Evolution of TOR–SnRK dynamics in green plants and its integration with phytohormone signaling networks

K, Muhammed Jamsheer; Jindal, Sunita; Laxmi, Ashverya

doi:10.1093/jxb/erz107

Cited by 69 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 281 publications

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“…In wheat, Luang et al found that a SnRK3/CIPK family member could interact with TabZIP2, a bZIP TF, and promote its activity [64]. Recently, an integrative picture was drawn, which showed that different SnRKs and TOR kinase were highly interconnected to control nutrient and stress responses of plants [65]. In apple, an apple CIPK protein kinase, MdCIPK22, targeted a novel residue of AREB transcription factor, Thr411, for ABA-induced phosphorylation, and in the ABA signaling pathway, this was a novel phosphorylation site in the CIPK-AREB regulatory module [66].…”

Section: Putative Molecular Regulatory Mechanisms Of Ghcipks In Cottonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Characterization and Analysis of CIPK Gene Family in Two Cultivated Allopolyploid Cotton Species: Sequence Variation, Association with Seed Oil Content, and the Role of GhCIPK6

Cui

Wang

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Calcineurin B-like protein-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs), as key regulators, play an important role in plant growth and development and the response to various stresses. In the present study, we identified 80 and 78 CIPK genes in the Gossypium hirsutum and G. barbadense, respectively. The phylogenetic and gene structure analysis divided the cotton CIPK genes into five groups which were classified into an exon-rich clade and an exon-poor clade. A synteny analysis showed that segmental duplication contributed to the expansion of Gossypium CIPK gene family, and purifying selection played a major role in the evolution of the gene family in cotton. Analyses of expression profiles showed that GhCIPK genes had temporal and spatial specificity and could be induced by various abiotic stresses. Fourteen GhCIPK genes were found to contain 17 non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and co-localized with oil or protein content quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Additionally, five SNPs from four GhCIPKs were found to be significantly associated with oil content in one of the three field tests. Although most GhCIPK genes were not associated with natural variations in cotton oil content, the overexpression of the GhCIPK6 gene reduced the oil content and increased C18:1 and C18:1+C18:1d6 in transgenic cotton as compared to wild-type plants. In addition, we predicted the potential molecular regulatory mechanisms of the GhCIPK genes. In brief, these results enhance our understanding of the roles of CIPK genes in oil synthesis and stress responses.

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Section: Putative Molecular Regulatory Mechanisms Of Ghcipks In Cottonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Characterization and Analysis of CIPK Gene Family in Two Cultivated Allopolyploid Cotton Species: Sequence Variation, Association with Seed Oil Content, and the Role of GhCIPK6

Cui

Wang

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…Organisms need to coordinate their growth according to nutrient availability. The Target Of Rapamycin (TOR) kinase works as a central regulator of growth in nutrient sufficiency 1,2 . Sugar and other nutrients (nitrogen, amino acids, phosphate, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sugar and other nutrients (nitrogen, amino acids, phosphate, etc.) activate TOR complex (TORC1), which is composed of TOR and the accessory proteins, Regulatory-associated protein of TOR (RAPTOR) and Lethal with Sec Thirteen 8 (LST8) 1 . TORC1 promotes general anabolism and growth 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, TORC1 was found to suppress AMPK activity through the direct phosphorylation of its α kinase subunit during starvation 7 . Thus, the double-negative feedback loop between TOR and AMPK/SnRK1 coordinates growth in eukaryotes according to nutrient availability 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rapid sensing of stress signals and induction of stress response pathways are crucial for the survival of plants on land 21 . The high TOR activity can attenuate the stress response machinery 1,22 ; therefore, plants need to maintain a homeostasis between the activities of TOR and stress signaling to balance growth and stress responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A negative feedback loop of the TOR signaling moderates growth and enables rapid sensing of stress signals in plants

Jindal

Sharma

et al. 2020

Preprint

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TOR kinase is a central coordinator of nutrient-dependent growth in eukaryotes. Maintaining optimal TOR signaling is critical for the normal development of organisms. However, the mechanisms involved in the maintenance of optimal TOR signaling are currently unknown in plants. In this study, we describe a negative feedback loop of TOR signaling helping in the adaptability of plants in changing environmental conditions. Using an interdisciplinary approach, we identified a plant-specific zinc finger protein FLZ8, as a regulator of TOR signaling in Arabidopsis. In sugar sufficiency, FLZ8 is upregulated by TOR-dependent and -independent histone modifications. FLZ8 negatively regulates TOR signaling by promoting antagonistic SnRK1 alpha1 signaling and bridging the interaction of SnRK1 alpha1 with RAPTOR, a crucial accessory protein of TOR. This negative feedback loop moderates the TOR-growth signaling axis in the favorable condition and helps in the rapid activation of stress signaling in unfavorable conditions establishing its importance in the adaptability of plants.

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Shedding Light on the Role of Phosphorylation in Plant Autophagy

Liao

Zheng

et al. 2022

FEBS Letters

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Autophagy is a highly conserved quality control process that maintains cellular health by eliminating deleterious cargoes. Compared with the extensive studies in yeast and mammalian models, the molecular details and significance of post-translational modifications (PTMs) in the autophagy process in plants remain less well defined. In this review, we discuss recent progress in our understanding of phosphorylation, one of the most extensively studied PTMs, in the regulation of autophagosome biogenesis and autophagic degradation in plants. Based on the plant mass spectrometric database, we summarize the experimentally verified phosphorylation sites of the core autophagy machinery in plants. Furthermore, we put forward several approaches to test the roles of phosphorylation in the regulation of plant autophagy.

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Evolution of TOR–SnRK dynamics in green plants and its integration with phytohormone signaling networks

Cited by 69 publications

References 281 publications

Genome-Wide Characterization and Analysis of CIPK Gene Family in Two Cultivated Allopolyploid Cotton Species: Sequence Variation, Association with Seed Oil Content, and the Role of GhCIPK6

Genome-Wide Characterization and Analysis of CIPK Gene Family in Two Cultivated Allopolyploid Cotton Species: Sequence Variation, Association with Seed Oil Content, and the Role of GhCIPK6

A negative feedback loop of the TOR signaling moderates growth and enables rapid sensing of stress signals in plants

Shedding Light on the Role of Phosphorylation in Plant Autophagy

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