Evolution of the African continental crust as recorded by U–Pb, Lu–Hf and O isotopes in detrital zircons from modern rivers

Iizuka, Tsuyoshi; Campbell, Ian H.; Allen, Charlotte M.; Gill, James B.; Maruyama, Shigenori; Makoka, Frédéric

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2012.12.028

Cited by 140 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 244 publications

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“…By the time the Nile River reaches northern Egypt (sample BS01A; Figs 5 and 6), its signature has changed to more closely resemble that of typical Phanerozoic sedimentary cover in terms of zircon age spectra, with more Palaeoproterozoic to Archaean grains, and the double plunging ε Hf to negative values at c. 600 and c. 1000 Ma, also clearly observed in a Nile sample collected near Cairo by Iizuka et al (2013). This downstream change can be explained by the Nile's route in this stretch of the river, which flows across the Phanerozoic sedimentary bedrock cover and overlying modern sediment of the Red Sea Hills to the east and the Western Desert to the west.…”

Section: Young Zircons Derived From the Ethiopian Highlandsmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Although construction of the Aswan High Dam has clearly affected the trunk Nile sediment flux downstream, comparison of petrographic data from samples collected prior to and subsequent to construction of the dam indicates that sediment composition is minimally affected (Garzanti et al 2015). Iizuka et al (2013) presented coupled U-Pb, Lu-Hf and O-isotope data for detrital zircons from a sample of modern Nile sand taken 'Near Cairo City'. They identified age peaks at 1.1 -0.9, 0.85 -0.7 and 0.7 -0.55 Ga, with minor groups at c. 2.6 and 2.0 Ga.…”

Section: The Provenance Signal Of Modern Nile River Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Contours are generated by the MATLAB contour3 function and plotted using the plot3d function. Also shown are the compilation of African detrital data from Condie & Aster (2010), and the modern African river data of Iizuka et al (2013) filtered using the discordance criteria applied in this paper.…”

Section: Young Zircons Derived From the Ethiopian Highlandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A detrital record of the Nile River and its catchment

Fielding

Najman

Millar

et al. 2016

JGS

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This research uses analyses from Nile catchment rivers, wadis, dunes and bedrocks to constrain the geological history of NE Africa and document influences on the composition of sediment reaching the Nile delta. Our data show evolution of the North African crust, highlighting phases in the development of the Arabian-Nubian Shield and amalgamation of Gondwana in Neoproterozoic times. The Saharan Metacraton and Congo Craton in Uganda have a common history of crustal growth, with new crust formation at 3.0 -3.5 Ga, and crustal melting at c. 2.7 Ga. The Hammamat Formation of the ArabianNubian Shield is locally derived and has a maximum depositional age of 635 Ma. By contrast, Phanerozoic sedimentary rocks are derived from more distant sources. The fine-grained (mud) bulk signature of the modern Nile is dominated by input from the Ethiopian Highlands, transported by the Blue Nile and Atbara rivers. Detrital zircons in the Nile trunk are predominantly derived from Phanerozoic cover rocks. Most detritus from the upstream White Nile is trapped in the Sudd marshes and contributes little to the Nile trunk. Therefore, the White Nile downstream is dominated by locally derived Phanerozoic cover. The White Nile proximal to the Gezira Fan is influenced by the fan's Blue Nile signature.

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Section: Young Zircons Derived From the Ethiopian Highlandsmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: The Provenance Signal Of Modern Nile River Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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A detrital record of the Nile River and its catchment

Fielding

Najman

Millar

et al. 2016

JGS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Early studies using zircon utilized the catchment of large rivers (e.g. Condie et al 2005;Iizuka et al 2005Iizuka et al , 2010Iizuka et al , 2013Wang et al 2009) and now there are various databases that allow analysis of much greater zircon populations with coverage of a greater area of the Earth's crust. Most databases feature similar age distribution patterns (see Fig.…”

Section: Global Isotopic Trendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These have been used as a broad representation of the continental crust for studying its age and composition, and from this, the patterns of continental growth and evolution (e.g. Wang et al 2009Wang et al , 2011Iizuka et al 2010Iizuka et al , 2013. In this paper, we review some of the major contributions that zircon studies have made to our understanding of the formation and evolution of continental crust.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The zircon archive of continent formation through time

Roberts¹,

Spencer²

2014

194

136

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The strong resilience of the mineral zircon and its ability to host a wealth of isotopic information make it the best deep-time archive of Earth's continental crust. Zircon is found in most felsic igneous rocks, can be precisely dated and can fingerprint magmatic sources; thus, it has been widely used to document the formation and evolution of continental crust, from pluton-to global-scale. Here, we present a review of major contributions that zircon studies have made in terms of understanding key questions involving the formation of the continents. These include the conditions of continent formation on early Earth, the onset of plate tectonics and subduction, the rate of crustal growth through time and the governing balance of continental addition v. continental loss, and the role of preservation bias in the zircon record.

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Geochemistry of the Cambrian Sirius Passet Lagerstätte, Northern Greenland

Boudec

Ineson

Rosing

et al. 2014

Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.

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The lower Cambrian Sirius Passet Lagerst€ atte (518 Ma) consists of mudstones about 8 m thick located in the Franklinian Basin of North Greenland. We analyzed major and trace elements plus the S, C, Cu, Fe, Zn, and Mo isotope compositions. Factor analysis allowed the lithology of the mudstone to be broken down into variable proportions of two inputs, a dry felsic component and a hydrous mafic component (smectite or chlorite). Zircons U-Pb ages indicate multiple sources, the local Proterozoic basement of Northern Greenland (1250-2400 Ma) and Pan-African felsic magmas (620-650 Ma) from across the Iapetus ocean. Diagenesis involved the reduction of Fe, S, and Mo from seawater and pyritization. The Sirius Passet Lagerst€ atte formed in oxygen-starved muds inhibiting degradation of organic matter underneath a wellventilated water column. The chemistry of the samples, their very fine grain size, their apparent lack of graded bedding, and the age of zircons suggest that the Lagerst€ atte may represent wind-blown dust deposited on the continental slope.

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Evolution of the African continental crust as recorded by U–Pb, Lu–Hf and O isotopes in detrital zircons from modern rivers

Cited by 140 publications

References 244 publications

A detrital record of the Nile River and its catchment

A detrital record of the Nile River and its catchment

The zircon archive of continent formation through time

Geochemistry of the Cambrian Sirius Passet Lagerstätte, Northern Greenland

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