Evolution of the exergy flow network embodied in the global fossil energy trade: Based on complex network

Hao, Xiaoqing; Qi, Hai; Gao, Xiangyun

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.04.032

Cited by 122 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…Complex network is an effective method by which to understand the essence of real economic systems [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. The main idea is to consider the relationships among various parts of real complex systems as a complex network.…”

Section: Complex Network Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern and Influencing Factors of Foreign Direct Investment Networks between Countries along the “Belt and Road” Regions

Qian

Cao

2019

Sustainability

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With the in-depth implementation of the “Belt and Road” initiative (BRI), the investment patterns between Belt and Road countries have also become more complicated. The impact of this complex investment network on regional economic development is also growing. To reveal the complexity of this investment pattern, and to better promote the sustainable development of the region’s economy, this paper used the complex network method to study the foreign direct investment(FDI) network of 50 countries along the Belt and Road from 2003 to 2017, revealing its structural and behavioral characteristics and evolution process. The results showed that the imbalance of the investment network structure is outstanding, and preferential selection behavior is obvious. The Central and Eastern European countries show significant clustering behavior. In addition, the network evolved slowly and followed the “Pareto rule” in the early stages of its evolution. The BRI was a turning point in the evolution process. On this basis, the quadratic assignment procedure (QAP) regression analysis method was used to further study the factors affecting the formation process of this investment pattern. It found that economic development level, geographical distance, and bilateral trade were the main influencing factors. Among them, bilateral trade had the greatest impact on the pattern of network.

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“…Russia cannot get rid from the economic addiction to deliveries of hydrocarbons for half a century already (Drozd & Nosal, 2012). Therefore, new structural reforms envisaged by the government in the "basic" and "target" development scenarios for the economy and the foreign trade in particular must become the main trend of the Russian foreign trade within the medium term perspective (Hao, An, Qi, & Gao, 2016). https://doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2019.12.05.32 Corresponding Author: I.…”

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development Particulars And Trends Of Foreign Trade Activities Of The Russian Federation

Тимофеева¹

2019

The European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences

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“…Many studies focused on the roles of countries or areas in the network, using indicators for properties of individual countries such as unweighted and weighted degree, clustering coefficient (Hao et al 2018), centrality (Ge et al 2016), and competitiveness (Chen et al 2016). Others described the overall structure of trade networks with indicators characterizing the network as a whole, such as density, diameter, average pathlength (Hao et al 2016), and trade stability (Ji, Zhang, and Fan 2014). To describe the internal structure of a network, trade communities were often detected using the indicator modularity (Ji, Zhang, and Fan 2014;Zhong et al 2014Zhong et al , 2017.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of the global polyethylene waste trade system

Chen

Jiang

et al. 2020

Ecosyst Health Sustain

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Introduction: China's import bans on solid wastes starting from 2017 have challenged the global trade system of plastic wastes, which remains poorly characterized. This study chooses polyethylene (PE) as a case and aims to map out the global trade networks of PE waste (GPETN) from 1976 to 2017. Outcomes: We find that the size and complexity of the GPETN had been growing until 2016. After the mid-1990s, PE waste basically flowed from developed economies, mainly the EU and the US, to developing economies such as China. Since 2001 when admitted into the WTO, China's PE waste import surged until 2014 when it absorbed over 60% of global export. Regulations on solid waste import following the Green Fence campaign in 2013 resulted in substantial reductions in China's import as well as the global export of PE waste after 2014. Several other developing economies, such as Malaysia, Turkey, and Vietnam, had transitioned to net importers, but their imports were insufficient to replace China as new recycling bases for PE waste. Conclusion: The results highlight the urgent need of a joint effort for developed and developing countries to build a stronger global circular economy system with sufficient capacity to treat PE waste locally.

