Evolution of the Quaternary alluvial fan system in the Himalayan foreland basin: Implications for tectonic and climatic decoupling

Kumar, Ram; Suresh, N.; Sangode, S. J.; Kumaravel, V.

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2006.08.010

Cited by 83 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…All sedimentary fan bodies of the study area are characterized by coarse-grained deposits (Figs. 3 and 4) that seem to reflect a strong tectonic control on their evolution (Frostick & Steel 1993;Kumar et al 2007). In particular, the debris-flow-dominated fans (Type I fan, sensu Blair & McPherson 1994) of fan systems I, IV, and V indicate rapid sedimentation, linked to a fast tectonic episode of the mountain front, whereas both the debris-flow-and sheetflooddominated fans (Type II fan, sensu Blair & McPherson 1994) of fan systems II and III suggest lower sedimentation produced during a slow tectonic episode of the mountain front.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quaternary alluvial fan systems of the Agri intermontane basin (southern Italy): tectonic and climatic controls

Giano¹

2011

Geologica Carpathica

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Abstract:The Agri River high valley is a Quaternary intermontane basin located in southern Italy. The tectonic evolution of this basin was controlled by Lower Pleistocene strike-slip master faults, subsequently reactivated as normal faults until the Middle Pleistocene. The Quaternary sediments of the basin infill are mainly constituted of continental clastics, represented by coarse-grained alluvial deposits divided by unconformities. The arrangement of clastic deposits suggests that the Pleistocene to Holocene alluvial fan system developed along the eastern margin of the valley. Five generations of slope and alluvial fan systems have been recognized in the Agri basin. The oldest fans have formed on both slope and alluvial deposits. The younger alluvial fans are located along the entire valley floor and arose upon the earlier fan apexes originating in these valleys. The youngest fans are arranged in two different generations and show proximal facies distributed along the foot slopes. Plan view morphology, fan slope profiles, and sedimentary features of the fan system have been used here to determine the magnitude of the tectonic deformation episode affecting the faulted mountainous front of the Agri basin eastern margin. Both fast and slow tectonic episodes occurred during the different regional Quaternary tectonic stages that affected the southern Apennine chain. These tectonic episodes have therefore been analysed in relation to climatic conditions in order to determine their contributions to the evolution of the Pleistocene to Holocene fan systems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quaternary alluvial fan systems of the Agri intermontane basin (southern Italy): tectonic and climatic controls

Giano¹

2011

Geologica Carpathica

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“…2100 km 2 . The valley is longitudinal, intermontane, synclinally depressed bouldery (Thakur and Pandey 2004;Kumar et al 2007) filled with coarse clastic fan -Doon gravel of late Pleistocene and Holocene (Puri 1950). The valley is uniformly oriented in the NW-SE direction, with the Lesser Himalayas in the northeast and the Siwalik ranges in the southwest.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Sand and clay mineralogy of sal forest soils of the Doon Siwalik Himalayas

et al. 2011

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The peteromineralogical characterization of the soil was carried out for the 12 soil profiles exposed in the Shorea robusta dominated forests of the Siwalik forest division, Dehradun. The quartz was observed as the dominating light mineral fraction (64-80%) in all the profiles studied. Biotite, hornblende, zircon, tourmaline, rutile and opaques comprising of iron minerals constituted the heavy mineral fraction (20%). The mineralogy of both the sand and clay fractions revealed a mixed mineralogy. The clay minerals in the order of their dominance were vermiculite, illite, kaolinite and mixed layer minerals. The presence of vermiculite and illite in appreciable quantities indicates that these were synthesized from the K-rich soil solution, as orthoclase and micas were present in significant quantities in the sand minerals. The mineral suites identified in the study shows that the geological, climatological and topographical factors of the region collectively played a dominant role in their formation and transformation. After critical appraisal of the results, it may be deduced that the mineralogical composition, physicochemical properties and total elemental analysis of the soils do not show any deficiency of the bases and other plant nutrients in general. The inherent fertility of the soil is good as indicated by the sand and clay mineralogy of the soil and the biotite and feldspar together with the mica is an important source of nutrients for the vegetation in the soils of the Doon valley.

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“…1 and 2). The valley is longitudinal, intermontane, synclinally depressed boulder (Thakur and Pandey 2004;Kumar et al 2007) filled with coarse clastic fan-Doon gravel of the late Pleistocene and Holocene (Puri 1950). The valley is uniformly oriented in northwestsoutheast direction, with lesser Himalayas in the northwest and the Siwalik ranges in the southwest.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of above-ground biomass and carbon stock of an invasive woody shrub in the subtropical deciduous forests of Doon Valley, western Himalaya, India

Mandal¹,

Joshi²

2015

J. For. Res.

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This study describes the different parameters used to derive the allometric equation for calculating the biomass of an invasive woody shrub Lantana camara L. from the subtropical conditions of western Himalaya. It identifies the most accurate and convenient method for biomass calculation by comparing destructive with nondestructive methodology. Different parameters were measured on a wide range of Lantana from different community levels for the non-destructive calculation of total aboveground biomass. Different explanatory variables were identified and measured such as basal diameter either as a single independent variable or in combination with plant height. The other suitable combinations of available independent variables include crown length, crown width, crown area, crown volume and coverage of the plant. Amongst the wide range of allometric equations used with different variables, the equation with D 2 H as a variable was found to be the most suitable estimator of biomass calculation for Lantana. Sahastradhara, being the most disturbed area due to its high tourist activity round the year, showed maximum coverage (58.57 % ha -1 ), highest biomass (13,559.60 kg ha -1 ) and carbon density (6,373.01 kg ha -1 ) of Lantana. The degree of Lantana's invasiveness in subtropical conditions was also calculated on the basis of importance value index (IVI). The maximum IVI (22.77) and mean coverage (26.8 % ha -1 ) was obtained from the areas near Jolly Grant airport, indicating that physically disturbed areas are more suitable for the growth of Lantana, which may significantly increase shrub biomass. The importance of incorporating allometric equations in calculation of shrub biomass, and its role in atmospheric carbon assimilation has thus been highlighted through the findings of this study.

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Evolution of the Quaternary alluvial fan system in the Himalayan foreland basin: Implications for tectonic and climatic decoupling

Cited by 83 publications

References 48 publications

Quaternary alluvial fan systems of the Agri intermontane basin (southern Italy): tectonic and climatic controls

Quaternary alluvial fan systems of the Agri intermontane basin (southern Italy): tectonic and climatic controls

Sand and clay mineralogy of sal forest soils of the Doon Siwalik Himalayas

Estimation of above-ground biomass and carbon stock of an invasive woody shrub in the subtropical deciduous forests of Doon Valley, western Himalaya, India

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