early flowering in weedy species is rarely investigated. Results: The MADS-box gene family plays an important role in flowering time regulation and floral organogenesis. In this study, a homolog gene of AGAMOUS sub-family (referred to as PfAG5) of the MADS-box family was cloned from plants of an early flowering Polypogon fugax population resistant to the ACCase inhibitor herbicide (clodinafop-propargyl). The PfAG5 gene was functionally characterized in Arabidopsis thaliana. Over-expression of the PfAG5 gene in Arabidopsis resulted in early flowering with abnormal flowers (e.g. small petals, short plants and reduced seed set) compared to the wild type. The expression of the PfAG5 gene was high in leaves and flowers, but low in pods in transgenic Arabidopsis. The PfAG5 gene was earlier and higher expressed in the resistant (R) than the susceptible (S) P. fugax plants. Furthermore, one protein (FRIGIDA-like protein) interacting with PfAG5 in R P. fugax was identified by the yeast two-hybrid system with relevance to flowering time regulation. Conclusions: These results suggest that the PfAG5 gene is involved in modulating early flowering in P. fugax. This study provides the first evidence for the regulation mechanism of early flowering in an herbicide resistant weed species.

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Evolutionary and ecological insights from herbicide‐resistant weeds: what have we learned about plant adaptation, and what is left to uncover?

Cited by 157 publications

References 181 publications

Additive genetic variance for lifetime fitness and the capacity for adaptation in an annual plant

Additive genetic variance for lifetime fitness and the capacity for adaptation in an annual plant

Parallel and nonparallel genomic responses contribute to herbicide resistance in Ipomoea purpurea, a common agricultural weed

Overexpression of AGAMOUS-like gene PfAG5 promotes early flowering in Polypogon fugax

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