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“…In addition, due to the limitations of direct energy research, most of the current research on manufacturing energy uses the concept of embodied energy, even from embedded energy to embodied exergy [9,[20][21][22]. For instance, May [23] and Jovanović et al [24] studied energy management issues in manufacturing, while Kara et al [25] investigated the impact of global manufacturing on the embodied energy of products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embodied Energy Flow Patterns of the Internal and External Industries of Manufacturing in China

2019

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The Sino–US trade war has prompted China to re-examine the development of manufacturing, while the energy crisis restricts such development. Scientifically planning industrial energy allocation is important for supporting industrial transformation and the upgrading of manufacturing. The embodied energy flow in China’s manufacturing was investigated by reconstructing the energy flow network; taking a systems perspective, a fine-grained analysis of the emerging patterns and evolution of these flows in the internal and external manufacturing industries was performed, thus providing useful insights for energy planning. The results show that in the internal and external networks of Chinese manufacturing, most of the embodied energy convergence and transmission is concentrated in a few industries Moreover, it is clear that industries with stronger embodied energy convergence and conductivity are generally more likely to be associated with industries with weak convergence and conductivity. Preferential selection is an important mechanism for the generation of embodied energy flow paths. The choices of the embodied energy flow paths of various industries exhibit the preference that ‘the rich get richer,’ and newly generated flow paths are more likely to be chosen for connectivity to a path of strong convergence or conductivity. The embodied energy flow patterns of the internal network of manufacturing mainly include two-focus and multi-focus convergence patterns, while that of the external network of manufacturing is mainly a two-focus transmission pattern. Within in-edge networks, communities of high-end manufacturing have gathered most of the embodied energy, while in out-edge networks, communities of traditional manufacturing have been key in the transmission of embodied energy. The impacts of the internal and external network types, and of the in-edge and out-edge types on the stability of the embodied energy flow pattern are separate, and the embodied energy flow pattern is stable. Based on these findings, an ‘energy-related industrial cluster’ model is proposed here to aid in energy convergence and transmission, as well as to realize network cluster synergy.

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“…Peng et al [36] discussed the change of the spatio-temporal characteristics of the global maritime crude oil trade with the "Hub-and-Spoke" structure of the tanker maritime trade. Hao et al [37] constructed a global network of fossil energy flows with countries as nodes and found that trade relations between specific countries played a key role in fossil energy trade. At the same time, they formed a major fossil energy trade group with the Russian Federation, the United States, Japan and Saudi Arabia as the core.…”

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confidence: 99%

The Impact of Slumping Oil Price on the Situation of Tanker Shipping along the Maritime Silk Road

et al. 2019

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Nearly 70% of the world’s maritime crude oil transportation relies on the Maritime Silk Road (MSR). In order to deeply explore the impact of slumping oil price on the shipping situation of tanker along the MSR, this paper establishes the relationship between monthly ship and oil price through Autoregressive Distributed Lag model. Distributions of cargo flow before and after the oil price slumped are compared to explore the changing law of tanker shipping situation. The study finds: (1) The correlation between the cargo flow situation of the tanker seaborne export and oil price, where the export cargo flow correlation is stronger than that of the import cargo flow. (2) The MSR tanker shipping situation is lagging (3 months) behind the impact of oil price. The lag effect in Europe, North Asia and East Asia is strong while that in Southeast Asia and South Asia is weak. (3) After the oil price slumped, the tanker shipping cargo flow increased less during the crude oil export stage, and the increase in the crude oil shipping trade after the transfer period was larger. The research results can provide a scientific basis for improving the decision-making ability of the crude oil shipping market and formulating maritime operations management measures.

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Evolution of the exergy flow network embodied in the global fossil energy trade: Based on complex network

Cited by 122 publications

References 37 publications

Pattern and Influencing Factors of Foreign Direct Investment Networks between Countries along the “Belt and Road” Regions

Development Particulars And Trends Of Foreign Trade Activities Of The Russian Federation

Evolution of the global polyethylene waste trade system

Embodied Energy Flow Patterns of the Internal and External Industries of Manufacturing in China

The Impact of Slumping Oil Price on the Situation of Tanker Shipping along the Maritime Silk Road

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