Evolution of viscera and muscle fractional protein synthesis rate in lean meat selected hybrids and castrated Duroc pigs fed under moderate crude protein restriction

Sarri, Laura; Balcells, J.; Fuente, Gabriel de la; Tör, M.; Gómez-Arrue, Javier; Seradj, A. R.

doi:10.1016/j.animal.2021.100220

Cited by 4 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Authors are aware of the limiting number of animals per group with the 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design to reach consistency in both results and conclusions. The present study was part of a complex trial in which animals' protein and lipid metabolisms were also studied [15]. In addition, the collection of samples from ileum, cecum and distal colon involved the slaughter of the animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ambient temperature during the entire experimental period was maintained between 23.5 and 25 • C, under a mechanical ventilation system and natural light. Moreover, animals of the same PP and PT were placed in groups of four in 55% concrete slatted-floor pens (2.1 × 2 m 2 ) for the first 9 days, and then placed individually in metabolic cages during the last 6 days, as was previously described in [15]. On the last day of the trial, pigs were sacrificed, and the contents of ileum, cecum and distal colon were collected simultaneously for microbial characterization.…”

Section: Animals Diets and Sampling Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DM: dry matter; FM: fresh matter; ME: metabolizable energy, NDF: neutral detergent fiber 2. The vitamin and mineral mixture composition is available in Sarri et al[15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Genetics on Gut Microbiota of Growing and Fattening Pigs under Moderate N Restriction

Sarri

Costa-Roura

Balcells

et al. 2021

Animals

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Characterization of intestinal microbiota is of great interest due to its relevant impact on growth, feed efficiency and pig carcass quality. Microbial composition shifts along the gut, but it also depends on the host (i.e., age, genetic background), diet composition and environmental conditions. To simultaneously study the effects of producing type (PT), production phase (PP) and dietary crude protein (CP) content on microbial populations, 20 Duroc pigs and 16 crossbred pigs (F2), belonging to growing and fattening phases, were used. Half of the pigs of each PT were fed a moderate CP restriction (2%). After sacrifice, contents of ileum, cecum and distal colon were collected for sequencing procedure. Fattening pigs presented higher microbial richness than growing pigs because of higher maturity and stability of the community. The F2 pigs showed higher bacterial alpha diversity and microbial network complexity (cecum and colon), especially in the fattening phase, while Duroc pigs tended to have higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in cecum segment. Lactobacillus was the predominant genus, and along with Streptococcus and Clostridium, their relative abundance decreased throughout the intestine. Although low CP diet did not alter the microbial diversity, it increased interaction network complexity. These results have revealed that the moderate CP restriction had lower impact on intestinal microbiota than PP and PT of pigs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Animals Diets and Sampling Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Genetics on Gut Microbiota of Growing and Fattening Pigs under Moderate N Restriction

Sarri

Costa-Roura

Balcells

et al. 2021

Animals

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“…During the last 6 days, pigs were housed individually in metabolic cages (2 × 1.04 m 2 ), weighting the pigs just before housing them in the metabolic cages. For each GP, two experimental diets [standard (SP) and low (LP) protein] were formulated as previously described [ 18 ]. Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ; 5 g/kg dry matter (DM)) was included as an inert flow marker, and 290 mg/kg DM of deuterium (D)-labeled stearic acid (d 35 -C18:0; Tracer, Madrid, Spain) was also included in each experimental diet on the last 6 days of each GP.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diets were supplied ad libitum, measuring the daily feed supply and waste, and pigs had free access to drinking water. The ingredients and chemical composition of the experimental diets can be reviewed in a previous study [ 18 ], while the dietary FA composition is shown in Table 1 . Pigs were culled on day 11.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age Evolution of Lipid Accretion Rate in Boars Selected for Lean Meat and Duroc Barrows

Sarri

Balcells

Seradj

et al. 2022

Animals

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Fatty acid (FA) deposition in growing–fattening pigs is mainly based on endogenous lipid synthesis, but also direct FA incorporation from the diet. To evaluate the direct fat incorporation rates and the endogenous desaturation action of the stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) enzyme, a deuterium (D)-labeled saturated FA (d35-C18:0) was added to the diet. Sixteen three-way (3W) crossbred boars, and thirty-two purebred Duroc barrows homozygous for the SCD single nucleotide polymorphism rs80912566 (16 CC/16 TT), were used. Half of the animals of each genotype belonged to the growing and fattening phases. The fractional incorporation rate (FIR) of dietary fat in growing pigs was generally higher in adipose tissues, whereas in fattening pigs it was higher in the liver. Duroc pigs exhibited lower FIRs than 3W pigs, suggesting lower rates of endogenous synthesis by 3W pigs. Real fractional unsaturation rates (FURs) increased with age by the higher FIRs in 3W pigs and the de novo synthesis pathway in Duroc genotypes. Moreover, pigs carrying the SCD_T allele showed more enhanced oleic acid biosynthesis than Duroc CC pigs. In conclusion, suitable feeding protocols should be designed for each pig type to optimize production traits, considering that the metabolic pathway of FA for its deposition may differ.

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Protein turnover in pigs: A review of interacting factors

Sarri,

Balcells,

Seradj

et al. 2023

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Protein turnover defines the balance between two continuous and complex processes of protein metabolism, synthesis and degradation, which determine their deposition in tissues. Although the liver and intestine have been studied extensively for their important roles in protein digestion, absorption and metabolism, the study of protein metabolism has focused mainly on skeletal muscle tissue to understand the basis for its growth. Due to the high adaptability of skeletal muscle, its protein turnover is greatly affected by different internal and external factors, contributing to carcass lean‐yield and animal growth. Amino acid (AA) labelling and tracking using isotope tracer methodology, together with the study of myofiber type profiling, signal transduction pathways and gene expression, has allowed the analysis of these mechanisms from different perspectives. Positive stimuli such as increased nutrient availability in the diet (e.g., AA), physical activity, the presence of certain hormones (e.g., testosterone) or a more oxidative myofiber profile in certain muscles or pig genotypes promote increased upregulation of translation and transcription‐related genes, activation of mTORC1 signalling mechanisms and increased abundance of satellite cells, allowing for more efficient protein synthesis. However, fasting, animal aging, inactivity and stress, inflammation or sepsis produce the opposite effect. Deepening the understanding of modifying factors and their possible interaction may contribute to the design of optimal strategies to better control tissue growth and nutrient use (i.e., protein and AA), and thus advance the precision feeding strategy.

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Evolution of viscera and muscle fractional protein synthesis rate in lean meat selected hybrids and castrated Duroc pigs fed under moderate crude protein restriction

Cited by 4 publications

References 37 publications

The Impact of Genetics on Gut Microbiota of Growing and Fattening Pigs under Moderate N Restriction

The Impact of Genetics on Gut Microbiota of Growing and Fattening Pigs under Moderate N Restriction

Age Evolution of Lipid Accretion Rate in Boars Selected for Lean Meat and Duroc Barrows

Protein turnover in pigs: A review of interacting factors

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