Evolution of the subglacial hydrologic system beneath the rapidly decaying Cordilleran Ice Sheet caused by ice-dammed lake drainage: implications for meltwater-induced ice acceleration

Burke, Matthew J.; Brennand, Tracy A.; Perkins, Andrew J.

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2012.07.005

Cited by 28 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…As ice thinned over the British Columbia interior, a dynamic subglacial hydrologic system developed and matured (Burke et al, 2012a). Channelized subglacial flow discharged toward ice margins and into rapidly evolving ice-marginal and proglacial lakes.…”

Section: Pattern Of Deglaciationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deglaciation of the Cordillera of Western Canada at the end of the Pleistocene

Clague

2017

CIG

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Section: Pattern Of Deglaciationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deglaciation of the Cordillera of Western Canada at the end of the Pleistocene

Clague

2017

CIG

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“…Eskers are also associated with tunnel channels (or tunnel valleys) which are the erosive expression of channelized subglacial water flows and often truncate subglacial bedforms and/or till (Burke et al 2012). A few exceptionally large eskers, like the Säkylänharju-Virttaankangas complex in southwest Finland, are attributed to time-transgressive deposition within an interlobate joint between two differently behaving ice streams (Punkari 1980;Kujansuu et al 1995;Mäkinen 2003a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interlobate esker architecture and related hydrogeological features derived from a combination of high-resolution reflection seismics and refraction tomography, Virttaankangas, southwest Finland

et al. 2016

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A novel high-resolution (2-4 m source and receiver spacing) reflection and refraction seismic survey was carried out for aquifer characterization and to confirm the existing depositional model of the interlobate esker of Virttaankangas, which is part of the Säkylänharju-Virttaankangas glaciofluvial esker-chain complex in southwest Finland. The interlobate esker complex hosting the managed aquifer recharge (MAR) plant is the source of the entire water supply for the city of Turku and its surrounding municipalities. An accurate delineation of the aquifer is therefore critical for long-term MAR planning and sustainable use of the esker resources. Moreover, an additional target was to resolve the poorly known stratigraphy of the 70-100-m-thick glacial deposits overlying a zone of fractured bedrock. Bedrock surface as well as fracture zones were confirmed through combined reflection seismic and refraction tomography results and further validated against existing borehole information. The highresolution seismic data proved successful in accurately delineating the esker cores and revealing complex stratigraphy from fan lobes to kettle holes, providing valuable information for potential new pumping wells. This study illustrates the potential of geophysical methods for fast and cost-effective esker studies, in particular the digital-based landstreamer and its combination with geophone-based wireless recorders, where the cover sediments are reasonably thick.

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“…Understanding the behaviour of subglacial meltwater systems is crucial because of their influence upon substrate rheology and ice-bed coupling (Boulton & Hindmarsh, 1987;Iverson et al, 1995;Boulton, 1996;Piotrowski et al, 2004Piotrowski et al, , 2006Evans et al, 2006;Kjaer et al, 2006;Lee & Phillips, 2008;Boulton et al, 2009), and in-turn, glacier dynamics that operate over a range of temporal and spatial scales (Kamb, 1987;Bartholomew et al, 2010;Sundal et al, 2011;Robel et al, 2013). Research now recognises that these processes act to drive the expansion, break-up and collapse of major ice streams and ice masses (MacAyeal, 1993;Clark, 1994;Tulaczyk et al, 2000;Bell et al, 2007;Stokes et al, 2007;Burke et al, 2012) thus linking subglacial drainage to collapsing ice masses, sea-level change and abrupt climate change (Goezler et al, 2011;King et al, 2012;Hanna et al, 2013;Fürst et al, 2014 and references therein). Indeed, subglacial meltwater systems underpin major global issues surrounding the stability of the modern Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets, their sensitivity too and influence on current and future changes in sea-level and climate (Alley et al, 2005;Zwally et al, 2005;Shepherd & Wingham, 2007;Pfeffer et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedimentary and structural evolution of a relict subglacial to subaerial drainage system and its hydrogeological implications: an example from Anglesey, north Wales, UK

Lee

Wakefield

Phillips

et al. 2015

Quaternary Science Reviews

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Subglacial drainage systems exert a major control on basal-sliding rates and glacier dynamics. However, comparatively few studies have examined the sedimentary record of subglacial drainage. This is due to the paucity of modern analogues, the limited recognition and preservation of upper flow regime deposits within the geological record, and the difficulty of distinguishing subglacial meltwater deposits from other meltwater sediments (e.g. glacier outburst flood deposits). Within this study, the sedimentological and structural evolution of a subglacial to subaerial (ice-marginal / proglacial) drainage system is examined. Particular emphasis is placed upon the genetic development and preservation of upper flow regime bedforms and specifically recognising them within a subglacial meltwater context. Facies attributed to subglacial meltwater activity record sedimentation within a confined, but progressively enlargening, subglacial channel system produced under dune to upper flow regime conditions. Bedforms include rare large-scale sinusoidal bedding with syn-depositional deformation produced by current-induced traction and shearing within the channel margins. Subglacial sedimentation culminated with the abrupt change to a more ephemeral drainage regime indicating channel-abandonment or a seasonal drainage regime. Retreat of the ice margin, led to the establishment of subaerial drainage with phases of sheet-flow punctuated by channel incision and anastomosing channel development under diurnal, ablation-related, seasonal discharge. The presence of extensive hydrofracture networks demonstrate that proglacial groundwater-levels fluctuated markedly and this may have influenced later overriding of the site by an ice stream.

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Evolution of the subglacial hydrologic system beneath the rapidly decaying Cordilleran Ice Sheet caused by ice-dammed lake drainage: implications for meltwater-induced ice acceleration

Cited by 28 publications

References 72 publications

Deglaciation of the Cordillera of Western Canada at the end of the Pleistocene

Deglaciation of the Cordillera of Western Canada at the end of the Pleistocene

Interlobate esker architecture and related hydrogeological features derived from a combination of high-resolution reflection seismics and refraction tomography, Virttaankangas, southwest Finland

Sedimentary and structural evolution of a relict subglacial to subaerial drainage system and its hydrogeological implications: an example from Anglesey, north Wales, UK

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