Evolutionary analysis of five bryophyte families using virtual fossils

Zander, Richard H.

doi:10.3989/ajbm.2224

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Zander (2009) argued that many or even most new species arise out of more broadly distributed ancestral species that are phylogenetically structured, so the newly evolved species will be phylogenetically embedded within a larger ancestral taxon, rendering the latter paraphyletic (Zander 2007). Zander (2009) thus proposed that traditional taxa resolved as paraphyletic or polyphyletic based upon gene tree analyses may be interpreted as populations of surviving ancestors that are phenotypically static through processes like stabilizing selection, whereas the newly evolving species experienced faster morphological evolution, perhaps because of smaller effective population sizes.…”

Section: Hedenäs 2008mentioning

confidence: 99%

The application of molecular data to the phylogenetic delimitation of species in bryophytes: A note of caution

Vanderpoorten¹,

Shaw²

2014

Phytotaxa

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Molecular phylogenetics has been of prime importance in revisiting traditional taxonomic hypotheses, and this is especially true in taxa with reduced morphologies like bryophytes. Sequence identity at one or a few loci, as well as evidence for species para-or polyphyly, have been increasingly used to lump species. While sequence identity at loci that are usually variable within the group of interest can provide some incentive for additional study of such species, it does by no means alone provide sufficient evidence for synonymization. Similarly, the strict requirement that all species must be demonstrably monophyletic is equivalent to adopting an uncompromsing view that reproductive isolation (i.e., the biological species concept) is the only valid evidence for species status, and that all species have to be 100% isolated. Some modes of speciation lead to paraphyletic species or even phylogenetic networks. We therefore encourage case by case evaluation of all available data rather than applying a single criterion such as monophyly. We make some suggestions about how to use molecular data in the circumscription of bryophyte species.

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Section: Hedenäs 2008mentioning

confidence: 99%

The application of molecular data to the phylogenetic delimitation of species in bryophytes: A note of caution

Vanderpoorten¹,

Shaw²

2014

Phytotaxa

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“…Another possible explanation for incongruencies of gene trees and species trees is hybridization [40]. Alternatively, these results may be viewed as the persistence of isolated ancestral molecular races that form their own molecular lin-eages in evolutionary stasis [42] and have their own phylogenetically distinct descendant morphospecies. At this point, we cannot decide which of the mechanisms may explain the inconsistencies of the rbcL tree with the ITS tree and the morphological data, but in any case, the ITS tree is in good accordance with the morphological data and only a minor fraction of the samples shows these problems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herzog Vindicated: Integrative Taxonomy Reveals That Trichostomum brachydontium (Pottiaceae, Bryophyta) Comprises Several Species

Ros

Werner

Porley³

2022

Taxonomy

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The morphologically variable moss Trichostomum brachydontium is very common in south and west Europe, particularly under Mediterranean and Atlantic climates. A morphological study was conducted alongside a molecular phylogenetic study based on nr ITS and cp-rbcL regions in order to assess if T. brachydontium is an exceptionally polymorphic species as evidenced by the number of described infraspecific taxa in the last century or, alternatively, if it includes more than one species, and if so, to find the valid name for them. Phylogenetic analyses of both nuclear and chloroplast datasets show that there are four well-supported clades. While the ITS-based tree is in good agreement with the morphological data, there are a few inconsistencies with reference to the rbcL tree; this may be explained by incomplete lineage sorting by hybridization or by the persistence of isolated ancestral molecular races. The morphological survey revealed well-defined discriminate differences between the four phylogenetic lineages. The taxonomic conclusions include the recognition of four species: T. brachydontium s.s., T. herzogii (a new name proposed for var. cuspidatum), T. littorale, and T. meridionale (a new name proposed for var. densum). Lectotypes are designated for T. brachydontium and T. littorale. Our results underline the ongoing need of integrative studies to examine further the underestimated diversity of the T. brachydontium complex in other regions.

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“…Molecular cladograms of the authors of papers having to do with the Pottiaceae have in the past been examined (Zander, 2008a,b;20092014a,b,c) for two kinds of evolutionary information helpful in devising an evolution-based classification. (1) Heterophyly, meaning paraphyly or short-range apparent molecular polyphyly, which is taken to imply serial macroevolution, that is, one taxon giving rise to another of equal or higher rank.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infraspecific molecular trees are associated with serial macroevolution in Pottiaceae (Bryophyta)

Zander¹

2019

Ukr.Bot.J.

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The analytic orientation of this paper is intended as a replacement for the antiquated but still prevalent phylogenetic inferential models and techniques of the late 20 th сentury that are focused entirely on shared descent. Serial descent, that is, progenitor to descendant, may occur at the species or infraspecies level. In molecular systematics, species level paraphyly occurs when two examples of the same species are separated on a cladogram by a second species. This implies linear macroevolution of the second species from the first. Molecular cladograms often show cladistic structure (branching) among examples of the same species. If well-supported, such indicates a potential for evolution. A range of infraspecific and intraspecific cladistic structure in species of Pottiaceae (Bryophyta) was demonstrated in previously published molecular cladograms and data sets of other authors. This includes well-supported cladistic structure of molecular strains, and well-supported paraphyly involving other species. Large numbers of base pair changes among strains are considered here evidence of evolvability and increasing age of a species. Infraspecific strains are apparently lost in older species through speciation and extinction. Cluster analysis using DNA metadata of Oxystegus species matched published molecular cladograms to a large extent. The fact that apparent molecular strains are present in both nonparaphyletic and paraphyletic species, about half the species studied, shore up the theory that internal racial differentiation at the molecular level leads to or signals serial descent of multiple extant morphotaxa. It is because much infraspecific molecular cladistic structure exists that newly speciated taxa are already strongly cladistically dichotomized. Thus, the ultimate source of molecular paraphyly is internal to each species, and does not imply polyphyly by convergent species or cryptic taxa. Molecular systematics cannot effectively model progenitor-descendant radiation. Species with many strains are potential sources of future biological diversity. Recognition of differential evolvability may allow facilitation of complex, interactive, diverse ecosystems successfully tracking climate change.

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Evolutionary analysis of five bryophyte families using virtual fossils

Cited by 7 publications

References 54 publications

The application of molecular data to the phylogenetic delimitation of species in bryophytes: A note of caution

The application of molecular data to the phylogenetic delimitation of species in bryophytes: A note of caution

Herzog Vindicated: Integrative Taxonomy Reveals That Trichostomum brachydontium (Pottiaceae, Bryophyta) Comprises Several Species

Infraspecific molecular trees are associated with serial macroevolution in Pottiaceae (Bryophyta)

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