Evolution of the Diurnal Precipitation Cycle with the Passage of a Madden–Julian Oscillation Event through the Maritime Continent

Vincent, Claire Louise; Lane, Todd P.

doi:10.1175/mwr-d-15-0326.1

Cited by 79 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…An expression relating the horizontal phase speed and mean wind to the stratification and vertical wave number is obtained by dividing equation by k (Vincent & Lane, ),

c - U = \frac{N}{m} .

We estimate N ≈ 0.01 s −1 and U ≈ 4 m s −1 from ERA‐Interim fields for June–October 2003 (not shown), so equation predicts a vertical wavelength of 9 km. ERA‐Interim composites of horizontal wind divergence anomalies and temperature anomalies at 14°N (Figure ) show diurnal gravity waves that have vertical wavelengths consistent with the 9 km predicted by equation , and the n = 3 vertical mode structure diagnosed in modeling studies (Hassim et al, ; Lane & Zhang, ; Vincent & Lane, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal Convection‐Wind Coupling in the Bay of Bengal

2017

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Satellite observations of infrared brightness temperature and rainfall have shown offshore propagation of diurnal rainfall signals in some coastal areas of the tropics, suggesting that diurnal rainfall is coupled to land‐sea breeze circulations. Here we utilize satellite observations of surface winds and rainfall to show the offshore copropagation of land breeze and diurnal rainfall signals for 300–400 km from the east coast of India into the Bay of Bengal. The wind observations are from the 2003 Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT)‐SeaWinds “tandem mission” and from 17 years of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager (TMI); the rainfall observations are from the TRMM 3B42 product and from TMI. The surface wind convergence maximum leads the rainfall maximum by 1–2 h in the western part of the bay, implying that the land breeze forces the diurnal cycle of rainfall. The phase speed of the offshore propagation is approximately 18 m s−1, consistent with a deep hydrostatic gravity wave forced by diurnal heating over India. Comparisons with a cloud system‐resolving atmospheric model and the ERA‐Interim reanalysis indicate that the models realistically simulate the surface land breeze but greatly underestimate the amplitude of the rainfall diurnal cycle. The satellite observations presented in this study therefore provide a benchmark for model representation of this important atmosphere‐ocean‐land surface interaction.

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“…An expression relating the horizontal phase speed and mean wind to the stratification and vertical wave number is obtained by dividing equation by k (Vincent & Lane, ),

c - U = \frac{N}{m} .

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal Convection‐Wind Coupling in the Bay of Bengal

2017

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“…We investigate SLBC representation within two regional atmospheric models. The first of these is the WRF model (Skamarock, 2008), with a set‐up similar to that described in Vincent and Lane (2016). The second is the ACCESS model, which is used operationally by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM), and is based on version 7.6 of the UK Met Office Unified Model (Bi et al , 2013).…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sea/land breeze circulation (SLBC) is a major forcing of convection and precipitation in the Tropics on a diurnal scale (Yang and Slingo, 2001; Rauniyar and Walsh, 2011; Peatman et al , 2014; Vincent and Lane, 2016). Therefore, realistic representation of the SLBC is an important building block for accurate simulation of the coastal diurnal precipitation cycle in the Tropics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scatterometer estimates of the tropical sea‐breeze circulation near Darwin, with comparison to regional models

Brown

Vincent

Lane

et al. 2017

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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In tropical coastal environments, simulating the diurnal cycle of wind and precipitation in numerical weather and climate models presents unique challenges due to the interaction of intraseasonal and mesoscale dynamics. This can lead not only to incorrect short‐term weather forecasts but also to unphysical energy and momentum transport by convective processes. In particular, the sea/land‐breeze circulation and its role in initiating convection has been identified as a possible source of errors in the timing and offshore extent of coastal precipitation in the Tropics. In this study, the offshore land/sea breeze around Darwin, Australia, is examined using scatterometer wind observations and two regional atmospheric models. Although the comparison is limited by satellite swath times which cluster around two times of day, useful results are obtained by sub‐sampling the simulated data to match the coverage of the scatterometer data. We find that offshore surface sea‐breeze characteristics (intensity and horizontal spatial extent) from the models and satellite estimates are generally in good agreement, with intensity differences less than 2 m s−1, and offshore extents not varying by more than approximately 150 km. The variation in offshore extent and amplitude of the land/sea‐breeze wind perturbations with monsoon regime is well simulated. Furthermore, despite the simplifying assumptions of linear sea‐breeze theory, the model and scatterometer results are in broad agreement with theoretical values, particularly in the presence of the weak background winds during the monsoon break period.

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“…Qian, ). At night, downslope winds also converge in valleys and reinforce the land breeze (Vincent & Lane, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Mechanisms Controlling the Offshore Propagation of Convection in the Tropics: 2. Influence of Topography

Coppin

Bellon

2019

J Adv Model Earth Syst

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A set of idealized convection‐permitting simulations is performed to investigate the influence of topography on the physical mechanisms responsible for the nocturnal offshore propagation of convection around tropical islands. All simulations have an idealized island in the middle of a long channel oceanic domain, with constant sea surface temperature and without rotation. To diagnose the impact of topography, we compare a flat island simulation with two simulations with mountain ranges of different shapes. The topography over the island has a strong impact on the diurnal cycle of convection as clouds tend to remain all day over the highest topography. This weakens the diurnal cycle and the land breeze front and triggers a comparatively less frequent long‐distance offshore propagation of convection. As in the flat simulation, the distance of offshore propagation is particularly sensitive to humidity and temperature at the top of the boundary layer. A shallow circulation that is asymmetric with respect to the island influences the boundary layer top humidity and can favor propagation on one side of the island or the other. These results mimic cloud and precipitation patterns observed prior to the Madden‐Julian Oscillation propagation over the Maritime Continent. The shape of the topography does not seem to influence the offshore propagation of convection significantly except for mountain‐valley breezes that reinforce the land breeze and the establishment of the asymmetric shallow circulation.

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Evolution of the Diurnal Precipitation Cycle with the Passage of a Madden–Julian Oscillation Event through the Maritime Continent

Cited by 79 publications

References 38 publications

Diurnal Convection‐Wind Coupling in the Bay of Bengal

Diurnal Convection‐Wind Coupling in the Bay of Bengal

Scatterometer estimates of the tropical sea‐breeze circulation near Darwin, with comparison to regional models

Physical Mechanisms Controlling the Offshore Propagation of Convection in the Tropics: 2. Influence of Topography

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